The “Undetermined Significance” of 18F-FDG PET/CT or PET/MRI in Patients with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Consensus Recommendations
3. Literature Data
4. “Real-World” Scenario and Future Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Lomas, O.C.; Mouhieddine, T.H.; Tahri, S.; Ghobrial, I.M. Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS)-Not So Asymptomatic after All. Cancers 2020, 12, 1554. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Seth, S.; Zanwar, S.; Vu, L.; Kapoor, P. Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: Current Concepts and Future Prospects. Curr. Hematol. Malig. Rep. 2020, 15, 45–55. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ho, M.; Patel, A.; Goh, C.Y.; Moscvin, M.; Zhang, L.; Bianchi, G. Changing paradigms in diagnosis and treatment of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM). Leukemia 2020, 34, 3111–3125. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Rajkumar, S.V.; Dimopoulos, M.A.; Palumbo, A.; Blade, J.; Merlini, G.; Mateos, M.V.; Kumar, S.; Hillengass, J.; Kastritis, E.; Richardson, P.; et al. International Myeloma Working Group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Lancet Oncol. 2014, 15, e538–e548. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- van de Donk, N.W.C.J.; Pawlyn, C.; Yong, K.L. Multiple myeloma. Lancet 2021, 397, 410–427. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mann, H.; Katiyar, V.; Varga, C.; Comenzo, R.L. Smoldering multiple myeloma-Past, present, and future. Blood Rev. 2021. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ulaner, G.A.; Landgren, C.O. Current and potential applications of positron emission tomography for multiple myeloma and plasma cell disorders. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Haematol. 2020, 33, 101148. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jamet, B.; Bailly, C.; Carlier, T.; Touzeau, C.; Nanni, C.; Zamagni, E.; Barré, L.; Michaud, A.V.; Chérel, M.; Moreau, P.; et al. Interest of Pet Imaging in Multiple Myeloma. Front. Med. 2019, 6, 69. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Vicentini, J.R.T.; Bredella, M.A. Role of FDG PET in the staging of multiple myeloma. Skeletal Radiol. 2021. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jamet, B.; Bailly, C.; Carlier, T.; Touzeau, C.; Michaud, A.V.; Bourgeois, M.; Moreau, P.; Bodet-Milin, C.; Kraeber-Bodere, F. Imaging of Monoclonal Gammapathy of Undetermined Significance and Smoldering Multiple Myeloma. Cancers 2020, 12, 486. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Hillengass, J.; Usmani, S.; Rajkumar, S.V.; Durie, B.G.M.; Mateos, M.V.; Lonial, S.; Joao, C.; Anderson, K.C.; García-Sanz, R.; Riva, E.; et al. International myeloma working group consensus recommendations on imaging in monoclonal plasma cell disorders. Lancet Oncol. 2019, 20, e302–e312. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sandecka, V.; Adam, Z.; Krejci, M.; Stork, M.; Rehak, Z.; Koukalova, R.; Sevcikova, S.; Brozova, L.; Kral, Z.; Mayer, J.; et al. Diagnostic relevance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in newly diagnosed patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS): Single-center experience. Neoplasma 2020, 67, 939–945. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Fuchs, S.; Grössmann, N.; Ferch, M.; Wild, C. Evidence-based indications for the planning of PET or PET/CT capacities are needed. Clin. Transl. Imaging 2019, 7, 65–81. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Treglia, G.; Sadeghi, R. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews on PET and PET/CT in oncology: The state of the art. Clin. Transl. Imaging 2013, 1, 73–75. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Treglia, G.; Bertagna, F.; Albano, D. The “Undetermined Significance” of 18F-FDG PET/CT or PET/MRI in Patients with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS). Medicina 2021, 57, 856. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina57080856
Treglia G, Bertagna F, Albano D. The “Undetermined Significance” of 18F-FDG PET/CT or PET/MRI in Patients with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS). Medicina. 2021; 57(8):856. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina57080856
Chicago/Turabian StyleTreglia, Giorgio, Francesco Bertagna, and Domenico Albano. 2021. "The “Undetermined Significance” of 18F-FDG PET/CT or PET/MRI in Patients with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS)" Medicina 57, no. 8: 856. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/medicina57080856