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Antibiotics
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Global Spread of Antibiotics
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Global Spread of Antibiotics

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 15079

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Meritxell García-Quintanilla

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
Interests: antibiotics; molecular microbiology; bacterial antibiotic resistance; antibiotic resistance; antimicrobials; general microbiology microbial molecular biology; bacteriology; antimicrobial resistance microbial isolation;alternative therapies; phage therapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The global spread of antibiotic resistance is a serious threat to public healthcare. The spread of plasmid-mediated resistances is common in natural and clinical environments. Reducing antibiotic use alone is likely insufficient for diminishing resistance. The lack of new antibiotics has become worrisome; however, other non-antibiotic therapies alone or combined with antibiotics have emerged as alternatives against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

This Special Issue of Antibiotics deals with these topics. The issue welcomes original research papers, short communications, reviews, case reports, and perspectives.

Potential topics for this Special Issue include but are not limited to:

  • Mechanisms and/or causes for antibiotic spread;
  • Reservoirs of resistant bacteria;
  • Epidemiology of antibiotic-resistant species;
  • Novel strategies and/or treatments to diminish global spread of antibiotics.

Dr. Meritxell García-Quintanilla
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antibiotic spread
  • epidemiology of resistant strains
  • reservoirs of resistant strains
  • novel treatments
  • mechanisms of resistance

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

10 pages, 508 KiB  
Article
Heparin-Binding Protein (HBP), Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) and S100 Calcium-Binding Protein B (S100B) Can Confirm Bacterial Meningitis and Inform Adequate Antibiotic Treatment
by Maria Obreja, Egidia Gabriela Miftode, Iulian Stoleriu, Daniela Constantinescu, Andrei Vâță, Daniela Leca, Corina Maria Cianga, Olivia Simona Dorneanu, Mariana Pavel-Tanasa and Petru Cianga
Antibiotics 2022, 11(6), 824; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics11060824 - 19 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2160
Abstract
The empirical administration of antibiotics for suspected bacterial meningitis denotes a poor bacterial stewardship. In this context, the use of biomarkers can distinguish between bacterial and viral infections before deciding treatment. Our study assesses how levels of heparin-binding protein (HBP), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [...] Read more.
The empirical administration of antibiotics for suspected bacterial meningitis denotes a poor bacterial stewardship. In this context, the use of biomarkers can distinguish between bacterial and viral infections before deciding treatment. Our study assesses how levels of heparin-binding protein (HBP), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and in blood can promptly confirm bacterial etiology and the need for antibiotic treatment. The CSF and blood levels of HBP, NGAL, S100B, and NSE of 81 patients with meningitis were measured and analyzed comparatively. Statistical sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were evaluated. CSF levels of HBP and NGAL and the blood level of S100B in the bacterial meningitis group were significantly higher (p < 0.05). The area under curve (AUC) for predicting bacterial meningitis was excellent for the CSF level of HBP (0.808 with 93.54% sensitivity and 80.64% specificity), good for the CSF level of NGAL (0.685 with 75.00% sensitivity and 65.62% specificity), and good for the blood level of S100B (0.652 with 65.90% sensitivity and 57.14% specificity). CSF levels of HBP and NGAL, as well as the blood level of S100B, could help discriminate between bacterial and viral meningitis before considering antibiotic treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Spread of Antibiotics)
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14 pages, 2854 KiB  
Article
Epidemiology of Antibiotic Resistant Pathogens in Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections as a Tool to Develop a Prediction Model for Early Detection of Drug-Specific Resistance
by Francesca Bagnasco, Giorgio Piaggio, Alessio Mesini, Marcello Mariani, Chiara Russo, Carolina Saffioti, Giuseppe Losurdo, Candida Palmero and Elio Castagnola
Antibiotics 2022, 11(6), 720; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics11060720 - 26 May 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1771
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is an increasing problem, especially in children with urinary tract infections. Rates of drug-specific resistant pathogens were reported, and an easy prediction model to guide the clinical decision-making process for antibiotic treatment was proposed. Data on microbiological isolation from urinoculture, between [...] Read more.
Antibiotic resistance is an increasing problem, especially in children with urinary tract infections. Rates of drug-specific resistant pathogens were reported, and an easy prediction model to guide the clinical decision-making process for antibiotic treatment was proposed. Data on microbiological isolation from urinoculture, between January 2007–December 2018 at Istituto Gaslini, Italy, in patients aged <19 years were extracted. Logistic regression-based prediction scores were calculated. Discrimination was determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve; calibration was assessed by the Hosmer and Lemeshow test and the Spiegelhalterz test. A total of 9449 bacterial strains were isolated in 6207 patients; 27.2% were <6 months old at the first episode. Enterobacteriales (Escherichia coli and other Enterobacteriales) accounted for 80.4% of all isolates. Amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) and cefixime (CFI) Enterobacteriales resistance was 32.8% and 13.7%, respectively, and remained quite stable among the different age groups. On the contrary, resistance to ciprofloxacin (CIP) (overall 9.6%) and cotrimoxazole (SXT) (overall 28%) increased with age. After multivariable analysis, resistance to AMC/CFI could be predicted by the following: sex; age at sampling; department of admission; previous number of bacterial pathogens isolated. Resistance to CIP/SXT could be predicted by the same factors, excluding sex. The models achieved very good calibration but moderate discrimination performance. Specific antibiotic resistance among Enterobacteriales could be predicted using the proposed scoring system to guide empirical antibiotic choice. Further studies are needed to validate this tool. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Spread of Antibiotics)
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14 pages, 839 KiB  
Article
Epidemiology of Plasmids in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with Acquired Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Genes Isolated from Chronic Wounds in Ghana
by Frederik Pankok, Stefan Taudien, Denise Dekker, Thorsten Thye, Kwabena Oppong, Charity Wiafe Akenten, Maike Lamshöft, Anna Jaeger, Martin Kaase, Simone Scheithauer, Konstantin Tanida, Hagen Frickmann, Jürgen May and Ulrike Loderstädt
Antibiotics 2022, 11(5), 689; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics11050689 - 19 May 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2436
Abstract
Little information is available on the local epidemiology of mobile genetic elements such as plasmids harboring acquired beta-lactamase genes in Western African Ghana. In the present study, we screened for plasmids in three Escherichia coli and four Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates expressing extended spectrum [...] Read more.
Little information is available on the local epidemiology of mobile genetic elements such as plasmids harboring acquired beta-lactamase genes in Western African Ghana. In the present study, we screened for plasmids in three Escherichia coli and four Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates expressing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) mediated by the blaCTX-M-15 gene from chronically infected wounds of Ghanaian patients. Bacterial isolates were subjected to combined short-read and long-read sequencing to obtain the sequences of their respective plasmids. In the blaCTX-M-15-gene-carrying plasmids of the four ESBL-positive K. pneumoniae isolates, IncFIB/IncFII (n = 3) and FIA (n = 1) sequences were detected, while in the blaCTX-M-15-gene-carrying plasmids of the three ESBL-positive E. coli isolates, IncFIA/IncFIB (n = 2) and IncFIB (n = 1) sequences were found. The three IncFIB/IncFII sequence-containing plasmids were almost identical to a K. pneumoniae plasmid reported from France. They belonged to the clonal lineages ST17, ST36 and ST39 of K. pneumoniae, suggesting transversal spread of this obviously evolutionary successful plasmid in Ghana. Other resistance gene-encoding plasmids observed in the assessed Enterobacterales harbored IncFIA/IncR and IncFII sequences. International spread was confirmed by the high genetic similarity to resistance-mediating plasmids published from Asia, Australia, Europe and Northern America, including a blaCTX-M-15-gene-carrying plasmid isolated from a wild bird in Germany. In conclusion, the study contributed to the scarcely available information on the epidemiology of third-generation cephalosporine resistance-mediating plasmids in Ghana. Furthermore, the global spread of resistance-mediating plasmids provided hints on the evolutionary success of individual resistance-harboring plasmids by transversal spread among K. pneumoniae lineages in Ghana. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Spread of Antibiotics)
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13 pages, 1210 KiB  
Article
Distribution of Carbapenemase Genes among Carbapenem-Non-Susceptible Acinetobacter baumanii Blood Isolates in Indonesia: A Multicenter Study
by Dewi Anggraini, Dewi Santosaningsih, Yulia Rosa Saharman, Pepy Dwi Endraswari, Cahyarini Cahyarini, Leli Saptawati, Zinatul Hayati, Helmia Farida, Cherry Siregar, Munawaroh Pasaribu, Heriyannis Homenta, Enty Tjoa, Novira Jasmin, Rosantia Sarassari, Wahyu Setyarini, Usman Hadi and Kuntaman Kuntaman
Antibiotics 2022, 11(3), 366; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics11030366 - 09 Mar 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2779
Abstract
Carbapenem non-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii (CNSAB) is an important pathogen that causes nosocomial bacteremia among critically ill patients worldwide. The magnitude of antibiotic resistance of A. baumanii in Indonesia is expected to be significant; however, the data available are limited. The aim of this [...] Read more.
Carbapenem non-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii (CNSAB) is an important pathogen that causes nosocomial bacteremia among critically ill patients worldwide. The magnitude of antibiotic resistance of A. baumanii in Indonesia is expected to be significant; however, the data available are limited. The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic profiles of CNSAB isolates from patients with bacteremia in Indonesia. CNSAB isolates from blood cultures of bacteremia patients in 12 hospitals in Indonesia were included. The blood cultures were conducted using the BacT/Alert or BACTEC automated system. The CNSAB were identified with either Vitek 2 system or Phoenix platform followed by a confirmation test using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, targeting the specific gyrB gene. The carbapenemase genes were detected by multiplex PCR. In total, 110 CNSAB isolates were collected and were mostly resistant to nearly all antibiotic classes. The majority of CNSAB isolates were susceptible to tigecycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), 45.5% and 38.2%, respectively. The blaOXA-51-like gene was identified in all CNSAB isolates. Out of the total, 83.6% of CNSAB isolates had blaOXA-23-like gene, 37.3% blaOXA-24-like gene, 4.5% blaNDM-1 gene, 0.9% blaIMP-1 gene, and 0.9% blaVIM gene. No blaOXA-48-like gene was identified. The blaOXA-23-like gene was the predominant gene in all except two hospitals. The presence of the blaOXA-24-like gene was associated with resistance to tigecycline, amikacin, TMP-SMX and cefoperazone-sulbactam, while blaOXA-23-like gene was associated with resistance to TMP-SMX and cefoperazone-sulbactam. In conclusion, the blaOXA-23-like gene was the predominant gene among CNSAB isolates throughout Indonesia. A continuous national surveillance system needs to be established to further monitor the genetic profiles of CNSAB in Indonesia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Spread of Antibiotics)
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15 pages, 2410 KiB  
Article
Comprehensive Analysis of Imipenemase (IMP)-Type Metallo-β-Lactamase: A Global Distribution Threatening Asia
by Pisut Pongchaikul and Paninee Mongkolsuk
Antibiotics 2022, 11(2), 236; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics11020236 - 11 Feb 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2928
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance, particularly beta-lactam resistance, is a major problem worldwide. Imipenemase or IMP-type metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) has become a more prominent enzyme, especially in Asia, since it was discovered in the 1990s in Japan. There are currently 88 variants of IMP-type enzymes. The most [...] Read more.
Antibiotic resistance, particularly beta-lactam resistance, is a major problem worldwide. Imipenemase or IMP-type metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) has become a more prominent enzyme, especially in Asia, since it was discovered in the 1990s in Japan. There are currently 88 variants of IMP-type enzymes. The most commonly identified variant of IMP-type enzymes is IMP−1 variant. IMP-type MBLs have been detected in more than ten species in Enterobacterales. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most frequent carrier of IMP-type enzymes worldwide. In Asia, IMP-type MBLs have been distributed in many countries. This work investigated a variety of currently available IMP-type MBLs at both a global level and a regional level. Out of 88 variants of IMP-type MBLs reported worldwide, only 32 variants were found to have susceptibility profiles. Most of the bacterial isolates carrying IMP-type MBLs were resistant to Carbapenems, especially Imipenem and Meropenem, followed by the 3rd-generation cephalosporins, and interestingly, monobactams. Our results comprehensively indicated the distribution of IMP-type MBLs in Asia and raised the awareness of the situation of antimicrobial resistance in the region. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Spread of Antibiotics)
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Review

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16 pages, 352 KiB  
Review
Alternatives to Antibiotics against Mycobacterium abscessus
by Antonio Broncano-Lavado, Abrar Senhaji-Kacha, Guillermo Santamaría-Corral, Jaime Esteban and Meritxell García-Quintanilla
Antibiotics 2022, 11(10), 1322; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics11101322 - 28 Sep 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2305
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus complex is extremely difficult to treat. Intrinsic and acquired bacterial resistance makes this species one of the most challenging pathogens and treatments last from months to years, associated with potential risky antibiotic toxicity and a high number of failures. Nonantibiotic antimicrobial [...] Read more.
Mycobacterium abscessus complex is extremely difficult to treat. Intrinsic and acquired bacterial resistance makes this species one of the most challenging pathogens and treatments last from months to years, associated with potential risky antibiotic toxicity and a high number of failures. Nonantibiotic antimicrobial agents against this microorganism have recently been studied so as to offer an alternative to current drugs. This review summarizes recent research on different strategies such as host modulation using stem cells, photodynamic therapy, antibiofilm therapy, phage therapy, nanoparticles, vaccines and antimicrobial peptides against M. abscessus both in vitro and in vivo. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Spread of Antibiotics)
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