The Impact of Changes in Professional Autonomy and Occupational Commitment on Nurses’ Intention to Leave: A Two-Wave Longitudinal Study in Japan
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Design, Setting, and Participants
2.2. Ethical Considerations
2.3. Measures and Data Collection
2.3.1. Demographic Variables
2.3.2. Attitude toward Professional Autonomy
2.3.3. Occupational Commitment
2.3.4. Intention to Leave
2.4. Data Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Study Limitations
6. Conclusions
Implications for Practice
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Time 1, n (%) | Time 2, n (%) |
---|---|---|
Marital status | ||
Married | 980 (55.1) | 1049 (59.0) |
Single | 778 (43.8) | 714 (40.2) |
Employment conditions | ||
Full-time employees | 1671 (94.0) | 1683 (94.7) |
Part-time employees | 102 (5.7) | 95 (5.3) |
Position | ||
Director | 7 (0.4) | 11 (0.6) |
Deputy director | 16 (0.9) | 17 (1.0) |
Head nurse | 145 (8.2) | 162 (9.1) |
Assistant head nurse | 191 (10.7) | 214 (12.0) |
Regular nurse | 1411 (79.4) | 1368 (76.9) |
Variable | Time 1 | Time 2 | Time2 - Time1 | t-Test ‡ | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD † | Mean | SD † | Mean | SD † | ||
Intention to leave | 13.00 | 4.8 | 12.98 | 4.9 | −0.02 | 4.7 | ns |
Occupational commitment | |||||||
Affective occupational commitment | 22.00 | 3.9 | 22.08 | 4.0 | 0.08 | 2.9 | ns |
Continuance occupational commitment | 17.49 | 3.8 | 17.92 | 3.8 | 0.43 | 3.4 | *** |
Normative occupational commitment | 17.63 | 3.6 | 17.36 | 3.8 | −0.27 | 3.3 | *** |
Attitude toward professional autonomy | |||||||
Autonomous clinical judgment | 25.80 | 3.7 | 26.34 | 3.6 | 0.54 | 3.2 | *** |
Control over work conditions | 18.90 | 4.3 | 19.44 | 4.3 | 0.54 | 3.7 | *** |
Job-related independence | 15.60 | 4.1 | 16.09 | 4.0 | 0.49 | 3.2 | *** |
Parameter | Bivariate | Multivariate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
β | SE † | β | SE † | |||
Intercept | 0.74 | 0.38 | ||||
Age at Time 2 | −0.04 | *** | 0.01 | |||
Sex (female = 1, male = 0) | −0.43 | 0.31 | ||||
Education (baccalaureate program or masters’ program in nursing = 1, others = 0) | 0.93 | ** | 0.34 | |||
Intention to leave at Time 1 | 0.56 | *** | 0.02 | |||
Changing secular trends in autonomous clinical judgment | −0.05 | 0.03 | ||||
Changing secular trends in control over work conditions | 0.07 | * | 0.03 | 0.07 | * | 0.03 |
Changing secular trends in job-related independence | 0.00 | 0.04 | ||||
Changing secular trends in affective occupational commitment | −0.27 | *** | 0.03 | −0.23 | *** | 0.03 |
Changing secular trends in continuance occupational commitment | −0.14 | *** | 0.03 | −0.09 | *** | 0.02 |
Changing secular trends in normative occupational commitment | −0.18 | *** | 0.02 | −0.12 | *** | 0.02 |
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Hara, Y.; Asakura, K.; Asakura, T. The Impact of Changes in Professional Autonomy and Occupational Commitment on Nurses’ Intention to Leave: A Two-Wave Longitudinal Study in Japan. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 6120. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17176120
Hara Y, Asakura K, Asakura T. The Impact of Changes in Professional Autonomy and Occupational Commitment on Nurses’ Intention to Leave: A Two-Wave Longitudinal Study in Japan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(17):6120. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17176120
Chicago/Turabian StyleHara, Yukari, Kyoko Asakura, and Takashi Asakura. 2020. "The Impact of Changes in Professional Autonomy and Occupational Commitment on Nurses’ Intention to Leave: A Two-Wave Longitudinal Study in Japan" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17: 6120. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17176120