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Animals
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Domestic and Wild Species Interaction: from Genotype to Phenotype
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Domestic and Wild Species Interaction: from Genotype to Phenotype

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Ecology and Conservation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 9981

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mario Barbato

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Facoltà di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
Interests: livestock genomics; adaptive introgression; domestication
Dr. Laura Iacolina

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, Glagoljaška 8, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia
Interests: hybridization; wildlife genetics; wildlife management

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hybridisation among related species is increasingly studied due to its role in the adaptation, evolution, and diversification of species. Habitat degradation and livestock translocation have been reported to promote hybridisation between domestic species and their wild counterparts. The effects of such genetic admixture can lead to very different consequences: they can provide adaptive features or lead to the erosion of genetic diversity; they can disrupt adaptation processes or introduce beneficial traits for survival or economic purposes.

We pose three main questions to approach such a multifaceted scenario:

  • How the livestock x wildlife interaction is going to affect the distribution and survival of wild species (competition/fertility/quality traits)?
  • Processes related to animal behaviour, ecological features or demography might influence the level of genetic diversity of populations. What are the genetic consequences of livestock x wildlife interaction?
  • How the livestock x wildlife interaction affects the distribution of diseases and survival of individuals (sensitivity/resistance)?

We welcome contributions related, but not limited, to the effect of wild x domestic interaction, in order to realise a Special Issue that extends on the current knowledge of the topic and will inspire future research.

Dr. Mario Barbato
Dr. Laura Iacolina
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Conservation
  • Hybridisation
  • Health
  • Adaptive Introgression
  • Reproduction

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2278 KiB  
Article
Hybridization between Alpine Ibex and Domestic Goat in the Alps: A Sporadic and Localized Phenomenon?
by Barbara Moroni, Alice Brambilla, Luca Rossi, Pier Giuseppe Meneguz, Bruno Bassano and Paolo Tizzani
Animals 2022, 12(6), 751; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani12060751 - 17 Mar 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3450
Abstract
The Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) is a mountain ungulate living in the European Alps. Although being currently classified as a species of Least Concern (LC) by the IUCN, a potential threat for its long-term conservation is introgression following hybridization with domestic [...] Read more.
The Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) is a mountain ungulate living in the European Alps. Although being currently classified as a species of Least Concern (LC) by the IUCN, a potential threat for its long-term conservation is introgression following hybridization with domestic goats (Capra hircus). Hybridization has been documented in Switzerland in captive and free ranging animals, although accurate data to assess the extent of this phenomenon in natural conditions in the Alps are lacking. Using an online survey and a network of experts, we collected and mapped unpublished evidence of hybridization events that occurred between Alpine ibex and feral domestic goats from 2000 to 2021. The results of this study showed that hybrids are distributed in most of the Alpine countries, and their presence is not a sporadic event, with some clusters including 4–20 probable hybrids. Our results illustrated the need for establishing a standardized and effective protocol to identify hybrids in the field (such as a formal description of the morphological traits characterizing hybrids), as well as clear guidelines for hybrid management. Even more importantly, this study also highlighted the need for actions aimed at avoiding hybridization, such as the effective management of domestic herds grazing in Alpine ibex core areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Domestic and Wild Species Interaction: from Genotype to Phenotype)
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19 pages, 1735 KiB  
Article
Genomic Evidence for Rare Hybridization and Large Demographic Changes in the Evolutionary Histories of Four North American Dove Species
by Flor Hernández, Joshua I. Brown, Marissa Kaminski, Michael G. Harvey and Philip Lavretsky
Animals 2021, 11(9), 2677; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani11092677 - 13 Sep 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3146
Abstract
Introductions and invasions provide opportunities for interaction and hybridization between colonists and closely related native species. We investigate this phenomenon using the mitochondrial DNA COI and 81,416 base-pairs of overlapping nuclear variation to examine the evolutionary histories and signatures of hybridization among introduced [...] Read more.
Introductions and invasions provide opportunities for interaction and hybridization between colonists and closely related native species. We investigate this phenomenon using the mitochondrial DNA COI and 81,416 base-pairs of overlapping nuclear variation to examine the evolutionary histories and signatures of hybridization among introduced feral Rock Pigeon and Eurasian Collared-Dove and native White-winged and Mourning doves in southwestern North America. First, we report all four species to be highly divergent across loci (overall pair-wise species ΦST range = 0.17–0.70) and provide little evidence for gene flow at evolutionary timescales. Despite this, evidence from multiple population genetics analyses supports the presence of six putative contemporary late-stage hybrids among the 182 sampled individuals. These putative hybrids contain various ancestry combinations, but all involve the most populous species, the Mourning Dove. Next, we use a novel method to reconstruct demographic changes through time using partial genome sequence data. We identify recent, species-specific fluctuations in population size that are likely associated with changing environments since the Miocene and suggest that these fluctuations have influenced the genetic diversity of each dove species in ways that may impact their future persistence. Finally, we discuss the importance of using multiple marker types when attempting to infer complex evolutionary histories and propose important considerations when analyzing populations that were recently established or of domestic origins. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Domestic and Wild Species Interaction: from Genotype to Phenotype)
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11 pages, 1468 KiB  
Brief Report
Sperm Nuclei Analysis and Nuclear Organization of a Fertile Boar–Pig Hybrid by 2D FISH on Both Total and Motile Sperm Fractions
by Viviana Genualdo, Federica Turri, Flavia Pizzi, Bianca Castiglioni, Donata Marletta and Alessandra Iannuzzi
Animals 2021, 11(3), 738; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/ani11030738 - 08 Mar 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2094
Abstract
A wide range of mammalian hybrids has recently been found by chance or through population-screening programs, but studies about their fertilizing capacity remain scarce and incomplete. Most of them are assumed to be sterile due to meiotic arrest caused by the failure of [...] Read more.
A wide range of mammalian hybrids has recently been found by chance or through population-screening programs, but studies about their fertilizing capacity remain scarce and incomplete. Most of them are assumed to be sterile due to meiotic arrest caused by the failure of chromosome pairings. In this study, we evaluated both sperm meiotic segregation, by 2D fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis, and sperm quality (Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay) by flow cytometer in a fertile boar–pig hybrid (2n = 37,XY) originating from a Nero Siciliano pig breed (Sus scrofa domesticus) and a wild boar (Sus scrofa ferus). Spermatozoa were also separated by a dual-layer (75–60%) discontinuous Percoll gradient, resulting in two fractions with a significantly better overall quality in the motile sperm fraction. These data were confirmed by FISH analysis also, where the frequencies of spermatozoa with a regular chromosome composition were 27% in total sperm fraction and 64% in motile sperm fraction. We also evaluated the nuclear architecture in all counted spermatozoa, showing a chromatin distribution changing when chromosome abnormalities occur. Our results demonstrate that the chromosome pairing has a minimal effect on the sperm segregation and semen quality of a boar–pig hybrid, making it fertile and harmful for the conservation of autochthonous pig breeds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Domestic and Wild Species Interaction: from Genotype to Phenotype)
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