Local Wisdom of Miang Lifestyle and Community for Sustainable Development in Northern Thailand
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Cross-Sectional Study
2.2. Qualitative Study
3. Results
3.1. Cross-Sectional Study
3.2. Qualitative Study
3.2.1. Miang Consumption Behavior of Mae Kampong Villagers
3.2.2. Miang Lifestyle and Wisdom in Mae Kampong
4. Discussion
4.1. Miang Consumption Behavior in Mae Kampong
4.2. Miang Lifestyle and Wisdom in Mae Kampong
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Total | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Male | 131 | 39.1 |
Female | 204 | 60.9 |
Mean age (years) (n = 315) | 61.3 ± 12.2 | |
Status (n = 304) | ||
Single | 29 | 9.5 |
Married | 242 | 79.6 |
Divorced/separated | 18 | 5.9 |
Other * | 15 | 4.9 |
Education (n = 325) | ||
Illiterate | 45 | 13.9 |
Primary or below | 225 | 69.2 |
High school | 42 | 13.0 |
Diploma/Vocational/Bachelor’s degree or higher | 13 | 4.0 |
Occupation (n = 309) | ||
Agriculturist | 94 | 30.4 |
Freelancer | 120 | 38.8 |
Government official or private sector employee | 6 | 1.8 |
Unemployed | 68 | 22.0 |
Other * | 21 | 6.8 |
Monthly income (THB)(n = 307) ** | ||
<3000 (96.15 USD) | 143 | 46.6 |
3001–10,000 (96.19–320.51 USD) | 130 | 42.4 |
>10,001 (320.54 USD) | 34 | 10.4 |
Variable | Total | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Weight (kilogram; n = 310) | 53.9 ± 10.9 | |
Height (centimeter; n = 293) | 155.4 ± 8.3 | |
Smoking status (n = 318) | ||
Never smokers | 198 | 62.3 |
Active smokers | 70 | 22.0 |
Ex-smokers | 50 | 15.7 |
Drinking status (n = 316) | ||
Non-drinkers | 186 | 58.9 |
Active drinker | 79 | 25.0 |
Ex-drinkers | 51 | 16.1 |
Underlying disease * (n = 328) | ||
Diabetes or hyperglycemic | 70 | 21.3 |
Dyslipidemia | 28 | 8.5 |
Hypertension | 115 | 35.1 |
Cardiovascular diseases | 8 | 2.4 |
Depression/anxiety disorder | 8 | 2.4 |
Other ** | 71 | 21.7 |
Medication use (n = 318) | ||
None | 132 | 41.5 |
On medication | 186 | 58.5 |
Supplement use (n = 311) | ||
None | 256 | 82.3 |
On supplements | 55 | 17.7 |
Herbal use (n = 318) | ||
None | 220 | 69.2 |
Use herbs | 98 | 30.8 |
Exercise (n = 317) | ||
Did not exercise | 127 | 40.1 |
Exercise | 190 | 59.9 |
Diet (n = 323) | ||
Home cooking meals | 316 | 97.8 |
Eating out/take out | 4 | 1.2 |
Other | 3 | 0.9 |
Variable | Total | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Do you consume Miang daily? (n = 334) | ||
No | 21 | 6.3 |
Yes | 313 | 93.7 |
What do you consume Miang as? * (n = 318) | ||
Snack, e.g., Sour Miang or Sweet Miang | 275 | 86.5 |
Staple food, e.g., Miang salad, concentrated Miang juice | 113 | 35.5 |
Beverage, e.g., Miang tea | 42 | 13.2 |
Medicine | 8 | 2.5 |
Healthy baked goods | 1 | 0.3 |
Why do you consume Miang? * (n = 318) | ||
Use Miang as a snack | 220 | 69.2 |
Use Miang as a staple food | 80 | 25.2 |
Use Miang to relax or energize | 160 | 50.3 |
Use Miang to relieve thirst | 65 | 20.4 |
Use Miang as medication | 9 | 2.8 |
Other ** | 19 | 6.0 |
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Chinwong, D.; Charaj, P.; Panitsupakamol, P.; Chankaew, T.; Chinwong, S.; Saenjum, C. Local Wisdom of Miang Lifestyle and Community for Sustainable Development in Northern Thailand. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7381. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13137381
Chinwong D, Charaj P, Panitsupakamol P, Chankaew T, Chinwong S, Saenjum C. Local Wisdom of Miang Lifestyle and Community for Sustainable Development in Northern Thailand. Sustainability. 2021; 13(13):7381. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13137381
Chicago/Turabian StyleChinwong, Dujrudee, Panchana Charaj, Piyatida Panitsupakamol, Tamonwan Chankaew, Surarong Chinwong, and Chalermpong Saenjum. 2021. "Local Wisdom of Miang Lifestyle and Community for Sustainable Development in Northern Thailand" Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7381. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/su13137381