Impact of Adsorption Layer Properties on Drainage Behavior of Microscopic Foam Films: The Case of Cationic/Nonionic Surfactant Mixtures
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Experimental Techniques
2.2.1. Surface Tension and Dilatational Rheology of Air/Solution Surface
2.2.2. Microinterferometric Thin Liquid Film Technique
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Adsorption Layer Properties
3.1.1. Dynamic and Equilibrium Surface Tension
3.1.2. Surface Dilatational Rheology
3.2. Microscopic Foam Film’s Darinage Characteristics
4. Discussion
- The surface tension data, both dynamic and equilibrium, are generally lower than the values for the single-surfactant aqueous solutions. The only exception is for Cmix ≥ CMCmix;
- The data for the surface dilatational elasticities are considerably higher than in the single-surfactant aqueous solutions, at the same molar concentrations, as the maxima are shifted toward lower Cmix. The surface dilatational viscosities are of the same order of magnitude as in the single-surfactant cases, as the maxima are shifted toward higher Cmix;
- While the microscopic foam films obtained from aqueous solutions of single surfactants reach equilibrium states at higher concentrations (at and above the respective CMCs), all films studied here are unstable, with drainage passing through various stages, and rupture within 1–2 min for the whole concentration range, even at Cmix = 2 × CMCmix.
5. Conclusions
- At low concentrations, the nonionic C12E5 performs as a more surface-active species than CTAC;
- Within the intermediate concentration domain, premicellar entities are formed. Most probably, these premicelles appear consecutively, with the onset of nonionic and then ionic self-assemblies. These species are built up of single LMM surfactants;
- The adsorption layer is composed of a mixture of the LMM surfactants. The layer is not very tightly packed;
- At Cmix ≥ CMCmix, mixed bulk micelles are formed, and these might be more stable than the single-surfactant micelles;
- CTAC presumably plays a more significant role in the control over foam film thickness and stability. This effect is most likely due to the cationic nature of CTAC and the initiation of electrostatic disjoining pressure in the film.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Arabadzhieva, D.; Tchoukov, P.; Mileva, E. Impact of Adsorption Layer Properties on Drainage Behavior of Microscopic Foam Films: The Case of Cationic/Nonionic Surfactant Mixtures. Colloids Interfaces 2020, 4, 53. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/colloids4040053
Arabadzhieva D, Tchoukov P, Mileva E. Impact of Adsorption Layer Properties on Drainage Behavior of Microscopic Foam Films: The Case of Cationic/Nonionic Surfactant Mixtures. Colloids and Interfaces. 2020; 4(4):53. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/colloids4040053
Chicago/Turabian StyleArabadzhieva, Dimi, Plamen Tchoukov, and Elena Mileva. 2020. "Impact of Adsorption Layer Properties on Drainage Behavior of Microscopic Foam Films: The Case of Cationic/Nonionic Surfactant Mixtures" Colloids and Interfaces 4, no. 4: 53. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/colloids4040053