Biosystem–Material Interactions

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2021) | Viewed by 10492

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Cell Biology, Rostock University Medical Center, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
Interests: cell–material interaction; osteoblasts; epithelial cells; calcium signaling; cell adhesion; cell cycle and apoptosis; focal adhesions; cellular structures; physico-chemical characteristics of biomaterials; micro-topography
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Guest Editor
Biointerfaces Group, Institut de Science des Materiaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), CNRS UMR7361, 68057 Mulhouse, CEDEX, France
Interests: biomaterials; topography; cell-material interactions; mechanobiology; surface chemistry; tissue engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The design of biomaterials for biotechnology and tissue-engineering applications requires controlling the interaction of cells and extracellular matrix proteins with material surfaces. A variety of processes are used for designing instructive biomaterials. These technologies involve both chemical modifications, by grafting of chemical groups, adhesion ligands or growth factors, and physical modifications, by stochastically and geometrically structuring the surfaces or by tuning their mechanical properties.

The close interaction of cells with material surfaces is of fundamental relevance and contributes to the clinical success of implants. Cells can sense the physicochemical properties of their environment, resulting in focal adhesion reorganization, spatio-temporal localization and activation of receptor-dependent signalling proteins and phenotypic changes. Thus, the cell behavior on a biomaterial’s surface is still far from being elucidated. In particular, the adhesion and signalling processes occurring at the cell/material interface need to be described at the molecular level using -omics approaches as well as imaging or simulation techniques.

In this special issue, our ambition is to provide an overview of the combined effects that topographical, mechanical and chemical surface modifications of biomaterials can have on cell physiology and of advanced techniques that can be used to achieve this goal.

Prof. Dr. Barbara Nebe
Dr. Karine Anselme
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Biomaterials
  • Topography
  • Chemistry
  • Cells
  • In vitro
  • Interface
  • Biosystem
  • Microscopy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2077 KiB  
Article
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation Driven by Osteoinductive Bioactive Nanoscale Topographies
by Catarina R. Pedrosa, Christel Chanseau, Christine Labrugère, Sivashankar Krishnamoorthy and Marie-Christine Durrieu
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(23), 11209; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app112311209 - 25 Nov 2021
Viewed by 1289
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) respond to the characteristics of their surrounding microenvironment, i.e., their extracellular matrix (ECM). The possibility of mimicking the ECM offers the opportunity to elicit specific cell behaviors. The control of surface properties of a biomaterial at the scale [...] Read more.
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) respond to the characteristics of their surrounding microenvironment, i.e., their extracellular matrix (ECM). The possibility of mimicking the ECM offers the opportunity to elicit specific cell behaviors. The control of surface properties of a biomaterial at the scale level of the components of the ECM has the potential to effectively modulate cell response. Ordered nanoscale silicon pillar arrays were fabricated using reverse micelles of block copolymers on full wafers, with standard deviations lower than 15%. Bioactive synthetic peptides were covalently grafted on nanoarrays to evaluate possible synergies between chemistry and topography on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Functionalization with RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) and BMP-2 (bone morphogenetic protein-2) mimetic peptides lead to an enhancement of osteogenic differentiation. Bare nanopillar arrays of reduced pitch were found to promote faster hMSC differentiation. These findings highlight the relevance of investigating possibilities of engineering in vitro systems which can be fine-tuned according to the envisaged cell response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosystem–Material Interactions)
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20 pages, 3781 KiB  
Article
Automatic Actin Filament Quantification and Cell Shape Modeling of Osteoblasts on Charged Ti Surfaces
by Martina Gruening, Jonathan E. Dawson, Christian Voelkner, Sven Neuber, Katja Fricke, Ursula van Rienen, Sylvia Speller, Christiane A. Helm and J. Barbara Nebe
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(12), 5689; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11125689 - 19 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2571
Abstract
Surface charges at the cell–biomaterial interface are known to determine cellular functions. Previous findings on cell signaling indicate that osteoblastic cells favor certain moderately positive surface charges, whereas highly positive charges are not tolerated. In this study, we aimed to gain deeper insights [...] Read more.
Surface charges at the cell–biomaterial interface are known to determine cellular functions. Previous findings on cell signaling indicate that osteoblastic cells favor certain moderately positive surface charges, whereas highly positive charges are not tolerated. In this study, we aimed to gain deeper insights into the influence exerted by surface charges on the actin cytoskeleton and the cell shape. We analyzed surfaces with a negative, moderately positive, and highly positive zeta (ζ) potential: titanium (Ti), Ti with plasma polymerized allylamine (PPAAm), and Ti with a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMA) multilayer, respectively. We used the software FilaQuant for automatic actin filament quantification of osteoblastic MG-63s, analyzed the cell edge height with scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM), and described the cellular shape via a mathematical vertex model. A significant enhancement of actin filament formation was achieved on moderately positive (+7 mV) compared with negative ζ-potentials (−87 mV). A hampered cell spreading was reflected in a diminished actin filament number and length on highly positively charged surfaces (+50 mV). Mathematical simulations suggested that in these cells, cortical tension forces dominate the cell–substrate adhesion forces. Our findings present new insights into the impact of surface charges on the overall cell shape and even intracellular structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosystem–Material Interactions)
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Review

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21 pages, 2157 KiB  
Review
Fibronectin-Enriched Biomaterials, Biofunctionalization, and Proactivity: A Review
by Carla Palomino-Durand, Emmanuel Pauthe and Adeline Gand
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(24), 12111; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app112412111 - 19 Dec 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3301
Abstract
Modern innovation in reconstructive medicine implies the proposition of material-based strategies suitable for tissue repair and regeneration. The development of such systems necessitates the design of advanced materials and the control of their interactions with their surrounding cellular and molecular microenvironments. Biomaterials must [...] Read more.
Modern innovation in reconstructive medicine implies the proposition of material-based strategies suitable for tissue repair and regeneration. The development of such systems necessitates the design of advanced materials and the control of their interactions with their surrounding cellular and molecular microenvironments. Biomaterials must actively engage cellular matter to direct and modulate biological responses at implant sites and beyond. Indeed, it is essential that a true dialogue exists between the implanted device and the cells. Biomaterial engineering implies the knowledge and control of cell fate considering the globality of the adhesion process, from initial cell attachment to differentiation. The extracellular matrix (ECM) represents a complex microenvironment able to meet these essential needs to establish a relationship between the material and the contacting cells. The ECM exhibits specific physical, chemical, and biochemical characteristics. Considering the complexity, heterogeneity, and versatility of ECM actors, fibronectin (Fn) has emerged among the ECM protagonists as the most pertinent representative key actor. The following review focuses on and synthesizes the research supporting the potential to use Fn in biomaterial functionalization to mimic the ECM and enhance cell–material interactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosystem–Material Interactions)
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17 pages, 1672 KiB  
Review
Molecular Mechanisms of Topography Sensing by Osteoblasts: An Update
by Pablo Rougerie, Rafaela Silva dos Santos, Marcos Farina and Karine Anselme
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(4), 1791; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11041791 - 18 Feb 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2753
Abstract
Bone is a specialized tissue formed by different cell types and a multiscale, complex mineralized matrix. The architecture and the surface chemistry of this microenvironment can be factors of considerable influence on cell biology, and can affect cell proliferation, commitment to differentiation, gene [...] Read more.
Bone is a specialized tissue formed by different cell types and a multiscale, complex mineralized matrix. The architecture and the surface chemistry of this microenvironment can be factors of considerable influence on cell biology, and can affect cell proliferation, commitment to differentiation, gene expression, matrix production and/or composition. It has been shown that osteoblasts encounter natural motifs in vivo, with various topographies (shapes, sizes, organization), and that cell cultures on flat surfaces do not reflect the total potential of the tissue. Therefore, studies investigating the role of topographies on cell behavior are important in order to better understand the interaction between cells and surfaces, to improve osseointegration processes in vivo between tissues and biomaterials, and to find a better topographic surface to enhance bone repair. In this review, we evaluate the main available data about surface topographies, techniques for topographies’ production, mechanical signal transduction from surfaces to cells and the impact of cell–surface interactions on osteoblasts or preosteoblasts’ behavior. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosystem–Material Interactions)
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