Simultaneous Quantification of Antioxidants Paraxanthine and Caffeine in Human Saliva by Electrochemical Sensing for CYP1A2 Phenotyping
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemicals
2.2. Apparatus
2.3. Preparation of Working Standards
2.4. Electrochemical Measurements
2.5. Assay Validation for Real Application
2.6. Clinical Study
2.7. Data Analysis and Statistical Evaluation
3. Results
3.1. Influence of Supporting Electrolyte on Voltammetric Behavior of PX and CAF
3.2. Oxidation Mechanism of Paraxanthine on the GC Electrode
3.3. Optimisation of DPV Operating Parameters
3.4. Quantification of PX and CAF in 0.1 M H2SO4 by DPV
3.5. Selectivity Study
3.6. Quantification of PX and CAF in Spiked Human Saliva
3.7. Evaluation of Method with Five Volunteers
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
References
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Analytical Parameter | DPV | |
---|---|---|
PX | CAF | |
Sensitivity (μC/μM) | 2.02 ± 0.06 | 4.55 ± 0.10 |
Intercept (μC) | 7.37 ± 1.95 | −3.67 ± 8.80 |
R2 | 0.994 | 0.996 |
LOD (μM) | 2.89 | 5.80 |
Linear range (μM) | 10–60 | 19–125 |
Analytical Parameter | UHPLC-UV | |
---|---|---|
PX | CAF | |
Sensitivity (AU/μM) | 25.01 ± 0.28 | 31.41 ± 0.41 |
Intercept (AU) | −14.01 ± 9.01 | −39.01 ± 35.01 |
R2 | 0.999 | 0.999 |
LOD (μM) | 1.07 | 3.34 |
Linear range (μM) | 4–60 | 11–125 |
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Anastasiadi, R.-M.; Berti, F.; Colomban, S.; Tavagnacco, C.; Navarini, L.; Resmini, M. Simultaneous Quantification of Antioxidants Paraxanthine and Caffeine in Human Saliva by Electrochemical Sensing for CYP1A2 Phenotyping. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 10. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10010010
Anastasiadi R-M, Berti F, Colomban S, Tavagnacco C, Navarini L, Resmini M. Simultaneous Quantification of Antioxidants Paraxanthine and Caffeine in Human Saliva by Electrochemical Sensing for CYP1A2 Phenotyping. Antioxidants. 2021; 10(1):10. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10010010
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnastasiadi, Rozalia-Maria, Federico Berti, Silvia Colomban, Claudio Tavagnacco, Luciano Navarini, and Marina Resmini. 2021. "Simultaneous Quantification of Antioxidants Paraxanthine and Caffeine in Human Saliva by Electrochemical Sensing for CYP1A2 Phenotyping" Antioxidants 10, no. 1: 10. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10010010