A Novel Inhibitor of Carbonic Anhydrases Prevents Hypoxia-Induced TNBC Cell Plasticity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. CA IX Expression in TNBC Patients and in TNBC Cell Lines
2.2. Inhibition of CA IX Prevents Vasculogenic Mimicry in TNBC Cells
2.3. Targeting CA IX Reduces Hypoxia-Induced Migration and Invasion of TNBC Cells
2.4. Targeting CA IX Inhibits TNBC Mammosphere Formation
2.5. Targeting CA IX Reduces Markers Associated with Stemness and Vasculogenic Mimicry
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. In Silico Analysis of the Expression of CA IX in TNBC
4.2. Cell Lines and Culture Conditions
4.3. Cell Viability Assay
4.4. RNA Interference
4.5. RC44 Synthesis
4.6. Measurement of Extracellular pH
4.7. Vascular Mimicry
4.8. Spheroid Formation Assay of TNBC Cells
4.9. Cell Migration Assay
4.10. Wound Healing Assay
4.11. Cell Invasion Assay
4.12. Cell Lysate Preparation and Western Blot Analysis
4.13. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sarnella, A.; D’Avino, G.; Hill, B.S.; Alterio, V.; Winum, J.-Y.; Supuran, C.T.; De Simone, G.; Zannetti, A. A Novel Inhibitor of Carbonic Anhydrases Prevents Hypoxia-Induced TNBC Cell Plasticity. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 8405. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms21218405
Sarnella A, D’Avino G, Hill BS, Alterio V, Winum J-Y, Supuran CT, De Simone G, Zannetti A. A Novel Inhibitor of Carbonic Anhydrases Prevents Hypoxia-Induced TNBC Cell Plasticity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(21):8405. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms21218405
Chicago/Turabian StyleSarnella, Annachiara, Giuliana D’Avino, Billy Samuel Hill, Vincenzo Alterio, Jean-Yves Winum, Claudiu T. Supuran, Giuseppina De Simone, and Antonella Zannetti. 2020. "A Novel Inhibitor of Carbonic Anhydrases Prevents Hypoxia-Induced TNBC Cell Plasticity" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21: 8405. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijms21218405