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Actuators
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Piezoelectric and Electrostrictive Materials in Mechatronics, Precision Engineering and Vibration...
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Piezoelectric and Electrostrictive Materials in Mechatronics, Precision Engineering and Vibration Control

A special issue of Actuators (ISSN 2076-0825). This special issue belongs to the section "Actuator Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2022) | Viewed by 22816

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. André Preumont

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, Active Structures Laboratory, Department of Control Engineering and System Analysis, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 50 Av. F.D.Roosevelt CP165/55, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
Interests: structural dynamics; vibration control; large space structures; adaptive optics; flapping wing robots
Dr. Kainan Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology, School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Luoyu Road 129, Wuhan, China
Interests: adaptive/active optics in telescopes; active damping and vibration control; piezoelectric deformable mirrors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Haim Abramovich

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Aerospace Structures Laboratory, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
Interests: smart structures technologies; structural mechanics and energy harvesting using piezoelectric and pyroelectric materials; static and dynamic stability of thin walled structures; laminated composite structures; dynamic buckling of thin walled structures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Piezoelectric and electrostrictive materials are considered the most mature among smart materials used in mechatronics, precision engineering, and vibration control. They include poly-crystal and mono-crystal ceramics (PZT, PMN-PT), polymers (PVDF, PVDF-TrFE, etc.) as well as composites (MFC). They offer high resolution and high bandwidth, they are suitable for mass manufacturing, and they can be used as thin films.

This Special Issue will gather papers on modeling, control, and applications related to:

  • Precision engineering;
  • MEMS;
  • Position and shape control;
  • Adaptive structures for space;
  • Vibration control (active isolation, active damping, and semi-active damping);
  • Aeroelasticity;
  • Energy transformer and energy harvesting.

Prof. Dr. André Preumont
Dr. Kainan Wang
Prof. Dr. Haim Abramovich
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Actuators is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Piezoelectric material
  • Electrostrictive material
  • Piezoelectric polymer
  • Precision control
  • Adaptive structures
  • Active vibration control
  • Semi-active vibration control
  • Energy transformer
  • Energy harvesting
  • Multilayer piezoelectric composites
  • Aeroelasticity

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 2029 KiB  
Article
Wavefront Control Strategies for Large Active Thin Shell Primaries with Unimorph Actuators
by Kainan Wang, Yian Yu and André Preumont
Actuators 2023, 12(3), 100; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/act12030100 - 24 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1356
Abstract
This paper presents various aspects of the wavefront control strategies for an ultra-lightweight composite reflector made of polymers for the large primary of a space telescope, and the shape control is made by a set of patterned unimorph strain actuators attached to the [...] Read more.
This paper presents various aspects of the wavefront control strategies for an ultra-lightweight composite reflector made of polymers for the large primary of a space telescope, and the shape control is made by a set of patterned unimorph strain actuators attached to the reflector. It starts with an analytical investigation of the mechanical behaviors of a strain-actuated curved shell, resulting in the accurate prediction of typical features, such as the damped wave deformation at the transition between electrodes and the limited morphing amplitude of a “print-through” actuation, which indicates that the curvature-induced rigidity deteriorates the performances of the forming accuracy of the active reflector and the morphing stroke of the actuators. The morphing capabilities are evaluated with both petal-like segmented and monolithic configured reflectors by numerical tests on forming target shapes of Zernike modes with various patternings of electrodes, and the structural dynamics are examined. Finally, a compound control strategy is proposed, which uses a deformable relay mirror to compensate for the residual surface error corrected partially by the active unimorph primary mirror, showing a great relaxation of the shape error budget of the thin-shell primary, especially for on-axis observation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric and Electrostrictive Materials in Mechatronics, Precision Engineering and Vibration Control)
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12 pages, 2016 KiB  
Article
Adaptive Deployable Thin Spherical Shell Reflectors
by Carl Johan G. Nielsen, Dalong Tian, Kainan Wang and André Preumont
Actuators 2022, 11(7), 198; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/act11070198 - 18 Jul 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1682
Abstract
This paper begins with a quick survey of potential space applications and a brief review of previous experiments on the shape control of a spherical shell reflector with a thin film of PVDF-TrFE. Next, the problem of thermal sensitivity is addressed numerically; it [...] Read more.
This paper begins with a quick survey of potential space applications and a brief review of previous experiments on the shape control of a spherical shell reflector with a thin film of PVDF-TrFE. Next, the problem of thermal sensitivity is addressed numerically; it is found that, because of the large thermal expansion of the active material, the surface figure error generated by a linear thermal gradient on a unimorph reflector is considerable and its correction requires large control voltages. The surface figure accuracy can be greatly improved by a balanced design (i.e., adding a passive layer symmetrical to the PVDF-TrFE layer) and using a low CTE substrate. Finally, the paper considers a petal reflector; the unimorph design is even more sensitive than the full reflector to the thermal gradient, but the balanced design turns out to be better than the full reflector, both from the point of view of the surface figure error and the control voltages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric and Electrostrictive Materials in Mechatronics, Precision Engineering and Vibration Control)
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13 pages, 5644 KiB  
Article
Design and Characterization of a Planar Motor Drive Platform Based on Piezoelectric Hemispherical Shell Resonators
by Frank Schiele and Bernd Gundelsweiler
Actuators 2021, 10(8), 187; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/act10080187 - 06 Aug 2021
Viewed by 2167
Abstract
In this study, a planar ultrasonic motor platform is presented that uses three half-side excited piezoelectric hemispherical shell resonators. To understand the working principle and the harmonic vibration behavior of the piezoelectric resonator, the trajectory of the friction contact was measured in free-oscillating [...] Read more.
In this study, a planar ultrasonic motor platform is presented that uses three half-side excited piezoelectric hemispherical shell resonators. To understand the working principle and the harmonic vibration behavior of the piezoelectric resonator, the trajectory of the friction contact was measured in free-oscillating mode at varying excitation frequencies and voltages. The driving performance of the platform was characterized with transport loads up to 5 kg that also serve as an influencing downforce for the friction motor. The working range for various transport loads and electrical voltages up to 30 V is presented. Undesirable noise and parasitic oscillations occur above the detected excitation voltage ranges, depending on the downforce. Therefore, minimum and maximum values of the excitation voltage are reported, in which the propulsion force and the speed of the planar motor can be adjusted, and noiseless motion applies. The multidimensional driving capacity of the platform is demonstrated in two orthogonal axes and one rotary axis in open-loop driving mode, by measuring forces and velocities to confirm its suitability as a planar motor concept. The maximum measured propulsion force of the motor was 7 N with a transport load of 5 kg, and its maximum measured velocity was 77 mm/s with a transport load of 3 kg. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric and Electrostrictive Materials in Mechatronics, Precision Engineering and Vibration Control)
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14 pages, 4171 KiB  
Article
Data-Driven Tuning of PID Controlled Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Motor
by Sarah Makarem, Bülent Delibas and Burhanettin Koc
Actuators 2021, 10(7), 148; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/act10070148 - 29 Jun 2021
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 4778
Abstract
Ultrasonic motors employ resonance to amplify the vibrations of piezoelectric actuator, offering precise positioning and relatively long travel distances and making them ideal for robotic, optical, metrology and medical applications. As operating in resonance and force transfer through friction lead to nonlinear characteristics [...] Read more.
Ultrasonic motors employ resonance to amplify the vibrations of piezoelectric actuator, offering precise positioning and relatively long travel distances and making them ideal for robotic, optical, metrology and medical applications. As operating in resonance and force transfer through friction lead to nonlinear characteristics like creep and hysteresis, it is difficult to apply model-based control, so data-driven control offers a good alternative. Data-driven techniques are used here for iterative feedback tuning of a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller parameters and comparing between different motor driving techniques, single source and dual source dual frequency (DSDF). The controller and stage system used are both produced by the company Physik Instrumente GmbH, where a PID controller is tuned with the help of four search methods: grid search, Luus–Jaakola method, genetic algorithm, and a new hybrid method developed that combines elements of grid search and Luus–Jaakola method. The latter method was found to be quick to converge and produced consistent result, similar to the Luus–Jaakola method. Genetic Algorithm was much slower and produced sub optimal results. The grid search has also proven the DSDF driving method to be robust, less parameter dependent, and produces far less integral position error than the single source driving method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric and Electrostrictive Materials in Mechatronics, Precision Engineering and Vibration Control)
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21 pages, 4972 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Novel Seismic Protection Devices to Attenuate the Earthquake Induced Energy
by Osman Hansu and Esra Mete Güneyisi
Actuators 2021, 10(4), 73; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/act10040073 - 07 Apr 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2522
Abstract
This study addresses an alternative use of viscous dampers (VDs) associated with buckling restrained braces (BRBs) as innovative seismic protection devices. For this purpose, 4-, 8- and 12-story steel bare frames were designed with 6.5 m equal span length and 4 m story [...] Read more.
This study addresses an alternative use of viscous dampers (VDs) associated with buckling restrained braces (BRBs) as innovative seismic protection devices. For this purpose, 4-, 8- and 12-story steel bare frames were designed with 6.5 m equal span length and 4 m story height. Thereafter, they were seismically improved by mounting the VDs and BRBs in three patterns, namely outer bays, inner bays, and all bays over the frame heights. The structures were modeled using SAP 2000 software and evaluated by the nonlinear time history analyses subjected to the six natural ground motions. The seismic responses of the structures were investigated for the lateral displacement, interstory drift, absolute acceleration, maximum base shear, and time history of roof displacement. The results clearly indicated that the VDs and BRBs reduced seismic demands significantly compared to the bare frame. Moreover, the all-bay pattern performed better than the others. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric and Electrostrictive Materials in Mechatronics, Precision Engineering and Vibration Control)
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23 pages, 8914 KiB  
Article
XYZ Micropositioning System Based on Compliance Mechanisms Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing
by Andres Ferrara-Bello, Pedro Vargas-Chable, Gerardo Vera-Dimas, Rafael Vargas-Bernal and Margarita Tecpoyotl-Torres
Actuators 2021, 10(4), 68; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/act10040068 - 28 Mar 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4323
Abstract
This article presents the design and implementation of a micropositioning system actuated by three piezoelectric stacks to control its displacements on XYZ axes. The use of conventional piezoelectric buzzers allows us to reduce fabrication costs. The working or mobile platform is the base [...] Read more.
This article presents the design and implementation of a micropositioning system actuated by three piezoelectric stacks to control its displacements on XYZ axes. The use of conventional piezoelectric buzzers allows us to reduce fabrication costs. The working or mobile platform is the base for objects that will be manipulated, for example, in automated assembling. The micropositioner can be integrated into a microgripper to generate a complete manipulation system. For micropositioner fabrication, at first, Polylactic Acid (PLA) was chosen as the structural material, but after simulation and some experimental tests performed with a micropositioner made of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), it showed larger displacement (approx. 20%) due to its lower stiffness. A third test was performed with a positioner made with Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG), obtaining an intermediate performance. The originality of this work resides in the geometrical arrangement based on thermoplastic polymer compliance mechanisms, as well as in the use of additive manufacturing to fabricate it. An experimental setup was developed to carry out experimental tests. ANSYS™ was used for simulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric and Electrostrictive Materials in Mechatronics, Precision Engineering and Vibration Control)
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17 pages, 2155 KiB  
Article
Electrostrictive PVDF-TrFE Thin Film Actuators for the Control of Adaptive Thin Shell Reflectors
by Kainan Wang, Thomas Godfroid, Damien Robert and André Preumont
Actuators 2020, 9(3), 53; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/act9030053 - 17 Jul 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4206
Abstract
This paper presents the technology to control the shape of thin polymer doubly curved shell structures with a unimorph layer of strain actuators to achieve high quality, light-weight, foldable space reflectors. The selected active material is PVDF-TrFE deposited by spin coating; it is [...] Read more.
This paper presents the technology to control the shape of thin polymer doubly curved shell structures with a unimorph layer of strain actuators to achieve high quality, light-weight, foldable space reflectors. The selected active material is PVDF-TrFE deposited by spin coating; it is electrostrictive, isotropic and enjoys an excellent piezoelectric coefficient d 31 ≃ 15 pC/N when properly annealed, but has a nonlinear, quadratic behavior. The strain actuation is controlled by an array of segmented electrodes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the material properties achieved in the manufacturing process. A simple, unidirectional model of electrostrictive material is considered and the material constants (electrostrictive constant Q 33 , piezoelectric constant d 31 , spontaneous polarization P s and poling strain S P ) are estimated from various static and dynamic experiments. The final part of the paper illustrates the control authority on a small demonstrator with seven independent electrodes and compares the experimental results with numerical finite element simulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Piezoelectric and Electrostrictive Materials in Mechatronics, Precision Engineering and Vibration Control)
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