Food Sustainability: Using Byproducts from Food Industry and Unconventional Food Sources

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2022) | Viewed by 9903

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, School of Agronomy, University of Lisbon, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: rheology; proteins; emulsions; foams; gels; polysaccharides; 3D printing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
LEAF (Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food) Research Center, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
Interests: food rheology and texture; cereal technologies; sustainable food product design and functional foods within bioeconomy focus and impact on health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Vigo (Campus Ourense), Science Faculty, As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain
Interests: food rheology; functional foodstuff; gluten-free matrices; food product innovation with food by-products
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We cordially invite you to contribute to this Special Issue, “Food Sustainability: Using Byproducts from Food Industry and Unconventional Food Sources”, a current topic that has received the interest of many researchers.
The projected increase in the world population to over 9 billions indicates the need for more sustainable food production, in quantity and quality (e.g., the scarcity of protein sources for human consumption is highlighted). In this context of food and resources scarcity predicted for the near future, there is a need to rethink the human diet, to ensure both a healthy, well-fed world population and a healthy environment. The use of alternative sources of food—namely, underexplored ingredients and by-products from the food industry—in order to ensure healthy and sustainable diets is a relevant strategy to be considered by all stakeholders.
The development of new food products based on alternative raw materials will be necessary to increase the efficient use of resources. However, the involvement of consumers is crucial for the success of this action, and their attitudes towards new products must be taken into account in the previous stages of product design.
The trends in the food sector, updated every year due to different socio-economic factors and lifestyle issues, must also be taken into account in the design strategies for new food products. Phenomena such as snackification, personalized nutrition, plant proteins, vegan, and others should be the drivers for the food design process.
The incorporation of unconventional raw materials and by-products of the food industry in the human diet is a huge challenge from a technological point of view, as well as in terms of consumer acceptance and the legal framework.
There is already a large set of under-explored resources with high nutritional value, which have been the subject of intensive studies on their incorporation in the food chain. Noteworthy are microalgae, seaweeds, insects, ancestral plant species that have fallen out of use, various unconventional plants, and fish species that are not regularly used in human nutrition. The valorization of these food sources is urgent and requires in-depth studies, in nutritional and technological terms.
Considering the high levels of waste associated with food processing (greater than 30%), the valorization of the respective by-products in a circular economy context is relevant. It is also essential to develop research work that will overcome the associated technological, sensory, and nutritional limitations. It is essential to develop multidisciplinary approaches, involving all the links of the value chain, from production to the final consumer, reducing carbon and nitrogen footprints, to achieve solutions with a real economic impact, contributing to overcoming issues related to food scarcity while increasing the sustainability of the planet.
These are some of the current topics, but you are welcome to add new ones and contribute to this highly impactful Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Anabela Raymundo
Dr. Isabel Sousa
Dr. María Dolores Torres
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Unconventional food sources
  • Valorization of by-products
  • Food rheology and texture
  • Food scarcity
  • Trends in the food industry
  • Food product design
  • Sensory evaluation
  • Innovative products
  • Design thinking in food industry
  • Sustainability of food
  • Food for groups with special requirements (gluten-free cereal foods)
  • Sustainability and economic viability
  • Re-introduction of by-products into the food value chain
  • Consumer acceptance and attitudes towards innovative food products
  • Market feasibility

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 637 KiB  
Article
Antioxidant Properties of Soybean Oil Supplemented with Ginger and Turmeric Powders
by Federica Tinello, Stefania Zannoni and Anna Lante
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(23), 8438; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10238438 - 26 Nov 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2350
Abstract
Soybean oil has been supplemented with 10% (w/w) of ginger and turmeric powders derived from commercial products (GC—commercial ginger and TC—commercial turmeric), freeze-dried rhizomes (freeze-dried ginger (GR) and freeze-dried turmeric rhizome—TR) and peels (freeze-dried ginger peel (GP) and freeze-dried [...] Read more.
Soybean oil has been supplemented with 10% (w/w) of ginger and turmeric powders derived from commercial products (GC—commercial ginger and TC—commercial turmeric), freeze-dried rhizomes (freeze-dried ginger (GR) and freeze-dried turmeric rhizome—TR) and peels (freeze-dried ginger peel (GP) and freeze-dried turmeric peel—TP) for developing a functional seasoning with great lipid stability for human consumption. The exhausted ginger and turmeric powders were also recovered and recycled two times to promote a more sustainable process. The antioxidant activity and oxidative stability of oil samples were evaluated respectively by spectrophotometric and Rancimat methods. Folin–Ciocalteu assay and HPLC analysis were also performed to quantify total polyphenols, ginger-derived 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol, and turmeric-derived curcumin. Their antioxidant activity as well as oxidative stability, which non-linearly decreased over cycles because of a strongly reduced phenolic extractability, linearly increased with increasing phenolic yields. Hence, ginger and turmeric can be proposed as healthy spices containing bioactive compounds to control lipid oxidation and improve oil stability. Moreover, the valorization of peels as eco-friendly source of natural antioxidants is a valid strategy for providing added-value to these agro-food wastes. Full article
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15 pages, 2336 KiB  
Article
Improving the Technological and Nutritive Properties of Gluten-Free Bread by Fresh Curd Cheese Enrichment
by Carla Graça, Anabela Raymundo and Isabel Sousa
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(19), 6868; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10196868 - 30 Sep 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2358
Abstract
Replacing wheat flour in the breadmaking process is a technology challenge since the elimination of gluten has a strong influence on bread quality. Proteins addition are often used to form a protein network capable of mimicking gluten-like structure, giving to dough a foaming [...] Read more.
Replacing wheat flour in the breadmaking process is a technology challenge since the elimination of gluten has a strong influence on bread quality. Proteins addition are often used to form a protein network capable of mimicking gluten-like structure, giving to dough a foaming support. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of denatured whey proteins coming from fresh curd cheese addition, to strengthening gluten-free dough structure, enhancing the breadmaking performance. Curd cheese additions were tested (5% up to 20%, weight/weight) and the effect on dough rheology behavior and bread quality was evaluated. Findings obtained revealed that the technology and nutritional properties of the bread can be enhanced by curd cheese addition, and such effects should be related to the composition and functionality of denatured whey proteins. Considering higher levels of curd cheese (20%) tested, improvements on bread quality was observed, leading to a considerable increase in bread volume (73%), softness (65%), with a significant reduction on staling kinetics (70%), comparing with control bread. Additionally, an improvement in nutritional value in terms of proteins (80%) and minerals content (P—50.0%, Mg—6.0%, and Ca—360.3%) was obtained, which can give an additional contribution to the nutritional daily requirements of celiac patients. Linear correlations between dough rheology properties and bread quality attributes were found, supporting the good breadmaking performance obtained. Full article
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24 pages, 3103 KiB  
Article
Effect of the Leavening Agent on the Compositional and Sensorial Characteristics of Bread Fortified with Flaxseed Cake
by Isabella Taglieri, Chiara Sanmartin, Francesca Venturi, Monica Macaluso, Angela Zinnai, Silvia Tavarini, Andrea Serra, Giuseppe Conte, Guido Flamini and Luciana G. Angelini
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(15), 5235; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10155235 - 29 Jul 2020
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 4352
Abstract
Health and well-being improvement is currently driving innovation in bread, using a wide variety of value-added compounds as extra ingredients, including food industry by-products in a circular economy concept. In this context, this research aimed at evaluating the effect of the fortification of [...] Read more.
Health and well-being improvement is currently driving innovation in bread, using a wide variety of value-added compounds as extra ingredients, including food industry by-products in a circular economy concept. In this context, this research aimed at evaluating the effect of the fortification of bread with different percentages of flaxseed cake, comparing two leavening agents: sourdough and baker’s yeast. Sensorial, physicochemical, and nutritional properties, including pH, the main fermentative metabolites, fatty acids, total phenols, antioxidant capacity, and volatile organic compounds were determined for fortified bread. The results showed a significant improvement of nutraceutical profile of the bread fortified with flaxseed cake in a dose-dependent manner. Regardless of the leavening agent, the fortification determined a decrease of n-6:n-3 ratio, reaching the recommended value (<3) already at the 7.5% level. Furthermore, under the same fortification level, sourdough breads showed a higher level of total phenols and antiradical activity than baker’s yeast breads. Sensory profiles were instead deeply influenced by both the fortification percentage and the leavening agents. In conclusion, considering both nutritional and sensory results, the best formulation as a function of leavening agent utilized was defined as 5% and 7.5% when sourdough and baker’s yeast were used, respectively. Full article
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