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Histories, Volume 1, Issue 2 (June 2021) – 3 articles

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16 pages, 1125 KiB  
Article
Spirituality and Conflict in Healthcare: The History of the Canadian Baptists and Medical Mission in Orissa, 1900–1970
by Tiasa Basu Roy
Histories 2021, 1(2), 69-84; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/histories1020011 - 03 Jun 2021
Viewed by 4903
Abstract
It was from the middle of the eighteenth century that discussions regarding the strategies taken up by the Protestant missionaries to propagate the Gospel generated the issue of healthcare and medical facilities among people in India. Medical mission, which hitherto was not considered, [...] Read more.
It was from the middle of the eighteenth century that discussions regarding the strategies taken up by the Protestant missionaries to propagate the Gospel generated the issue of healthcare and medical facilities among people in India. Medical mission, which hitherto was not considered, started to gain importance and reaped positive results in terms of curing individuals and its trustworthiness among tribes residing in the frontier regions. However, this developed a separatist religious identity among the population, which apparently did not appear lethal, but later culminated in the fragmentation and impeachment of solidarity among the adivais (tribal) and vengeance from the Hindu population. This article will show how the Canadian Baptist Mission, with its primary aim of spreading the Kingdom of God among the tribal Savaras in the Ganjam district of Orissa, undertook measures for serving health issues and provided medical facilities to both the caste Oriyas and the tribal Savaras. Although medical activities oriented towards philanthropy and physical well-being, medical mission was not limited to healing illness and caring for all, but also extended to spreading the word of God and influencing the people to embrace Christianity as well, which invited political troubles into the region. Full article
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16 pages, 255 KiB  
Article
Still Asking ‘What Works’: A Punishment Question for the Ages or an Aging Punishment Question?
by Karol Lucken
Histories 2021, 1(2), 53-68; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/histories1020010 - 28 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3471
Abstract
The expectation that punishment be effective at controlling crime is a longstanding convention in the U.S., and no doubt elsewhere. While the history of American punishment has not been shaped entirely by the question of efficacy, it has played a predominant role in [...] Read more.
The expectation that punishment be effective at controlling crime is a longstanding convention in the U.S., and no doubt elsewhere. While the history of American punishment has not been shaped entirely by the question of efficacy, it has played a predominant role in justifying penal policy for over 200 years. The question has become even more salient in policy decision-making of late, as research has begun to certify and consolidate findings on what is effective at reducing recidivism. What is lacking in this ongoing conversation, however, is a critique of this penal policy question and the answers it generates in the form of recidivism rates. The current paper fills this void by interrogating the claims of the evaluation literature, namely that better proof of what is effective is available and that more research is still needed. The questions and findings of 19th, 20th, and 21st Century seekers of what is effective in the American adult penal system are recounted and analyzed using several data sources. They include government reports, professional association meeting minutes, legislative documents, scholarly reports, individual studies, research reviews, and statistical analysis of systematic reviews. Ultimately, an overarching narrative is provided that deepens and challenges our understanding of what is known about what is effective. Full article
1 pages, 133 KiB  
Editorial
Announcement
by Jon Mathieu
Histories 2021, 1(2), 52; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/histories1020009 - 28 Apr 2021
Viewed by 2297
Abstract
It is a great pleasure to announce the first volume of the new open access journal “histories” which will promote historical scholarship with a fresh approach and a robust infrastructure [...] Full article
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