Depicting HIV-1 Transcriptional Mechanisms: A Summary of What We Know
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Regulation of HIV-1 Basal Transcription
2.1. The cis-Regulatory HIV-1 5′LTR Promoter
2.1.1. NF-kB
2.1.2. Sp1
2.1.3. The CATA Box and the Initiator Element
2.2. The cis-Regulatory Elements Outside the 5′LTR
2.3. The Nucleosomal Organization of the 5′LTR
2.4. The Pre-Initiation Complex Formation
2.5. RNA Polymerase II Pausing
3. Regulation of HIV-1 Transcriptional Elongation
3.1. Tat-Mediated Transcription
3.2. The 7SK snRNP Complex
3.3. Mechanisms of 7SK snRNP/P-TEFb Complex Recruitment to Chromatin
3.3.1. KAP1
3.3.2. HMGA1 and CTIP2
3.3.3. Tat and ZASC1
3.4. Release of P-TEFb from the Inhibitory 7SK snRNP Complex
3.4.1. Competition between Tat and HEXIM1
3.4.2. Competition between Tat and Brd4
3.4.3. Post-Translational Modifications of the 7SK snRNP Complex
3.5. The Super Elongation Complex (SEC)
4. Conclusions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Dutilleul, A.; Rodari, A.; Van Lint, C. Depicting HIV-1 Transcriptional Mechanisms: A Summary of What We Know. Viruses 2020, 12, 1385. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/v12121385
Dutilleul A, Rodari A, Van Lint C. Depicting HIV-1 Transcriptional Mechanisms: A Summary of What We Know. Viruses. 2020; 12(12):1385. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/v12121385
Chicago/Turabian StyleDutilleul, Antoine, Anthony Rodari, and Carine Van Lint. 2020. "Depicting HIV-1 Transcriptional Mechanisms: A Summary of What We Know" Viruses 12, no. 12: 1385. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/v12121385