Association of Sleep Duration and Overweight/Obesity among Children in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Participants
2.2. Anthropometric Measurements
2.3. Definition of Overweight and Obesity
2.4. Categories of Sleep Duration
2.5. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. The Distribution of the Characteristics among Different Sleep-Duration Groups.
3.2. Multivariate Regression Analysis of the Relationship between Sleep Duration and Overweight/Obesity.
3.3. Restrictive Cubic Splines Demonstrate the Relationship between Sleep Duration and the Risk of Overweight/Obesity.
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Total | Very Short | Short | Recommended | Long | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
Total | 35,414 | 308 (0.1) | 12776 (36.1) | 22158 (62.6) | 172 (0.1) | |
Gender | ||||||
Male | 17,859 | 142 (46.1) | 6334 (49.6) | 11297 (51.0) | 86 (50.0) | <0.0001 |
Female | 17,555 | 166 (53.9) | 6442 (50.4) | 10861 (49.0) | 86 (50.0) | |
Age (years) | 35,414 | 13.23 ± 3.2 | 12.31 ± 3.1 | 11.56 ± 3.4 | 11.66 ± 3.4 | <0.0001 |
Region | ||||||
Urban | 17,826 | 211 (68.5) | 6589(51.6) | 10940(49.4) | 86(50.0) | <0.0001 |
Rural | 17,588 | 97 (31.5) | 6187(48.4) | 11218(50.6) | 86(50.0) | |
Family income | ||||||
Low income | 22,298 | 185 (60.1) | 7940 (62.2) | 14,065 (63.5) | 108 (62.8) | <0.0001 |
Middle income | 4267 | 49 (15.9) | 1682 (13.2) | 2520 (11.4) | 16 (9.3) | |
High income | 1119 | 24 (7.8) | 395 (3.1) | 691 (3.1) | 9 (5.2) | |
Unknown | 7730 | 50 (16.2) | 2759 (21.6) | 4882 (22.0) | 39 (22.7) | |
Leisure exercise | ||||||
No | 22,088 | 160 (52.0) | 8001 (62.6) | 13,852 (62.5) | 75 (43.6) | <0.0001 |
Yes | 13,326 | 148 (48.1) | 4775 (37.4) | 8306 (37.5) | 97 (56.4) | |
Leisure SB | ||||||
≤2 h/d | 14,241 | 68 (22.1) | 4539 (35.5) | 9546 (43.1) | 88 (51.2) | <0.0001 |
>2 h/d | 21,173 | 240 (77.9) | 8237 (64.5) | 12,612 (56.9) | 84 (48.8) | |
BMI status | ||||||
Obesity | 2779 | 52 (16.9) | 1028 (8.1) | 1687 (7.6) | 12 (7.0) | <0.0001 |
Overweight | 3736 | 36 (11.7) | 1443 (11.3) | 2246 (10.1) | 11 (6.4) | |
Normal | 28,899 | 220 (71.4) | 10,305 (80.7) | 18,225 (82.3) | 149 (86.6) |
Variables | Overweight | Obesity |
---|---|---|
Odds Ratio (95% CI (Confidence Interval)) | OR (95% CI) | |
Sleep duration | ||
Very short | 1.34 (0.94–3.01) | 3.01 (2.19–4.15) |
Short | 1.17 (1.09–1.26) | 1.24 (1.14–1.35) |
Recommended | reference | reference |
Long | 0.58 (0.32–1.08) | 0.83 (0.46–1.51) |
Gender | ||
Male | reference | reference |
Female | 0.69 (0.64–0.73) | 0.57 (0.52–0.61) |
Age | 0.95 (0.94–0.96) | 0.85 (0.84–0.86) |
Residence | ||
Urban | reference | reference |
Rural | 0.69 (0.64–0.74) | 0.62 (0.57–0.68) |
Family income | ||
Low income | reference | reference |
Middle income | 1.22 (1.10–1.35) | 1.30 (1.16–1.46) |
High income | 1.20 (1.20–1.44) | 1.29 (1.06–1.58) |
Leisure exercise | ||
No | reference | reference |
Yes | 1.16 (1.08–1.25) | 1.27 (1.17–1.38) |
Leisure sedentary behavior | ||
≤2 h/d | reference | reference |
> 2h/d | 1.10 (1.02–1.18) | 1.10 (1.01–1.19) |
Sleep Duration (h/d) | Overweight | Obesity |
---|---|---|
4.0 | 1.88 (1.40–2.54) | 2.55 (1.78–3.65) |
5.0 | 1.63 (1.30–2.06) | 2.07 (1.57–2.73) |
6.0 | 1.42 (1.21–1.67) | 1.68 (1.38–2.04) |
7.0 | 1.23 (1.12–1.35) | 1.36 (1.21–1.52) |
8.0 | 1.07 (1.04–1.10) | 1.10 (1.07–1.14) |
9.0 | 0.96 (0.93–0.98) | 0.93 (0.90–0.96) |
10.0 | 0.89 (0.81–0.98) | 0.81 (0.73–0.90) |
11.0 | 0.82 (0.70–0.97) | 0.71 (0.59–0.85) |
12.0 | 0.77 (0.61–0.96) | 0.62 (0.48–0.80) |
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Fan, J.; Ding, C.; Gong, W.; Yuan, F.; Zhang, Y.; Feng, G.; Song, C.; Liu, A. Association of Sleep Duration and Overweight/Obesity among Children in China. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 1962. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17061962
Fan J, Ding C, Gong W, Yuan F, Zhang Y, Feng G, Song C, Liu A. Association of Sleep Duration and Overweight/Obesity among Children in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(6):1962. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17061962
Chicago/Turabian StyleFan, Jing, Caicui Ding, Weiyan Gong, Fan Yuan, Yan Zhang, Ganyu Feng, Chao Song, and Ailing Liu. 2020. "Association of Sleep Duration and Overweight/Obesity among Children in China" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 6: 1962. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ijerph17061962