Antimicrobial Properties of Phytocomplexes and Isolated Compounds

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant-Derived Antibiotics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2022) | Viewed by 13893

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Infectious diseases are a global burden that has been worsening in recent years due to the development of species resistant to multiple antibiotics. Therefore, the identification of antimicrobial agents of high potency which are active against MDR microorganisms is fundamental to overcome this issue. 

Several plants and plant extracts have a long history of human usage in many countries for the treatment of pathologies due to infections, and they may represent important sources of active molecules with a great therapeutic potential and lesser side effects than conventional antibiotics.

Phytocomplexes’ antimicrobial activity often result from several molecules acting in synergy, and the clinical effects may be due to direct effects against microorganisms and indirect effects on the host immune system. When the phytocomplex has a direct strong antimicrobial activity that is not maintained with any of the isolated compounds, it should be considered for nutraceutical purposes. In the other cases, the medicinal plant may provide novel drug leads with antimicrobial activity.

Accordingly, it is desirable to promote scientific research where modern methods are applied to herbal medicines to identify phytocomplexes and isolated compounds which are active against MDR microorganisms, and molecular mechanisms should be defined.

This Special Issue is gathering manuscript submissions to increase the knowledge about the effects of phytocomplexes against microorganisms and to augment the number of leads that may be further studied in order to obtain new antibiotics which are also active against MDR microorganisms.

Submissions of studies about the antimicrobial effects of phytocomplexes and isolated compounds, where the possible synergistic effects of natural compounds with conventional antibiotics are also investigated, are most welcome.

Dr. Matteo Micucci
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • MDR
  • antibiotics
  • phytocomplex
  • isolated compounds
  • polyphenols
  • tannins
  • flavonoids
  • coumarins
  • terpenes
  • alkaloids
  • antimicrobial
  • nutraceuticals
  • multitarget

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 3100 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Antivirulence Activity of Pulverulentone A, a Phloroglucinol-Derivative from Callistemon citrinus Leaf Extract, against Multi-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
by Maha M. Ismail, Mariam Hassan, Sawsan S. Moawad, Mona M. Okba, Rehab M. Ashour, Nesrin M. Fayek and Fatema R. Saber
Antibiotics 2021, 10(8), 907; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics10080907 - 25 Jul 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2634
Abstract
(1) Background: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a global life-threatening issue. Antivirulence therapy is a promising approach to combat bacterial infections as it disarms the bacteria from their virulence factors with reduced selective pressure and a lower chance of resistance. (2) Methods: Callistemon [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a global life-threatening issue. Antivirulence therapy is a promising approach to combat bacterial infections as it disarms the bacteria from their virulence factors with reduced selective pressure and a lower chance of resistance. (2) Methods: Callistemon citrinus leaf extract and its major constituent, Pulverulentone A, were tested for their ability to inhibit biofilm, exopolysaccharides, pyocyanin and proteases produced by MDR P. aeruginosa. In addition, a Galleria mellonella larvae model was employed to evaluate the in vivo cytotoxicity of Pulverulentone A and its ability to combat Pseudomonas infection. Docking study was further performed to investigate Pulverulentone A druggability against main quorum sensing (QS) targets expressed by P. aeruginosa; (3) Results: Both C. citrinus extract and the isolated compound could inhibit biofilm formation, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and pigment production by the tested isolates. Unexpectedly, no significant inhibition was observed on proteases production. The in silico docking analysis revealed good interactions of Pulverulentone A with all QS targets examined (LasR, MyfR/PqsR, QscR). Pulverulentone A was safe up to 400 µg·mL−1 in Galleria caterpillars. Moreover, pre-treatment of P. aeruginosa with Pulverulentone A slightly enhanced the survival of the infected larvae. (4) Conclusions: The present study proves Pulverulentone A safety with significant in vitro and in silico antivirulence potential against P. aeruginosa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Properties of Phytocomplexes and Isolated Compounds)
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8 pages, 942 KiB  
Article
Protective Effect of Grape (Vitis vinifera) Seed Powder and Zinc-Glycine Complex on Growth Traits and Gut Health of Broilers Following Eimeria tenella Challenge
by Naila Chand, Pervez Ali, Ibrahim A. Alhidary, Mutassim A. Abdelrahman, Hani Albadani, Murad Ali Khan, Alireza Seidavi, Vito Laudadio, Vincenzo Tufarelli and Rifat Ullah Khan
Antibiotics 2021, 10(2), 186; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics10020186 - 14 Feb 2021
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 2456
Abstract
The current study was conducted to evaluate the impact of grape (Vitis vinifera) seed powder and zinc-glycine complex on growth parameters and cecal health of broiler following Eimeria tenella challenge. A total of 250 day-old male broilers (Hubbard) were distributed into [...] Read more.
The current study was conducted to evaluate the impact of grape (Vitis vinifera) seed powder and zinc-glycine complex on growth parameters and cecal health of broiler following Eimeria tenella challenge. A total of 250 day-old male broilers (Hubbard) were distributed into five treatments as follows: I—negative control (basal diet); II—positive control (E. tenella challenge); III—group infected + Amprolium; IV—group coccidial infection + organic zinc (OZ) at 50 ppm + grape seed powder (GSP) at 2.5 g/kg; V—coccidial infection + organic zinc (OZ) at 50 ppm + grape seed powder (GSP) at 5.0 g/kg. From findings, a lower (p < 0.05) feed intake was noted for positive control compared to the other treatment groups. Conversely, higher (p < 0.05) body weight, dressing percentage, and feed conversion ratio were observed in infected + Amprolium, GSP2.5 + OZ50, and GSP5 + OZ50 treatments in comparison to the positive control. Moreover, the positive control showed severe cecal lesions of thickness and hemorrhages with mild congestion. The lesion scores decreased (p < 0.05) in GSP and OZ treated groups compared to the positive control. Significant (p < 0.05) lower oocyst per gram of feces was found in infected + Amprolium, GSP2.5 + OZ50, and GSP5 + OZ50 in comparison to positive control. Supplementing diet with GSP and OZ at both levels showed restoration of intense sloughing of villi. From the present findings, it can be concluded that OZ and grape seed powder positively ameliorated the growth performance, lesion score, and oocysts shedding in broilers infected with E. tenella. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Properties of Phytocomplexes and Isolated Compounds)
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15 pages, 1024 KiB  
Article
Phytocomplex Influences Antimicrobial and Health Properties of Concentrated Glycerine Macerates
by Maura Di Vito, Margherita Gentile, Paola Mattarelli, Lorenzo Barbanti, Laura Micheli, Claudia Mazzuca, Stefania Garzoli, Mattia Titubante, Alberto Vitali, Margherita Cacaci, Maurizio Sanguinetti and Francesca Bugli
Antibiotics 2020, 9(12), 858; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics9120858 - 01 Dec 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1986
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to correlate the chemical composition of four commercial concentrated glycerine macerates (C-GMs), produced through the same extraction method, with their in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, in order to evaluate their potential for healing upper airway [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study was to correlate the chemical composition of four commercial concentrated glycerine macerates (C-GMs), produced through the same extraction method, with their in vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, in order to evaluate their potential for healing upper airway diseases. C-GMs of Carpinus betulus (CB), Ficus carica (FC), Alnus glutinosa (AG) and Ribes nigrum (RN) were studied. The quality was evaluated using HPLC and IM-SPME/GC-MS systems; anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activities were assessed by the respective DPPH test, and micro-broth dilution test performed against 10 strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and 10 probiotic strains. ELISA and MTT tests were used to assess the immunomodulatory activity and the cytotoxicity of C-GMs, respectively. A significant correlation was found between the number of active compounds and the in vitro C-GMs effectiveness. Furthermore, the C-GMs of AG showed the best anti-microbial activity on pathological strains and, together with CB, the best anti-oxidant activity. The ELISA test exhibited a good immunomodulatory activity of RN. In vitro data support the integrated use of C-GMs of CB, AG, and RN in presence of airway diseases, and highlight the importance of standard procedures in cultivation, harvest and post-harvest treatments, as a premise for C-GMs with consistent characteristics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Properties of Phytocomplexes and Isolated Compounds)
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Review

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35 pages, 1222 KiB  
Review
Multifunctional Therapeutic Potential of Phytocomplexes and Natural Extracts for Antimicrobial Properties
by Md. Mominur Rahman, Md. Saidur Rahaman, Md. Rezaul Islam, Md. Emon Hossain, Faria Mannan Mithi, Muniruddin Ahmed, Marianela Saldías, Esra Küpeli Akkol and Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
Antibiotics 2021, 10(9), 1076; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antibiotics10091076 - 06 Sep 2021
Cited by 39 | Viewed by 5075
Abstract
Natural products have been known for their antimicrobial factors since time immemorial. Infectious diseases are a worldwide burden that have been deteriorating because of the improvement of species impervious to various anti-infection agents. Hence, the distinguishing proof of antimicrobial specialists with high-power dynamic [...] Read more.
Natural products have been known for their antimicrobial factors since time immemorial. Infectious diseases are a worldwide burden that have been deteriorating because of the improvement of species impervious to various anti-infection agents. Hence, the distinguishing proof of antimicrobial specialists with high-power dynamic against MDR microorganisms is central to conquer this issue. Successful treatment of infection involves the improvement of new drugs or some common source of novel medications. Numerous naturally occurring antimicrobial agents can be of plant origin, animal origin, microbial origin, etc. Many plant and animal products have antimicrobial activities due to various active principles, secondary metabolites, or phytochemicals like alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, essential oils, flavonoids, lectins, phagocytic cells, and many other organic constituents. Phytocomplexes’ antimicrobial movement frequently results from a few particles acting in cooperative energy, and the clinical impacts might be because of the direct effects against microorganisms. The restorative plants that may furnish novel medication lead the antimicrobial movement. The purpose of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial properties of the phytocomplexes and natural extracts of the plants that are ordinarily being utilized as conventional medications and then recommended the chance of utilizing them in drugs for the treatment of multiple drug-resistant disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Properties of Phytocomplexes and Isolated Compounds)
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