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Antioxidants
Special Issues
CoQ10 and Aging and Age-Related Diseases
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CoQ10 and Aging and Age-Related Diseases

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2022) | Viewed by 29482

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Guillermo López Lluch

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Andalusian Centre of Developmental Biology, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain
Interests: aging; metabolism; antioxidants; calorie restriction; physical activity; exercise; neurodegeneration; muscle; liver; immunology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Coenzyme Q10 is a molecule which is essential for life. Its function is key in the activity of mitochondria, since it transfers electrons from complexes I and II and other oxidoreductases, such as dihydroorotate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial GAPDH to complex III. This function makes CoQ10 essential for producing energy in mitochondria and also for the synthesis of intermediaries in the synthesis of nucleotides. Further, CoQ10 is key as the antioxidant preventing the oxidation of lipids in cell membranes and also in lipoproteins in plasma. This function is essential in many different aspects related with aging and with age-related diseases such as cardiovascular and neurological diseases, kidney dysfunction, muscle wasting, and immunological dysfunction and inflammatory processes, among others. 

We invite you to submit your latest research findings or a review article to this Special Issue. In this issue, we want to summarize and increase knowledge of the important function of CoQ10 in aging and its relationship with age-related diseases, with an important focus on the antioxidant function of CoQ10 in the prevention of oxidative damage in cell membranes. Its relationship with nutrition, life habits, and health during aging will be another important aspect to be highlighted in this Special Issue. Further, studies of the importance of bioavailability of this molecule in elderly people and/or the induction of its synthesis during aging are very welcome since these aspects are not completely addressed.

I look forward to your contribution.

Dr. Guillermo López Lluch
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Aging 
  • Age-related diseases 
  • CoQ10 
  • Antioxidant 
  • Mitochondria 
  • Plasma membrane 
  • Metabolism

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 1553 KiB  
Article
Levels of Plasma Coenzyme Q10 Are Associated with Physical Capacity and Cardiovascular Risk in the Elderly
by Rocío de la Bella-Garzón, Cristina Fernández-Portero, David Alarcón, Josué G. Amián and Guillermo López-Lluch
Antioxidants 2022, 11(2), 279; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox11020279 - 29 Jan 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 11013
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential factor for mitochondrial activity and antioxidant protection of cells, tissues and plasma lipoproteins. Its deficiency has been associated with aging progression in animals and humans. To determine if CoQ10 levels in plasma can [...] Read more.
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential factor for mitochondrial activity and antioxidant protection of cells, tissues and plasma lipoproteins. Its deficiency has been associated with aging progression in animals and humans. To determine if CoQ10 levels in plasma can be associated with frailty in elderly people (aged > 65), we studied the relationship of CoQ10 levels in blood with other parameters in plasma and with the physical activity and capacity in aged people. Our results indicate that high CoQ10 levels are directly associated with lower cardiovascular risk measured by the quotient total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol. Furthermore, high CoQ10 levels were found in people showing higher physical activity, stronger muscle capacity. CoQ10 also showed a strong inverse relationship with sedentarism and the up and go test, which is considered to be a frailty index. Interestingly, we found gender differences, indicating stronger correlations in women than in men. The importance of the maintenance of CoQ10 levels in elderly people to avoid sarcopenia and frailty in elderly people is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CoQ10 and Aging and Age-Related Diseases)
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17 pages, 2330 KiB  
Article
The Protective Effect of Ubiquinone against the Amyloid Peptide in Endothelial Cells Is Isoprenoid Chain Length-Dependent
by Javier Frontiñán-Rubio, Yoana Rabanal-Ruiz, Mario Durán-Prado and Francisco Javier Alcain
Antioxidants 2021, 10(11), 1806; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox10111806 - 13 Nov 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2168
Abstract
Vascular brain pathology constitutes a common feature in neurodegenerative diseases that could underlie their development. Indeed, vascular dysfunction acts synergistically with neurodegenerative changes to exacerbate the cognitive impairment found in Alzheimer’s disease. Different injuries such as hypertension, high glucose, atherosclerosis associated with oxidized [...] Read more.
Vascular brain pathology constitutes a common feature in neurodegenerative diseases that could underlie their development. Indeed, vascular dysfunction acts synergistically with neurodegenerative changes to exacerbate the cognitive impairment found in Alzheimer’s disease. Different injuries such as hypertension, high glucose, atherosclerosis associated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein or inflammation induce NADPH oxidase activation, overproduction of reactive oxygen species, and apoptosis in endothelial cells. Since it has been shown that pretreatment of cultured endothelial cells with the lipophilic antioxidant coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) displays a protective effect against the deleterious injuries caused by different agents, this study explores the cytoprotective role of different CoQs homologues against Aβ25–35-induced damage and demonstrates that only pretreatment with CoQ10 protects endothelial brain cells from Aβ25–35-induced damage. Herein, we show that CoQ10 constitutes the most effective ubiquinone in preventing NADPH oxidase activity and reducing both reactive oxygen species generation and the increase in free cytosolic Ca2+ induced by Aβ25–35, ultimately preventing apoptosis and necrosis. The specific cytoprotective effect of CoQ with a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units could be explained by the fact that CoQ10 is the only ubiquinone that significantly reduces the entry of Aβ25–35 into the mitochondria. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CoQ10 and Aging and Age-Related Diseases)
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16 pages, 2708 KiB  
Article
Associations between Coenzyme Q10 Status, Oxidative Stress, and Muscle Strength and Endurance in Patients with Osteoarthritis
by Po-Sheng Chang, Chi-Hua Yen, Yu-Yun Huang, Ching-Ju Chiu and Ping-Ting Lin
Antioxidants 2020, 9(12), 1275; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox9121275 - 14 Dec 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2806
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) causes oxidative stress. Coenzyme Q10 is an antioxidant that participates in energy production in the human body. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among coenzyme Q10 status, oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, and muscle function in patients with [...] Read more.
Osteoarthritis (OA) causes oxidative stress. Coenzyme Q10 is an antioxidant that participates in energy production in the human body. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among coenzyme Q10 status, oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, and muscle function in patients with OA. This case-control study recruited 100 patients with OA and 100 without OA. The coenzyme Q10 status, oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, muscle mass (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), muscle strength (hand-grip and leg-back strength), and muscle endurance (dumbbell curls, gait speed, chair-stand test, and short physical performance battery) were measured. The results showed that both OA and elderly subjects had a low coenzyme Q10 status (<0.5 μM). Oxidative stress was significantly negatively correlated with muscle function (protein carbonyl, p < 0.05). Coenzyme Q10 level was positively associated with antioxidant capacity, muscle mass, muscle strength and muscle endurance in patients with OA (p < 0.05). Since OA is an age-related disease, coenzyme Q10 may be consumed by oxidative stress and thereby affect muscle function. Raising coenzyme Q10 in patients with OA could be suggested, which may benefit their antioxidant capacity and muscle function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CoQ10 and Aging and Age-Related Diseases)
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Review

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14 pages, 324 KiB  
Review
Coenzyme Q10: Role in Less Common Age-Related Disorders
by David Mantle and Iain P. Hargreaves
Antioxidants 2022, 11(11), 2293; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox11112293 - 19 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2671
Abstract
In this article we have reviewed the potential role of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in the pathogenesis and treatment of a number of less common age-related disorders, for many of which effective therapies are not currently available. For most of these disorders, mitochondrial dysfunction, [...] Read more.
In this article we have reviewed the potential role of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in the pathogenesis and treatment of a number of less common age-related disorders, for many of which effective therapies are not currently available. For most of these disorders, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation have been implicated in the disease process, providing a rationale for the potential therapeutic use of CoQ10, because of its key roles in mitochondrial function, as an antioxidant, and as an anti-inflammatory agent. Disorders reviewed in the article include multi system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, sporadic adult onset ataxia, and pulmonary fibrosis, together with late onset versions of Huntington’s disease, Alexander disease, lupus, anti-phospholipid syndrome, lysosomal storage disorders, fibromyalgia, Machado-Joseph disease, acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, and Leber’s optic neuropathy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CoQ10 and Aging and Age-Related Diseases)
14 pages, 510 KiB  
Review
Coenzyme Q10, Ageing and the Nervous System: An Overview
by David Mantle, Robert A. Heaton and Iain P. Hargreaves
Antioxidants 2022, 11(1), 2; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox11010002 - 21 Dec 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 6474
Abstract
The ageing brain is characterised by changes at the physical, histological, biochemical and physiological levels. This ageing process is associated with an increased risk of developing a number of neurological disorders, notably Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. There is evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction [...] Read more.
The ageing brain is characterised by changes at the physical, histological, biochemical and physiological levels. This ageing process is associated with an increased risk of developing a number of neurological disorders, notably Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. There is evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress play a key role in the pathogenesis of such disorders. In this article, we review the potential therapeutic role in these age-related neurological disorders of supplementary coenzyme Q10, a vitamin-like substance of vital importance for normal mitochondrial function and as an antioxidant. This review is concerned primarily with studies in humans rather than in vitro studies or studies in animal models of neurological disease. In particular, the reasons why the outcomes of clinical trials supplementing coenzyme Q10 in these neurological disorders is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CoQ10 and Aging and Age-Related Diseases)
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Other

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22 pages, 5386 KiB  
Systematic Review
Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Adults: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review and Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
by Suming Dai, Zezhong Tian, Dan Zhao, Ying Liang, Meitong Liu, Zhihao Liu, Shanshan Hou and Yan Yang
Antioxidants 2022, 11(7), 1360; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/antiox11071360 - 13 Jul 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3051
Abstract
Evidence shows that exogenous CoQ10 supplementation may potentially attenuate oxidative stress status. However, its effective dose and evidence certainty require further evaluation in the general population via more updated randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library) were searched up to [...] Read more.
Evidence shows that exogenous CoQ10 supplementation may potentially attenuate oxidative stress status. However, its effective dose and evidence certainty require further evaluation in the general population via more updated randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Databases (PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library) were searched up to 30 March 2022. Evidence certainty was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Thirty-four RCTs containing 2012 participants were included in this review. Pooled effects of significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (standardized mean difference: 1.83, 95%CI: [1.07, 2.59], p < 0.001) and significant reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations (−0.77, [−1.06, −0.47], p < 0.001) were shown after CoQ10 supplementation compared to placebo. However, we could not determine that there was a significant increase in circulating superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels yet (0.47, [0.00, 0.94], p = 0.05). Subgroup analyses implied that CoQ10 supplementation was more beneficial to people with coronary artery disease or type 2 diabetes. Additionally, taking 100–150 mg/day CoQ10 supplement had better benefits for the levels of TAC, MDA and SOD (all p < 0.01). These results to a statistically significant extent lent support to the efficacy and optimal dose of CoQ10 supplementation on attenuating oxidative stress status in adults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CoQ10 and Aging and Age-Related Diseases)
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