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Cardiogenetics is published by MDPI from Volume 10 Issue 2 (2020). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with PAGEPress.

Cardiogenetics, Volume 10, Issue 1 (April 2020) – 4 articles

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415 KiB  
Case Report
Inherited Interstitial Deletion of 3p22.3—p23 Involving GPD1L Gene
by Hoang H. Nguyen, Krishna Kishore Umapathi, Richard Dineen, Raymond Morales and Mindy H. Li
Cardiogenetics 2020, 10(1), 9193; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.4081/cardiogenetics.2020.9193 - 30 Sep 2020
Viewed by 1268
Abstract
We report the first case of a 294 kb loss, notable for including the entirety of GPD1L, on chromosome 3p22.3—p24 in a 3-year-old girl with multiple congenital anomalies including absent left foot, single umbilical artery, bilateral vesico-ureteral reflux, rectovaginal fistula, and imperforate [...] Read more.
We report the first case of a 294 kb loss, notable for including the entirety of GPD1L, on chromosome 3p22.3—p24 in a 3-year-old girl with multiple congenital anomalies including absent left foot, single umbilical artery, bilateral vesico-ureteral reflux, rectovaginal fistula, and imperforate anus. Although GPD1L mutations have been associated with cardiac arrhythmias, including Brugada syndrome and sudden unexpected infant death syndrome, full deletions in the GPD1L gene have not been reported neither the patient nor her mother, who was later identified to carry the variant, have any signs or symptoms of Brugada syndrome. This may indicate these individuals have findings that have not yet been identified, full gene deletions of GDP1L are not necessarily disease causing, or there is incomplete penetrance of this gene or cardiac manifestations can occur at a later age. Full article
540 KiB  
Review
Gene Therapy in Anderson-Fabry Disease. State of the Art and Future Perspectives
by Giorgio Spiniello, Federica Verrillo, Riccardo Ricciolino, Dario Prozzo, Andrea Tuccillo, Martina Caiazza and Marta Rubino
Cardiogenetics 2020, 10(1), 9075; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.4081/cardiogenetics.2020.9075 - 27 Aug 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1232
Abstract
Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme, agalactosidase A. The inadequate enzymatic activity leads to systemic storage of glycosphingolipids, mostly globotriaosylceramide, in the lysosomes. As of now, enzyme replacement therapy is the only [...] Read more.
Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD) is an X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme, agalactosidase A. The inadequate enzymatic activity leads to systemic storage of glycosphingolipids, mostly globotriaosylceramide, in the lysosomes. As of now, enzyme replacement therapy is the only approved treatment for AFD. However, it does not induce a complete and lasting response in several clinical contexts. Genemediated enzyme replacement is an emerging approach that could overcome these limits. The single gene nature of AFD enhances the possibility to transfect and modify a small number of cells, making them capable to affect the correction of a larger number of cells. This review summarizes the history and the state of the art of gene therapy in AFD, showing potential benefits and limits. Full article
939 KiB  
Brief Report
Assessment of Disease-Associated Missense Variants in RYR2 on Transcript Splicing
by Damilola Olubando, Huw Thomas, Minoru Horie, Raymond T. O’Keefe, Luigi Venetucci and William Newman
Cardiogenetics 2020, 10(1), 8637; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.4081/cardiogenetics.2020.8637 - 01 Jun 2020
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Abstract
Heterozygous RYR2 missense variants cause catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Rarely, loss of function variants can result in ventricular arrhythmias. We used splice prediction tools and an ex vivo splicing assay to investigate whether RYR2 missense variants result in altered splicing. Ten RYR2 variants [...] Read more.
Heterozygous RYR2 missense variants cause catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Rarely, loss of function variants can result in ventricular arrhythmias. We used splice prediction tools and an ex vivo splicing assay to investigate whether RYR2 missense variants result in altered splicing. Ten RYR2 variants were consistently predicted to disrupt splicing, however none altered splicing in the splicing assay. In summary, missense RYR2 variants are unlikely to cause disease by altered splicing. Full article
495 KiB  
Review
Sudden Cardiac Death in Young Athletes: Literature Review of Molecular Basis
by Cristina Mazzaccara, Bruno Mirra, Ferdinando Barretta, Barbara Lombardo, Olga Scudiero and Giulia Frisso
Cardiogenetics 2020, 10(1), 8860; https://doi.org/10.4081/cardiogenetics.2020.8860 - 07 Apr 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1269
Abstract
Intense athletic training and competition can rarely result in sudden cardiac death (SCD). Despite the introduction of pre-participation cardiovascular screening, especially among young competitive athletes, sport-related SCD remains a debated issue among medical personnel, sports communities and laypersons alike, and generates significant media [...] Read more.
Intense athletic training and competition can rarely result in sudden cardiac death (SCD). Despite the introduction of pre-participation cardiovascular screening, especially among young competitive athletes, sport-related SCD remains a debated issue among medical personnel, sports communities and laypersons alike, and generates significant media attention. The most frequent cause of SCD is a hidden inherited cardiomyopathy, the athletes may not even be aware of. Predictive medicine, by searching the presence of pathogenic alterations in cardiac genes, may be an integrative tool, besides the conventional ones used in cardiology (mainly electro and echocardiogram), to reach a definitive diagnosis in athletes showing signs/symptoms, even borderline, of inherited cardiomyopathy/ channelopathy, and in athletes presenting family history of SCD and/or of hereditary cardiac disease. In this review, we revised the molecular basis of the major cardiac diseases associated to sudden cardiac death and the clinical molecular biology approach that can be used to perform risk assessment at DNA level of sudden cardiac death, contributing to the early implementation of adequate therapy. Alterations can occur in ion channel genes, in genes encoding desmosomal and junctional proteins, sarcomeric and Z-disc proteins, proteins for the cytoskeleton and the nuclear envelope. The advent of next generation sequencing (NGS) technology has provided the means to search for mutations in all these genes, at the same time. Therefore, this molecular approach should be the preferred methodology for the aforementioned purpose. Full article
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