Nutritional Education Is an Effective Tool in Improving Beverage Assortment in Nurseries in Poland
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. General Information about the EHGH Project
2.2. Study Participants
2.3. Evaluation of the Nutritional Education Based on Analysis of Beverages Supply
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. General Characteristics of DCCs
3.2. Beverages Served in Nurseries Before and After Nutritional Education
4. Discussion
Strengths and Limitations of the Study
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Category | Total Number of Nurseries | Public Nurseries | Non-Public Nurseries | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 93) | (n = 48) | (n = 45) | ||
Data on children attending nurseries | ||||
Total number of children: | ||||
N/% | 6099/100 | 4566/75 | 1533/25 | <0.001 * |
Mean ± SD | 66 ± 1.3 | 95 ± 47.4 | 34 ± 24.1 | |
Median; Min—Max | 53; 5–180 | 94; 20–180 | 26; 5–114 | |
Children < 1 year of age: | ||||
N/% | 277/5 | 171/4 | 106/7 | 0.0501 |
Mean ± SD | 3 ± 6.4 | 4 ± 7.2 | 3 ± 5.4 | |
Median; Min—Max | 1; 0–43 | 2; 0–43 | 1; 0–25 | |
Data on nurseries | ||||
Type of catering (a): | ||||
Own kitchen: n/% | 53/57 | 44/92 | 9/20 | <0.001 ** |
Internal catering: n/% | 3/3 | 1/2 | 2/4.5 | |
External catering: n/% | 2/2 | 0/0 | 2/4.5 | |
Mixed (own kitchen and external catering): n/% | 35/38 | 3/6 | 32/71 | |
Financial fee (b): | ||||
Per 1 child/day/PLN (c) | ||||
Mean ± SD | 7.7 ± 3.1 | 5.4 ± 1.6 | 10.1 ± 2.4 | <0.001 * |
Median; Min—Max | 6; 4–15 | 5; 4–12 | 10; 5–15 |
Beverages Offered in Nurseries | Total Number of Nurseries (n = 93) | Public Nurseries (n = 48) | Non-Public Nurseries (n = 45) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Education | Education | Education | |||||||
Before n (%) of Nurseries | After n (%) of Nurseries | p-Value | Before n (%) of Nurseries | After n (%) of Nurseries | p-Value | Before n (%) of Nurseries | After n (%) of Nurseries | p-Value | |
Water available between meals | 89 (96) | 91 (98) | 0.406 | 44 (91) *1 | 47 (98) | 0.168 | 45 (100) | 44 (98) | 0.315 |
Compote | 84 (90) | 86 (92) | 0.601 | 45 (94) | 47 (98) *2 | 0.307 | 39 (87) | 39 (87) | 1 |
Milk | 84 (90) | 79 (85) | 0.791 | 46 (96) | 41 (85) | 0.168 | 38 (84) | 38 (84) | 1 |
Herbal/fruit tea | 75 (81) | 80 (86) | 0.325 | 38 (79) | 40 (83) | 0.601 | 37 (82) | 40 (89) | 0.368 |
Cocoa and coffee substitute | 69 (74) | 75 (81) | 0.292 | 39 (81) | 43 (90) *2 | 0.247 | 30 (67) | 32 (71) | 0.648 |
Tea (regular/black) | 66 (71) | 41 (44) | <0.001 * | 37 (77) | 20 (42) | <0.001 * | 29 (64) | 21 (47) | 0.089 |
Water | 63 (68) | 81 (87) | 0.002 * | 35 (72) | 43 (90) | 0.036 * | 28 (62) | 38 (84) | 0.017 * |
Juice (100% natural) | 32 (34) | 40 (43) | 0.228 | 25 (52) *1 | 33 (69) *2 | 0.094 | 7 (16) | 7 (16) | 1 |
Soft/fruit drink | 18 (19) | 10 (11) | 0.1 | 12 (25) | 5 (10) | 0.061 | 6 (13) | 5 (11) | 0.748 |
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Harton, A.; Myszkowska-Ryciak, J. Nutritional Education Is an Effective Tool in Improving Beverage Assortment in Nurseries in Poland. Healthcare 2021, 9, 274. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare9030274
Harton A, Myszkowska-Ryciak J. Nutritional Education Is an Effective Tool in Improving Beverage Assortment in Nurseries in Poland. Healthcare. 2021; 9(3):274. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare9030274
Chicago/Turabian StyleHarton, Anna, and Joanna Myszkowska-Ryciak. 2021. "Nutritional Education Is an Effective Tool in Improving Beverage Assortment in Nurseries in Poland" Healthcare 9, no. 3: 274. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/healthcare9030274