Short-Range Transportation Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) during Disasters in Japan
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. UAV and Test Sites
2.2. Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Trial | Date | Place of Flight | Transported goods |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 29 June 2019 | Tomi | Rucksack (DMAT Equipment) |
2 | 6 July 2019 | Tomi | Rucksack (DMAT Equipment) |
3 | 26 July 2019 | Fujisawa | Rucksack (DMAT Equipment) |
4 | 26 July 2019 | Fujisawa | Rucksack (DMAT Equipment) |
5 | 22 September 2019 | Fujisawa | Self-injection set. (insulin+glucometer) |
6 | 5 October 2019 | Fujisawa | Insulin in the refrigerator |
7 | 20 October 2019 | Tomi | Insulin in the refrigerator |
8 | 28 December 2019 | Tomi | Hardtack (disaster relief food) |
9 | 1 January 2020 | Tomi | Pregelatinized rice (disaster relief food) |
10 | 15 February 2020 | Tomi | Hardtack (disaster relief food) |
11, 12 | 4 April 2020 | Tomi | Automatic external defibrillator (AED) |
Trial | Outdoor Conditions | Flight Information | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Elevation (m) | Weather | Temperature (°C) | Time (m·s) | Transport Goods | Loading Weight (kg) | Set up the Transport Goods | Control Method | Auxiliary Instruction at Goods Grounding | |
1 | 1110 | Cloudy | 24.6 | 2.21 | DMAT Rucksack | 17 | Hung | Manual | Auxiliary Support |
2 | 1060 | Cloudy | 24.1 | Not recorded | DMAT Rucksack | 17 | Hung | Manual | Auxiliary Support |
3 | 35 | Sunny | 32.0 | Not recorded | DMAT Rucksack | 17 | Hung | Manual | Auxiliary Support |
4 | 35 | Sunny | 32.0 | Not recorded | DMAT Rucksack | 17 | Hung | Manual | Auxiliary Support |
5 | 35 | Sunny | 27.1 | 1.40 | Insulin plus glucometer | <1 | Attached | Manual | No support |
6 | 35 | Sunny | 36.2 | 11.7 | Insulin in a refrigerator | <1 | Attached | Automatic | No support |
7 | 1060 | Sunny | 17.4 | 2.22 | Insulin in a refrigerator | <1 | Attached | Automatic | No support |
8 | 1060 | Sunny | –2.3 | 3.30 | Hardtack | 6.8 | Hung | Manual | Auxiliary Support |
9 | 1060 | Sunny | –4.2 | 2.28 | Pregelatinized rice | 13.8 | Hung | Manual | Auxiliary Support |
10 | 1060 | Sunny | 12.3 | 3.35 | Hardtack | 6.8 | Hung | Manual | Auxiliary Support |
11 | 1060 | Sunny | 18.4 | 1.43 | AED | 3.7 | Hung | Manual | Auxiliary Support |
12 | 1060 | Sunny | 18.4 | 1.22 | AED | 3.7 | Hung | Manual | Auxiliary Support |
Transported Good | Trial No. | Result | Comment |
---|---|---|---|
DMAT equipment | 1, 2, 3, 4 | Proven | No problem. |
Insulin | 5, 6, 7 | Proven | Not able to control the temperature perfectly; however, this was not a problem for use. |
Foodstuffs | 8, 9, 10 | Proven | Three types of emergency foods typical in Japan. |
AED | 11, 12 | Proven | It swayed in the wind to an extent that was not a problem. |
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Yakushiji, K.; Fujita, H.; Murata, M.; Hiroi, N.; Hamabe, Y.; Yakushiji, F. Short-Range Transportation Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) during Disasters in Japan. Drones 2020, 4, 68. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/drones4040068
Yakushiji K, Fujita H, Murata M, Hiroi N, Hamabe Y, Yakushiji F. Short-Range Transportation Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) during Disasters in Japan. Drones. 2020; 4(4):68. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/drones4040068
Chicago/Turabian StyleYakushiji, Koki, Hiroshi Fujita, Mikio Murata, Naoki Hiroi, Yuuichi Hamabe, and Fumiatsu Yakushiji. 2020. "Short-Range Transportation Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) during Disasters in Japan" Drones 4, no. 4: 68. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/drones4040068