Four- and Five-Carbon Dicarboxylic Acids Present in Secondary Organic Aerosol Produced from Anthropogenic and Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Method
2.1. Chemicals
2.2. Chamber Experiments
2.3. Chemical Analysis
2.4. Calculation Method of fSOAo
2.5. Saturation Concentration
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Saturation Concentration
3.2. Results of fSOA Measurements
3.3. Effect of NOx/Toluene Ratio on fSOA of Toluene-Derived Tracer
3.4. Formation Mechanism of Multifunctional Organic Acids from Toluene
3.5. Atmospheric Implication
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Run | Reactants (conc. in Units of ppm) | Light | SOA (μg·m−3) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | toluene (0.97), H2O2 (20) | On | 29 |
2 | toluene (3.76), H2O2 (20) | On | 80 |
3 | toluene (0.94), NO (0.20), CH3ONO (0.01) | On | 35 |
4 | toluene (1.85), NO (0.19), CH3ONO (0.01) | On | 54 |
5 | toluene (3.76), NO (0.19), CH3ONO (0.01) | On | 77 |
6 | toluene (0.95), NO (0.10), CH3ONO (0.01) | On | 20 |
7 | toluene (0.95), NO (0.46), CH3ONO (0.01) | On | 25 |
8 | toluene (0.96), NO (0.46), CH3ONO (0.5) | On | 106 |
9 | toluene (0.96), NO (0.47), CH3ONO (1) a | On | 233 |
10 | toluene (0.96), NO (0.47), CH3ONO (1) a | On | 123 |
11 | naphthalene (0.49), H2O2 (20) | On | 142 |
12 | naphthalene (0.21), H2O2 (20) | On | 46 |
13 | naphthalene (0.52), NO (0.09), CH3ONO (0.01) | On | 19 |
14 | naphthalene (0.98), NO (0.09), CH3ONO (0.01) | On | 44 |
15 | naphthalene (1.80), NO (0.10), CH3ONO (0.01) | On | 48 |
16 | naphthalene (0.99), NO (0.05), CH3ONO (0.01) | On | 55 |
17 | naphthalene (1.00), NO (0.19), CH3ONO (0.01) | On | 51 |
18 | naphthalene (0.51), NO (0.10), CH3ONO (0.5) | On | 735 |
19 | naphthalene (0.50), NO (0.10), CH3ONO (1) | On | 935 |
20 | α-pinene (0.09), H2O2 (20) | On | 29 |
21 | α-pinene (0.20), NO (0.10), CH3ONO (0.01) | On | 62 |
22 | isoprene (1.91), O3 (3) | Off | 104 |
23 | isoprene (1.85), NO (0.46), CH3ONO (0.01) | On | 29 |
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Sato, K.; Ikemori, F.; Ramasamy, S.; Fushimi, A.; Kumagai, K.; Iijima, A.; Morino, Y. Four- and Five-Carbon Dicarboxylic Acids Present in Secondary Organic Aerosol Produced from Anthropogenic and Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds. Atmosphere 2021, 12, 1703. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/atmos12121703
Sato K, Ikemori F, Ramasamy S, Fushimi A, Kumagai K, Iijima A, Morino Y. Four- and Five-Carbon Dicarboxylic Acids Present in Secondary Organic Aerosol Produced from Anthropogenic and Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds. Atmosphere. 2021; 12(12):1703. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/atmos12121703
Chicago/Turabian StyleSato, Kei, Fumikazu Ikemori, Sathiyamurthi Ramasamy, Akihiro Fushimi, Kimiyo Kumagai, Akihiro Iijima, and Yu Morino. 2021. "Four- and Five-Carbon Dicarboxylic Acids Present in Secondary Organic Aerosol Produced from Anthropogenic and Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds" Atmosphere 12, no. 12: 1703. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/atmos12121703