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Antioxidants
Special Issues
Antioxidants and Multifunction Photoprotection
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Antioxidants and Multifunction Photoprotection

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 16161

Special Issue Editors

Dr. André Rolim Baby

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-900, Brazil
Interests: photoprotection; dermocosmetics; efficacy tests; cutaneous attributes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Catarina Rosado

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CBIOS - Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: transdermal drug delivery; efficacy and safety testing; topical biomaterials; transdermal and cosmetic ingredients; nutrition and skin
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Humans are constantly affected by their own lifestyle and also by several types of radiation from both natural and artificial sources. Cutaneous tissue and its appendages are directly and indirectly affected by lifestyle and the environment. Pollution, for example, can provoke skin injuries, such as metabolic damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress, which may be exacerbated by exposure to radiation. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation (UVA and UVB) is one of the main exogenous agents responsible for the generation of reactive species, photochemical damage to genetic material, disruption of collagen and elastin fibers, cutaneous aging acceleration, and increasing risk of skin cancer. Oxidative stress is amplified by UV radiation exposure, and UV filters are the main active ingredients that can protect the skin against UV radiation; however, the molecules present in sunscreens are not entirely effective against cutaneous oxidative stress, and consequently, innovative investigations are needed to develop safe and multifunction products, to cover the greatest spectrum of body protection and to offer multiple benefits. Strategies to increase this protection profile involve the inclusion of antioxidant compounds from synthetic, waste, or natural origins into products, as well as technologies to improve their safety and number of benefits.

This Special Issue on “Antioxidants and Multifunction Photoprotection” welcomes you to contribute with your latest research findings or a review paper that will highlight the newest data and critically thought state-of-the-art information on investigations into the use of antioxidants toward photoprotection and multiple benefits to health.

Prof. Dr. André Rolim Baby
Dr. Catarina Rosado
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • natural and synthetic antioxidants
  • sunscreens
  • multifunctional products
  • safety and efficacy establishment
  • product technologies

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 11431 KiB  
Article
Conditioned Medium from H2O2-Preconditioned Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Ameliorates UVB-Induced Damage to Human Dermal Fibroblasts
by María Burón, Teodoro Palomares, Patricia Garrido-Pascual, Borja Herrero de la Parte, Ignacio García-Alonso and Ana Alonso-Varona
Antioxidants 2022, 11(10), 2011; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox11102011 - 11 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1579
Abstract
Human skin exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation can result in acute photodamage through oxidative modifications of cellular components and biomolecules involved in the metabolism of dermal cells. Recently, the therapeutic potential of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) has been investigated as a [...] Read more.
Human skin exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation can result in acute photodamage through oxidative modifications of cellular components and biomolecules involved in the metabolism of dermal cells. Recently, the therapeutic potential of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) has been investigated as a novel strategy for photoprotection due to their pro-angiogenic properties, protective activity against oxidative stress and paracrine effect on dermal cells. To enhance these therapeutic properties, hASCs can be preconditioned by exposing them to sublethal cellular stressors. In this study, we first analyzed response capacity against UVB-induced oxidative stress in H2O2-preconditioned hASCs (called HC016 cells); and second, we evaluated the photoprotective effect of HC016-conditioned medium (CM) in an in vitro UVB irradiation model in cultured human foreskin fibroblasts (hFFs). The results demonstrated that HC016 cells have a greater capacity to respond efficiently to UVB-induced oxidative stress, evidenced by higher Nrf2 antioxidant system activity and enhanced viability and migration capacity. Further, HC016-CM treatment increased viability, migratory capacity and collagen type I synthesis in hFFs exposed to UVB radiation, as well as reducing their cytotoxicity, apoptosis, senescence and IL-6 secretion. Collectively, these findings support the view that HC016 cells could protect against UVB-induced photodamage via paracrine mechanisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants and Multifunction Photoprotection)
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16 pages, 1911 KiB  
Article
Benzothiazole Derivatives as Multifunctional Antioxidant Agents for Skin Damage: Structure–Activity Relationship of a Scaffold Bearing a Five-Membered Ring System
by Ernestine Nicaise Djuidje, Riccardo Barbari, Anna Baldisserotto, Elisa Durini, Sabrina Sciabica, Jan Balzarini, Sandra Liekens, Silvia Vertuani and Stefano Manfredini
Antioxidants 2022, 11(2), 407; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox11020407 - 17 Feb 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2813
Abstract
Skin diseases often give multifactorial damages; therefore, the development of multifunctional compounds represents a suitable approach especially against disorders that are induced by oxidative stress. Thus, taking into account the successful results we achieved on benzimidazoles, we have devised a new series of [...] Read more.
Skin diseases often give multifactorial damages; therefore, the development of multifunctional compounds represents a suitable approach especially against disorders that are induced by oxidative stress. Thus, taking into account the successful results we achieved on benzimidazoles, we have devised a new series of isosteric benzothiazoles and investigated their antioxidant, photoprotective, antifungal and antiproliferative activity. Particular attention has been paid to synergistic antioxidant and photoprotective properties. For compounds 9a and 10a, a multifunctional profile was outlined, supported by an excellent filtering capacity, mainly UVB, which has higher capacities than those of the reference PBSA which is currently in the market as a UV sunscreen filter. The two compounds were also the best in terms of growth inhibition of dermatophytes and Candida albicans, and 10a also showed good antioxidant activity. Furthermore, 9a was also effective on melanoma tumor cells (SK-Mel 5), making these compounds good candidates in the development of new skin protective and preventive agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants and Multifunction Photoprotection)
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13 pages, 3030 KiB  
Article
Formation of Cyclobutane Pyrimidine Dimers after UVA Exposure (Dark-CPDs) Is Inhibited by an Hydrophilic Extract of Polypodium leucotomos
by Mikel Portillo-Esnaola, Azahara Rodríguez-Luna, Jimena Nicolás-Morala, María Gallego-Rentero, María Villalba, Ángeles Juarranz and Salvador González
Antioxidants 2021, 10(12), 1961; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10121961 - 07 Dec 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3309
Abstract
Exposure to sun and especially to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exerts well known detrimental effects on skin which are implicated in malignancy. UVR induces production of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), immediately during exposure and even hours after the exposure, these latter being called dark-CPDs, [...] Read more.
Exposure to sun and especially to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exerts well known detrimental effects on skin which are implicated in malignancy. UVR induces production of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs), immediately during exposure and even hours after the exposure, these latter being called dark-CPDs, as consequence of the effects of different reactive species that are formed. Fernblock® (FB), an aqueous extract of Polypodium leucotomos, has proven to have photoprotective and antioxidant effects on skin. The aim of our work was to investigate the potential photoprotective effect of FB against dark-CPD formation. Murine melanocytes (B16-F10) were exposed to UVA radiation and the production of dark-CPDs and different reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) was measured. Significant dark-CPD formation could be seen at 3 h after UVA irradiation, which was inhibited by the pre-treatment of cells with FB. Formation of nitric oxide, superoxide and peroxynitrite was increased after irradiation, consistent with the increased CPD formation. FB successfully reduced the production of these reactive species. Hence, these results show how dark-CPDs are formed in UVA irradiated melanocytes, and that FB acts as a potential antioxidant and ROS scavenger, preventing the DNA damage induced by sun exposure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants and Multifunction Photoprotection)
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13 pages, 1349 KiB  
Article
Photoprotection and Photostability of a New Lignin-Gelatin-Baccharis antioquensis-Based Hybrid Biomaterial
by Juan C. Mejía-Giraldo, Juan C. Scaiano, Cecilia Gallardo-Cabrera and Miguel A. Puertas-Mejía
Antioxidants 2021, 10(12), 1904; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10121904 - 27 Nov 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2460
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a new hybrid biomaterial that could photo-stabilize and improve the photoprotective capacity of a Baccharis antioquensis extract. Different combinations of lignin/gelatin/natural extract were applied to prepare hybrid biomaterial nanoparticles (NPs), which were then incorporated into [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to develop a new hybrid biomaterial that could photo-stabilize and improve the photoprotective capacity of a Baccharis antioquensis extract. Different combinations of lignin/gelatin/natural extract were applied to prepare hybrid biomaterial nanoparticles (NPs), which were then incorporated into an emulsion. The in vitro photoprotection and photostability were evaluated. The methanolic extract showed high phenolic content (646.4 ± 9.5 mg GAE/g dry extract) and a DPPH radical assay revealed that the antiradical capacity of the extract (0.13 to 0.05 g extract/mmol DPPH) was even better than that of BHT. The particle size of the hybrid biomaterial ranged from 100 to 255 nm; a polydispersity index (PdI) between 0.416 and 0.788 is suitable for topical use in dermocosmetic products. The loading capacity of the extract ranged from 27.0 to 44.5%, and the nanoparticles (NPs) showed electrostatic stability in accordance with the zeta potential value. We found that the formulation based on lignin: extract (1:1 ratio) and gelatin: lignin: extract (0.5:0.5:1 ratio) demonstrated photoprotection qualities with a sun protection factor (SPF) ranging from 9.4 to 22.6. In addition, all the hybrid NP-formulations were time-stable with %SPFeff and %UVAPFeff greater than 80% after exposure to 2 h of radiation. These results suggest that the hybrid biopolymer-natural extract improved the photoprotection and photostability properties, as well as the antiradical capacity, of the B. antioquensis extract, and may be useful for trapping high polyphenol content from natural extracts, with potential application in cosmeceutical formulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants and Multifunction Photoprotection)
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11 pages, 994 KiB  
Article
Analyzing the Photoprotection Efficiency of Sunscreens Containing Antioxidants under Disinfection Conditions
by Robert Sotler, Metka Adamič, Kristjan Jarni, Raja Dahmane, Polonca Trebše and Mojca Bavcon Kralj
Antioxidants 2021, 10(11), 1720; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10111720 - 28 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1663
Abstract
Sunscreens ensure thorough protection against sunburn. The delivery of UV filters into the stratum corneum and viable epidermis could be reduced by the use of antioxidants (such as β-carotene and trans-resveratrol, alone or combined). The presence/absence of antioxidants (trans-resveratrol and β-carotene) in formulations [...] Read more.
Sunscreens ensure thorough protection against sunburn. The delivery of UV filters into the stratum corneum and viable epidermis could be reduced by the use of antioxidants (such as β-carotene and trans-resveratrol, alone or combined). The presence/absence of antioxidants (trans-resveratrol and β-carotene) in formulations containing benzophenone-3 (UV-filter) and their efficiency under disinfection and neutral conditions are studied and compared. The trial was conducted on 38 people. The prepared ointments were applied to the participants’ forearms, irradiated and monitored by reflectance colorimetry after 0, 4, 6, and 8 min. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the skin color’s main characteristics and the F-ratio was used to test overall differences. The ointments containing antioxidants and benzophenone-3 were the most efficient, followed by those with benzophenone-3 alone. It was proven that photoprotection with benzophenone-3 is still effective, despite the formation of its chlorinated products. Due to the short time of exposure to disinfecting conditions, it could be assumed that benzophenone-3 was only partially chlorinated. This clinical study demonstrated that formulations containing antioxidants are likely to be more suitable for protecting skin against UVB irradiation than a UV filter alone. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants and Multifunction Photoprotection)
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Review

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20 pages, 926 KiB  
Review
Ultraviolet Light Protection: Is It Really Enough?
by Patricia K. Farris and Giuseppe Valacchi
Antioxidants 2022, 11(8), 1484; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox11081484 - 29 Jul 2022
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3291
Abstract
Our current understanding of the pathogenesis of skin aging includes the role of ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared, pollution, cigarette smoke and other environmental exposures. The mechanism of action common to these exposures is the disruption of the cellular redox balance by the [...] Read more.
Our current understanding of the pathogenesis of skin aging includes the role of ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared, pollution, cigarette smoke and other environmental exposures. The mechanism of action common to these exposures is the disruption of the cellular redox balance by the directly or indirectly increased formation of reactive oxygen species that overwhelm the intrinsic antioxidant defense system, resulting in an oxidative stress condition. Altered redox homeostasis triggers downstream pathways that contribute to tissue oxinflammation (cross-talk between inflammation and altered redox status) and accelerate skin aging. In addition, both ultraviolet light and pollution increase intracellular free iron that catalyzes reactive oxygen species generation via the Fenton reaction. This disruption of iron homeostasis within the cell further promotes oxidative stress and contributes to extrinsic skin aging. More recent studies have demonstrated that iron chelators can be used topically and can enhance the benefits of topically applied antioxidants. Thus, an updated, more comprehensive approach to environmental or atmospheric aging protection should include sun protective measures, broad spectrum sunscreens, antioxidants, chelating agents, and DNA repair enzymes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants and Multifunction Photoprotection)
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