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Molecules, Volume 7, Issue 11 (November 2002) – 10 articles , Pages 777-853

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34 KiB  
Article
Nα-Urocanylhistamine: A Natural Histamine Derivative
by Paul W. Baures, Karupaiyan Kaliyan and John Desper
Molecules 2002, 7(11), 813-816; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/71100813 - 02 Dec 2002
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 7547
Abstract
Nα-Urocanylhistamine and two related compounds were synthesized by using PyBOP coupling protocols. These compounds represent naturally occurring histamine derivatives. Full article
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34 KiB  
Article
Structural Representation of Organometallics and Coordination Compounds and a Recommended Representation by Use of Dashed Lines
by Shu-Kun Lin
Molecules 2002, 7(11), 848-853; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/71100848 - 01 Dec 2002
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 8728
Abstract
By using broken lines to represent coordination interactions in organometallic and other coordinated compounds, we can draw structures satisfying the valencies of the atoms present. These broken lines should be used to replace many false single covalent bonds now used to depict organometallic [...] Read more.
By using broken lines to represent coordination interactions in organometallic and other coordinated compounds, we can draw structures satisfying the valencies of the atoms present. These broken lines should be used to replace many false single covalent bonds now used to depict organometallic and coordinated compounds. Chemical drawing software should not recognize such broken lines as single covalent bonds and they should be ignored. An example of confusing and erroneous structural representation of organometallics and coordination compounds is discussed. Full article
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80 KiB  
Article
First Example of Direct Transformation of Alkylbenzenes to 1,3-Benzodioxoles by Oxidation with o-Chloranil
by Sheikh Maksudur Rahman and Tomoshige Kobayashi
Molecules 2002, 7(11), 840-847; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/71100840 - 30 Nov 2002
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 7692
Abstract
The reaction of alkyl-substituted benzenes with o-chloranil at an elevated temperature was found to give 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-1,3-benzodioxoles via benzylic oxidation and subsequent acetal formation, albeit in poor yields. Full article
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83 KiB  
Article
Dual Substituent Parameter Modeling of Theoretical, NMR and IR Spectral Data of 5-Substituted Indole-2,3-diones
by Ghazwan F. Fadhil, Hanan A. Radhy, Alexander Perjéssy, Mária Šamalíková, Erkki Kolehmainen, Walter M.F. Fabian, Katri Laihia and Zora Šusteková
Molecules 2002, 7(11), 833-839; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/71100833 - 30 Nov 2002
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 9234
Abstract
Correlations of AM1 and PM3 theoretical data, 13C-NMR substituent chemical shifts (13C-SCS) and IR carbonyl group wave numbers [ν(C3═O)] were studied using dual substituent parameter (DSP) models for 5-substituted indole-2,3-diones. For the C7 atom a reverse substituent [...] Read more.
Correlations of AM1 and PM3 theoretical data, 13C-NMR substituent chemical shifts (13C-SCS) and IR carbonyl group wave numbers [ν(C3═O)] were studied using dual substituent parameter (DSP) models for 5-substituted indole-2,3-diones. For the C7 atom a reverse substituent effect attributed to extended π-polarization was observed. On the other hand, the DSP approaches for the C3 atom showed normal substituent effects with some contribution of reverse effect supported strongly by 13C-SCS correlations. In the ν(C3═O) and p(C3═O) DSP correlations the field effect contribution predominates over the resonance effect, which justifies the using of earlier suggested vibrational coupling (V-C) model for 5- and 6-substituted indole-2,3-diones. Full article
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175 KiB  
Article
Phytoalexin Accumulation in Colombian Bean Varieties and Aminosugars as Elicitors
by Diego Durango, Winston Quiñones, Fernando Torres, Yoni Rosero, Jesús Gil and Fernando Echeverri
Molecules 2002, 7(11), 817-832; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/71100817 - 30 Nov 2002
Cited by 49 | Viewed by 9178
Abstract
The accumulation of isoflavonoid phytoalexins was studied in several Colombian bean cultivars resistant and susceptible to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum fungus, the causal agent of anthrachnose disease. A time-course accumulation analysis on seedlings treated with CuCl2 showed that phaseollin production was higher in resistant [...] Read more.
The accumulation of isoflavonoid phytoalexins was studied in several Colombian bean cultivars resistant and susceptible to Colletotrichum lindemuthianum fungus, the causal agent of anthrachnose disease. A time-course accumulation analysis on seedlings treated with CuCl2 showed that phaseollin production was higher in resistant cultivars than in susceptible ones. Also, a defensive role of phytoalexins was demostrated when extracts containing this pterocarpan exhibited antifungal activity against C. lindemuthianum. In addition, the elicitor activity of some aminosugars was also established. Full article
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17 KiB  
Article
Easy Preparation of [Bis(trifluoroacetoxy)iodo]arenes from Iodoarenes, with Sodium Percarbonate as the Oxidant
by Pawel Kazmierczak and Lech Skulski
Molecules 2002, 7(11), 810-812; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/71100810 - 30 Nov 2002
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 7652
Abstract
Easy and effective preparations of the nearly pure [bis(trifluoroacetoxy)-iodo]arenes, ArI(OCOCF)3, from some iodoarenes, ArI, are reported, using an anhydrous sodium percarbonate/(CF3CO)2O/CH2Cl2 system. The colorless, freshly prepared ArI(OCOCF3)2 thus obtained were 98-99% pure (by iodometry). Full article
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68 KiB  
Article
Easy Preparation of (Diacetoxyiodo)arenes from Iodoarenes with Sodium Percarbonate as the Oxidant
by Agnieszka Zielinska and Lech Skulski
Molecules 2002, 7(11), 806-809; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/71100806 - 30 Nov 2002
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 9086
Abstract
Easy and effective preparations of nearly pure (diacetoxyiodo)arenes, ArI(OAc)2, from iodoarenes, ArI, are reported. In most cases the crude colorless products thus obtained need not be further purified, i.e., by recrystallization. As an example, the PhI(OAc)2 thus prepared was 99% [...] Read more.
Easy and effective preparations of nearly pure (diacetoxyiodo)arenes, ArI(OAc)2, from iodoarenes, ArI, are reported. In most cases the crude colorless products thus obtained need not be further purified, i.e., by recrystallization. As an example, the PhI(OAc)2 thus prepared was 99% pure (by iodometry). Full article
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34 KiB  
Article
Isolation and Characterization of Silyl Enol Ether Intermediates in the Synthesis of 5,6,9,10–Tetrahydro-7,8-benzocyclooctenedione
by Saeed Abolghassemi Fakhri and Adeleh Moshtaghi Zenouz
Molecules 2002, 7(11), 801-805; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/71100801 - 30 Nov 2002
Viewed by 7244
Abstract
The 5,6,9,10-tetrahydro-7,8-benzocyclooctenedione 4 has been synthesized through fragmentation of a bicyclo[4.2.0]octane system using an acyloin reaction on the trans-2,3-dicarboethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene 1 in the presence of trimethylchlorosilane (TMCS). The two intermediates of this reaction, bis(trimethylsiloxy) derivatives 2 and 3, have been isolated and characterized. Full article
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111 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Characterization of some New Mesoionic 1,3-Thiazolium-5-thiolates via Cyclodehydration and in situ 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition/Cycloreversion
by Bruno Freitas Lira, Petrônio Filgueiras De Athayde Filho, Joseph Miller, Alfredo Mayall Simas, Aderson De Farias Dias and Maria Joaquina Vieira
Molecules 2002, 7(11), 791-800; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/71100791 - 30 Nov 2002
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 10532
Abstract
The title compounds were synthesized from C-aryl-N-methylglycines by Naroylation followed by a cyclodehydration to form the corresponding 1,3-oxazolium-5-olates. These were not isolated but converted to the title compounds by an in situ 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition/cycloreversion sequence using carbon disulphide. We have studied the cyclodehydration [...] Read more.
The title compounds were synthesized from C-aryl-N-methylglycines by Naroylation followed by a cyclodehydration to form the corresponding 1,3-oxazolium-5-olates. These were not isolated but converted to the title compounds by an in situ 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition/cycloreversion sequence using carbon disulphide. We have studied the cyclodehydration step using acetic anhydride, trifluoroacetic anhydride and 1,3-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) at temperatures not exceding 60oC. Trifluroacetic anhydride proved to be the best reagent, giving a better yield and more easily purified products, although yields were also acceptable with the other two reagents. Full article
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281 KiB  
Article
A Synthesis of 6-(2,5-Dimethoxy-4-(2-aminopropyl)phenyl)-hexylthiol. A Ligand for Conjugation with Fluorescent Cadmium Selenide/Zinc Sulfide Core/Shell Nanocrystals and Biological Imaging
by Ian D. Tomlinson, Jesse L. Grey and Sandra J. Rosenthal
Molecules 2002, 7(11), 777-790; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/71100777 - 30 Nov 2002
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 8641
Abstract
The synthesis of 6-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-aminopropyl)phenyl)hexylthiol, an agonist with a very high affinity for the 5HT2A serotonin receptor subtype is reported. This agonist was designed to be attached to highly fluorescent cadmium selenide/zinc sulfide core/shells via a thiol at the end of a linker [...] Read more.
The synthesis of 6-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-aminopropyl)phenyl)hexylthiol, an agonist with a very high affinity for the 5HT2A serotonin receptor subtype is reported. This agonist was designed to be attached to highly fluorescent cadmium selenide/zinc sulfide core/shells via a thiol at the end of a linker arm. This conjugate has applications in biological assays and biological imaging. Full article
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