Recycled Polyester Geosynthetic Influence on Improvement of Road and Railway Subgrade Bearing Capacity— Laboratory Investigations
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
- The use of recycled geosynthetic nodes/strips makes it possible to increase the bearing capacity of soils used in road and railway applications.
- In the case of sand, the use of 2.0% nodes/strips causes the poorly compacted soil with insufficient bearing capacity (CBR < 20%) to obtain sufficient bearing capacity for the layer of road improved subgrade (CBR > 20%).
- In the area covered by tests for sand, a higher content of strips or nodes results in higher bearing capacity. The highest bearing capacity for sand–gravel was obtained in the laboratory tests for 1.0% strip content.
- For the sand–gravel, in the range covered by the study, along with the increase in moisture content, an increase in the bearing capacity of GFRS was observed. The highest bearing capacities were obtained for 11.5% moisture content. This phenomenon was not observed for sand.
- The effect of additive shape was noted in the test of sand–gravel with strips. Increasing the content of the additive to 2.0% resulted in a significant decrease in the bearing capacity. Such an influence of the additive shape on the bearing capacity in the sand tests was not noticed.
- Mechanical treatment can be recognized as an effective method of recycling geosynthetics leading to their reuse. However, the obtained results indicate an obligatory need to optimize the GFRS composition. It is also necessary to check the properties of the GFRS under real field conditions.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Standard | Sand | Sand–Gravel |
---|---|---|---|
Maximum dry density (g/cm3) | PN-EN 13286-2 | 1.86 | 2.25 |
Optimum moisture content (%) | PN-EN 13286-2 | 11.2 | 10.0 |
Uniformity coefficient (-) | EN ISO 14688-2 | 2.1 | 16.3 |
Coefficient of curvature (-) | EN ISO 14688-2 | 0.8 | 1.1 |
Sand equivalent (-) | PN-EN 933-8 | 99 | 83 |
Soil + Additive | Additive Weight Concentration (%) | Moisture Content (%) | Number of Samples |
---|---|---|---|
sand | 0.0 | 9.5; 11.0; 12.5 | 6 |
sand + nodes | 1.0 | 9.5; 11.0; 12.5 | 9 |
sand + strips | 1.0 | 9.5; 11.0; 12.5 | 9 |
sand + nodes | 2.0 | 9.5; 11.0; 12.5 | 9 |
sand + strips | 2.0 | 9.5; 11.0; 12.5 | 9 |
Soil + Additive | Additive Weight Concentration (%) | Moisture Content (%) | Number of Samples |
---|---|---|---|
sand–gravel | 0.0 | 8.5; 10.0; 11.5 | 6 |
sand–gravel + nodes | 1.0 | 8.5; 10.0; 11.5 | 9 |
sand–gravel + strips | 1.0 | 8.5; 10.0; 11.5 | 9 |
sand–gravel + nodes | 2.0 | 8.5; 10.0; 11.5 | 9 |
sand–gravel + strips | 2.0 | 8.5; 10.0; 11.5 | 9 |
Characteristics | Standard | MD | CMD |
---|---|---|---|
Nominal aperture size (mm) | - | 73 | 30 |
Nominal tensile strength (kN/m) | EN ISO 10319 | 80 | 20 |
Tensile strength at 2% elongation (kN/m) | EN ISO 10319 | 28 | - |
Elongation at nominal tensile strength (%) | EN ISO 10319 | ≤7 | ≤7 |
Construction related strain (%) | - | 0 | 0 |
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Malicki, K.; Górszczyk, J.; Dimitrovová, Z. Recycled Polyester Geosynthetic Influence on Improvement of Road and Railway Subgrade Bearing Capacity— Laboratory Investigations. Materials 2021, 14, 7264. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14237264
Malicki K, Górszczyk J, Dimitrovová Z. Recycled Polyester Geosynthetic Influence on Improvement of Road and Railway Subgrade Bearing Capacity— Laboratory Investigations. Materials. 2021; 14(23):7264. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14237264
Chicago/Turabian StyleMalicki, Konrad, Jarosław Górszczyk, and Zuzana Dimitrovová. 2021. "Recycled Polyester Geosynthetic Influence on Improvement of Road and Railway Subgrade Bearing Capacity— Laboratory Investigations" Materials 14, no. 23: 7264. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ma14237264