Comprehensive Management of Severe Dental Fluorosis with Adhesively Bonded All-Ceramic Restorations
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Clinical Report
2.1. Intraoral Examination
2.2. Diagnostic Work Up
2.3. Treatment Rendered
2.4. Follow Up
3. Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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TFI | Criteria |
---|---|
0 | Normal translucency of enamel remains after prolonged air-drying. |
1 | Narrow white lines located corresponding to perikymata. |
2 | Smooth surface: Pronounced lines of opacity that follow perikymata. Occasional confluence of adjacent lines. Occlusal surface: scattered areas of opacity <2 mm in diameter and pronounced opacity of cuspal ridges. |
3 | Smooth surface: Merging and irregular cloudy areas of opacity. Accentuated drawing of perikymata often visible between opacities. Occlusal surface: Confluent areas of marked opacity. Worn areas appear almost normal but usually circumscribed by a rim of opaque enamel. |
4 | Smooth surface: Entire surface exhibits marked opacity or appears chalky white. Parts of surface exposed to attrition appear less affected. Occlusal surface: Entire surface exhibits marked opacity. Attrition is often pronounced shortly after eruption. |
5 | Entire surface displays marked opacity with focal loss of outermost enamel (pits) <2 mm in diameter. |
6 | Smooth surface: pits are regularly arranged in horizontal bands <2 mm in vertical extension. Occlusal surface: Confluent areas <3 mm in diameter exhibit loss of enamel. Marked attrition. |
7 | Smooth surface: loss of outermost enamel in irregular areas involving <1/2 of entire surface. Occlusal surface: changes in the morphology caused by merging pits and marked attrition. |
8 | Loss of outermost enamel involving >1/2 of surface. |
9 | Loss of main part of enamel with change in anatomic appearance of surface. Cervical rim of almost unafffected enamel is often noted. |
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Lee, J.D.; Inoue, N.; Lee, C.; Park, S.; Lee, S.J. Comprehensive Management of Severe Dental Fluorosis with Adhesively Bonded All-Ceramic Restorations. Prosthesis 2021, 3, 194-208. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/prosthesis3030020
Lee JD, Inoue N, Lee C, Park S, Lee SJ. Comprehensive Management of Severe Dental Fluorosis with Adhesively Bonded All-Ceramic Restorations. Prosthesis. 2021; 3(3):194-208. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/prosthesis3030020
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Jason D., Natalie Inoue, Christine Lee, Sohyun Park, and Sang J. Lee. 2021. "Comprehensive Management of Severe Dental Fluorosis with Adhesively Bonded All-Ceramic Restorations" Prosthesis 3, no. 3: 194-208. https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/prosthesis3030020