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Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling
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Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2021) | Viewed by 66401

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jongwon Seo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
Interests: GIS; BIM; construction automation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Amid growing interest in the smart construction and operation of the built environment in the construction industry, the roles of GIS and BIM are also becoming increasingly important. GIS (geographical information system) provides spatial location and geospatial information of the city and/or infrastructure systems while BIM (building information modeling) provides information of an individual building structure and facility on a relatively small and detailed scale.

Although GIS and BIM are currently operating on separate platforms, there is much active platform-related research that has attempted to link GIS and BIM during construction operations. Merging GIS and BIM data provides a geospatial element that can be used in the design, construction, and operation of various built environments. Seamless project handover (i.e., sharing of data and information between platforms) between BIM design processes and GIS technologies can bring about improvement in the data managing capacity of smart construction and operation of the built environment. In this regard, this Special Issue invites you to submit original research papers on GIS–BIM connected platforms and services, collaboration between GIS and BIM, and related topics. Hence, topics may include but are not limited to the following:

  • Integration of GIS and BIM
  • Application of GIS data towards BIM or vice versa
  • Advancing processes of GIS and BIM for interoperability
  • BIM or GIS data format for interoperability
  • Platform development of GIS and BIM

Prof. Dr. Jongwon Seo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • GIS
  • BIM
  • geospatial information
  • construction operation
  • construction automation
  • data format
  • platform
  • interoperability

Published Papers (16 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 10158 KiB  
Article
BIM-Based Maintenance Data Processing Mechanism through COBie Standard Development for Port Facility
by Sangyun Shin, Hyounseok Moon and Jaeyoung Shin
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1304; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12031304 - 26 Jan 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2992
Abstract
In the AECO field, there have been many efforts to transform the design, construction, and maintenance methods that have been carried out in the traditional way based on document-based data into digital ones. BIM makes it possible for the information necessary for the [...] Read more.
In the AECO field, there have been many efforts to transform the design, construction, and maintenance methods that have been carried out in the traditional way based on document-based data into digital ones. BIM makes it possible for the information necessary for the entire construction process to be transformed into a language that computers can understand. In the field of architecture, BIM has been actively used throughout the entire construction life cycle through steady research since the 2000s, while COBie was developed in order to deliver information generated in the design and construction phase to the maintenance phase based on the BIM environment. In the field of infrastructure, however, digital data-based maintenance information management has not been actively studied. In particular, in the case of a port, once a facility is built, it has to be maintained for a longer period than other facilities, so facility maintenance is of utmost importance. Therefore, this study applied COBie, which is being used in the architecture field (building), to the port field. To this end, the COBie standard format in the port field was developed based on the port facility object breakdown structure and property breakdown structure. The port COBie developed through this study is included when the BIM model is converted to the IFC model so that facility management can be performed through the IFC-based viewer in the future. The port COBie schema developed in this study can be expanded to other fields such as roads and bridges in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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14 pages, 100316 KiB  
Article
Application of Various YOLO Models for Computer Vision-Based Real-Time Pothole Detection
by Sung-Sik Park, Van-Than Tran and Dong-Eun Lee
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(23), 11229; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app112311229 - 26 Nov 2021
Cited by 38 | Viewed by 5931
Abstract
Pothole repair is one of the paramount tasks in road maintenance. Effective road surface monitoring is an ongoing challenge to the management agency. The current pothole detection, which is conducted image processing with a manual operation, is labour-intensive and time-consuming. Computer vision offers [...] Read more.
Pothole repair is one of the paramount tasks in road maintenance. Effective road surface monitoring is an ongoing challenge to the management agency. The current pothole detection, which is conducted image processing with a manual operation, is labour-intensive and time-consuming. Computer vision offers a mean to automate its visual inspection process using digital imaging, hence, identifying potholes from a series of images. The goal of this study is to apply different YOLO models for pothole detection. Three state-of-the-art object detection frameworks (i.e., YOLOv4, YOLOv4-tiny, and YOLOv5s) are experimented to measure their performance involved in real-time responsiveness and detection accuracy using the image set. The image set is identified by running the deep convolutional neural network (CNN) on several deep learning pothole detectors. After collecting a set of 665 images in 720 × 720 pixels resolution that captures various types of potholes on different road surface conditions, the set is divided into training, testing, and validation subsets. A mean average precision at 50% Intersection-over-Union threshold (mAP_0.5) is used to measure the performance of models. The study result shows that the mAP_0.5 of YOLOv4, YOLOv4-tiny, and YOLOv5s are 77.7%, 78.7%, and 74.8%, respectively. It confirms that the YOLOv4-tiny is the best fit model for pothole detection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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11 pages, 5427 KiB  
Article
Infrastructure BIM Platform for Lifecycle Management
by Keunyoung Jang, Jong-Woo Kim, Ki-Beom Ju and Yun-Kyu An
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(21), 10310; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app112110310 - 03 Nov 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3636
Abstract
Recently, the application of the BIM technique to infrastructure lifecycle management has increased rapidly to improve the efficiency of infrastructure management systems. Research on the lifecycle management of infrastructure, from planning and design to construction and management, has been carried out. Therefore, a [...] Read more.
Recently, the application of the BIM technique to infrastructure lifecycle management has increased rapidly to improve the efficiency of infrastructure management systems. Research on the lifecycle management of infrastructure, from planning and design to construction and management, has been carried out. Therefore, a systematic review of the literature on recent research is performed to analyze the current state of the BIM technique. State-of-the-art techniques for infrastructure lifecycle management, such as unmanned robots, sensors and processing techniques, artificial intelligence, etc., are also reviewed. An infrastructure BIM platform framework composed of BIM and state-of-the-art techniques is then proposed. The proposed platform is a web-based platform that contains quantity, schedule (4D), and cost (5D) construction management, and the monitoring systems enable collaboration with stakeholders in a Common Data Environment (CDE). The lifecycle management methodology, after infrastructure construction, is then completed and is developed using state-of-the-art techniques using unmanned robots, scan-to-BIM, and deep learning networks, etc. It is confirmed that collaboration with stakeholders in the CDE in construction management is possible using an infrastructure BIM platform. Moreover, lifecycle management of infrastructure is possible by systematic management, such as time history analysis, damage growth prediction, decision of repair and demolition, etc., using a regular inspection database based on an infrastructure BIM platform. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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24 pages, 13067 KiB  
Article
Smart Facility Management System Based on Open BIM and Augmented Reality Technology
by Suwan Chung, Chung-Suk Cho, Jinwoo Song, Kyuhyup Lee, Seojoon Lee and Soonwook Kwon
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(21), 10283; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app112110283 - 02 Nov 2021
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 4301
Abstract
With the wave of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the construction industry is also witnessing the application of numerous state-of-the-art technologies. Among these, augmented reality (AR) technology has the advantage of utilizing existing 3D models and BIM data and is thus an area of [...] Read more.
With the wave of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the construction industry is also witnessing the application of numerous state-of-the-art technologies. Among these, augmented reality (AR) technology has the advantage of utilizing existing 3D models and BIM data and is thus an area of active research. However, the main area of research to date has either been in visualizing information during the design phase, where architects and project stakeholders can share viewings, or in confirming the required information for construction management through visualization during the construction phase. As such, more research is required in the application of AR during the facility management (FM) phase. Research utilizing BIM in the FM phase, which constitutes the longest period during the lifecycle of a building, has been continuously carried out but has faced challenges with regard to on-site application. The reason for this is that information required for BIM during the design, construction and FM phases is different, and the reproduced information is vast, so identifying the required BIM data for FM and interfacing with other systems is difficult. As a measure to overcome this limitation, advanced countries such as the US and UK have developed and are using Construction Operations Building information exchange (COBie), which is an open-source BIM-based information exchange system. In order to effectively convert open-source BIM data to AR data, this research defined COBie data for windows and doors, converted them to a system and validated that it could actually be applied for on-site FM. The results of this system’s creation and validation showed that the proposed AR-based smart FMS demonstrated faster and easier access to information compared with existing 2D blueprint-based FM work, while information obtained through AR allowed for immediate, more visual and easier means to express the information when integrated with actual objects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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19 pages, 4903 KiB  
Article
The Contribution of Ecosystem Regulating Services Based on Their Interrelationship in the Urban Ecosystem
by Hyunsu Kim, Kyushik Oh and Dongwoo Lee
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(20), 9610; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11209610 - 15 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1948
Abstract
The urban ecosystem provides many services that help humans lead physically and mentally healthy lives. The quality of such urban ecosystem services is closely related to various urban forms, such as land cover, land use, buildings, infrastructure, population, and type and scale of [...] Read more.
The urban ecosystem provides many services that help humans lead physically and mentally healthy lives. The quality of such urban ecosystem services is closely related to various urban forms, such as land cover, land use, buildings, infrastructure, population, and type and scale of green space. This study aims to promote the overall improvement and balance of an urban ecosystem’s regulating services. Initially, ecosystem regulating services are assessed according to the type of the urban space, and their contributions are analyzed based on linear regression slope and pairwise comparison of the ecosystem services. The contribution of ecosystem regulating services of Suwon City in South Korea was assessed through the following process: (1) selection of assessment indices and assessment methods for urban ecosystem regulating services; (2) urban space classification; (3) ecosystem regulating service assessment by type of urban space; and (4) pairwise comparison of ecosystem regulating services by type and for the entire study area. The study areas are classified into six type areas: forests (type A), agricultural land (type B), low-rise residential areas (type C), mid-rise mixed (residential and commercial) areas (type D), high-rise residential areas (type E), and industrial and barren land (type F). By studying representative regulating services, such as vegetation vitality, flood reduction capacity, carbon storage capacity, and heat reduction capacity, this study confirmed that type A provided the best service, while type C provided the worst. In addition, the relative contribution analysis between the regulating services based on pairwise comparison showed that the standard deviation between the contributions was 0.04 when diagnosing the entire study area, but apparently no types except type A were balanced. The reason such regulating services are imbalanced is that their vegetation vitality was calculated to be the lowest compared with the assessment indices of type A. Additionally, this imbalance was found to be most severe in the mid-rise mixed (residential and commercial) districts. Through this study, the spatial types in which the ecosystem regulating services in Suwon City are imbalanced could be determined. It was also revealed that regulating services should be prioritized for improvement in order to achieve greater balance in urban ecosystem. Such pairwise comparison results can be effectively utilized in determining the area and supply needed when formulating urban greening plans and forest restoration plans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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16 pages, 4390 KiB  
Article
Case Study of Solar Photovoltaic Power-Plant Site Selection for Infrastructure Planning Using a BIM-GIS-Based Approach
by Jae Heo, Hyounseok Moon, Soowon Chang, SangUk Han and Dong-Eun Lee
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(18), 8785; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11188785 - 21 Sep 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 6000
Abstract
Evaluating the site-selection process for photovoltaic (PV) plants is essential for securing available areas for solar power plant installation in limited spaces. Although the vicinities of highway networks can be suitable for installing PV plants, in terms of economic feasibility, they have rarely [...] Read more.
Evaluating the site-selection process for photovoltaic (PV) plants is essential for securing available areas for solar power plant installation in limited spaces. Although the vicinities of highway networks can be suitable for installing PV plants, in terms of economic feasibility, they have rarely been investigated because the impacts of various factors, including geographic or weather patterns, have not been analyzed. In this respect, this study conducts a case study on selecting the site for PV-panel installation in the vicinity of a highway (e.g., slopes) by integrating geographic information system (GIS) and building information model (BIM) techniques. Using location (e.g., highways, lakes, rivers), monthly solar power output, and orographic (e.g., slope) data, suitable regions are identified with the geo-spatial analysis; then, the amount of power that can be generated is evaluated in the regions. For the proposed sites, the surface conditions and potential PV systems are transformed and visualized in a BIM environment. In the results, the power output at optimal sites selected from the case area was computed at a total of 8227 MWh and was transformed into solar-panel families in three-dimensional environments. Thus, this study may help to identify optimal sites for PV plants in the unused areas near highways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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22 pages, 12661 KiB  
Article
Assessment of BIM Competencies and Correlation Analysis between Competencies and Career Characteristics of FAB Construction Project Participants
by Songyi Lee, Suwan Chung, Soonwook Kwon, Chung-Suk Cho and Kyuhyup Lee
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(18), 8468; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11188468 - 13 Sep 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2638
Abstract
Currently, BIM implementation in domestic FAB construction projects is in such an early stage that they are benchmarking the BIM implementation method applied in the conventional building sector. As such, in order to enhance the usability of BIM in FAB construction projects, it [...] Read more.
Currently, BIM implementation in domestic FAB construction projects is in such an early stage that they are benchmarking the BIM implementation method applied in the conventional building sector. As such, in order to enhance the usability of BIM in FAB construction projects, it is necessary to have a correct understanding of FAB construction and to apply BIM in accordance with the characteristics of FAB. This requires defining critical BIM competencies needed by the participants of FAB construction projects in undertaking their tasks as well as identifying their current level of competency possessed. Accordingly, this study defined and presented BIM competencies that reflect the characteristics of FAB through the analysis of typical tasks related to FAB construction projects. For this, project participants from three FAB construction project sites in Korea (where BIM was implemented) were recruited, and a survey was conducted on their status of competency level. Moreover, a comparative analysis was conducted focusing on the correlations between their career characteristics (‘Construction project experience’, ‘BIM-based construction project experience’, ‘FAB construction project experience’, ‘BIM-based FAB construction project experience’ and ‘Overall project experiences’) and their current level of BIM competencies. As a result, high correlations were found between BIM competencies and BIM-based FAB construction project experience for the owner group, whereas competency items related to BIM-based construction project experience showed high correlations for the designer group. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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17 pages, 5745 KiB  
Article
Establishment of a Geographic Information System-Based Algorithm to Analyze Suitable Locations for Green Roofs and Roadside Trees
by Heeju Kim, Kyushik Oh and Dongwoo Lee
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(16), 7368; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11167368 - 10 Aug 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2171
Abstract
Urban green spaces offer various ecosystem services such as those for controlling the urban microclimate, improving water circulation, and providing leisure and recreation opportunities. However, it is almost impossible to create new, large green spaces in cities where urbanization has been long underway. [...] Read more.
Urban green spaces offer various ecosystem services such as those for controlling the urban microclimate, improving water circulation, and providing leisure and recreation opportunities. However, it is almost impossible to create new, large green spaces in cities where urbanization has been long underway. Consequently, small-scale green spaces such as green roofs and roadside trees are gaining attention as features that can increase the effects of ecosystem services. Although the area of individual buildings in urban areas is relatively small, the sum of building rooftop areas account for a large portion of urban areas. Moreover, there are areas widely available throughout cities where street trees could be planted. However, this requires large amounts of accurate databases (DBs) and long-term spatial analyses to identify specific locations suitable for small-scale green facilities on a citywide scale using a geographic information system (GIS). Consequently, in-depth research on this topic has been insufficient. Thus, this study presents an algorithm to analyze locations where green roofs and roadside trees could be introduced based on GIS spatial analysis and verifies the effectiveness of the algorithm built for the city of Seoul. In addition, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling is performed to analyze the temperature reduction effect, the representative function of ecosystem control services that can be brought about by the potential green spaces. The results show that rooftop greening in study areas is possible in 311,793 of 742,770 buildings. The rooftop floor area of buildings that can apply rooftop greening is 33,288,745 m2, which is about 50% of the total area of the rooftop in Seoul. It was found that roadside trees could be planted on a sidewalk with an extension length of 872,725 m and an area of 838,864 m2. A total of 145,366 trees can be planted in the study area. In addition, it was shown that the introduction of green roofs reduced temperatures by 0.13 °C to 0.14 °C and roadside trees reduced temperatures by 0.14 °C to 0.6 °C. With the growing need to improve urban ecosystem services as a result of rapid climate change, the algorithm developed in this study can be utilized to create spatial policies that expand and manage urban green spaces and thereby contribute to the improvement of urban ecosystem services. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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20 pages, 12714 KiB  
Article
BIM Environment Based Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) Resource Optimization System for Small to Medium-Sized Architectural Design Firms
by Kyuhyup Lee, Joonghwan Shin, Soonwook Kwon, Chung-Suk Cho and Suwan Chung
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(13), 6160; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11136160 - 02 Jul 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2586
Abstract
The recent fourth industrial revolution and the era of post-COVID-19 have ushered in a series of technologies including a 5G network and online systems, such as cloud computing technology. In other industries, extensive studies on cloud platforms utilizing such technologies were conducted. Although [...] Read more.
The recent fourth industrial revolution and the era of post-COVID-19 have ushered in a series of technologies including a 5G network and online systems, such as cloud computing technology. In other industries, extensive studies on cloud platforms utilizing such technologies were conducted. Although the cloud environment has taken on greater importance in the construction sector as well, it was used only for servers, failing to fully reflect the characteristics of the cloud system. In particular, compared to large architectural design firms, it is challenging for small to medium-sized design firms to establish a virtual cloud computing environment, which requires high capital investment. Targeting small to medium-sized architectural design firms in Korea, this study was conducted to introduce the VDI system, one of the cloud computing technologies that was recently used in other industries, to the BIM environment for initial application, operation, and management. Specifically, after an analysis was carried out to see if the VDI system utilized in other industries may resolve the hindrance faced with the BIM environment in the construction industry, the KBimVdi system was created based on an algorithm for estimating server scales by analyzing the VDI system suitable for the BIM work environment. This was followed by a validation of the KBimVdi system based on selected projects carried out by small to medium-sized architectural firms where BIM was used for design work. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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14 pages, 3293 KiB  
Article
Digital Twin for Supply Chain Coordination in Modular Construction
by Dongmin Lee and SangHyun Lee
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(13), 5909; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11135909 - 25 Jun 2021
Cited by 84 | Viewed by 9286
Abstract
Over the past decades, the construction industry has been attracted to modular construction because of its benefits for reduced project scheduling and costs. However, schedule deviation risks in the logistics process of modular construction can derail its benefits and thus interfere with its [...] Read more.
Over the past decades, the construction industry has been attracted to modular construction because of its benefits for reduced project scheduling and costs. However, schedule deviation risks in the logistics process of modular construction can derail its benefits and thus interfere with its widespread application. To address this issue, we aim to develop a digital twin framework for real-time logistics simulation, which can predict potential logistics risks and accurate module arrival time. The digital twin, a virtual replica of the physical module, updates its virtual asset based on building information modeling (BIM) in near real-time using internet of thing (IoT) sensors. Then, the virtual asset is transferred and exploited for logistics simulation in a geographic information system (GIS)-based routing application. We tested this framework in a case project where modules are manufactured at a factory, delivered to the site via a truck, and assembled onsite. The results show that potential logistical risks and accurate module arrival time can be detected via the suggested digital twin framework. This paper’s primary contribution is the development of a framework that mediates IoT, BIM, and GIS for reliable simulation which predicts potential logistics risks and accurate module delivery time. Such reliable risk prediction enables effective supply chain coordination, which can improve project performance and the widespread application of modular construction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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15 pages, 5852 KiB  
Communication
Automatic Creation of Heuristic-Based Truck Movement Paths for Construction Equipment Control
by Sung-Keun Kim, Jung-Woo Jang and Wongi S. Na
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(13), 5837; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11135837 - 23 Jun 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1572
Abstract
The demand for technologies related to smart construction is rising as the need for increased productivity in the field of construction becomes ever more important. The fourth industrial revolution has accelerated the growth of advanced technologies, including artificial intelligence, 5G, the internet of [...] Read more.
The demand for technologies related to smart construction is rising as the need for increased productivity in the field of construction becomes ever more important. The fourth industrial revolution has accelerated the growth of advanced technologies, including artificial intelligence, 5G, the internet of things, and more, and these technologies are key in relation to smart construction. During the construction phase of our study, a truck travelled along a temporary road within a construction site. Thus, optimizing the location of the temporary road enhances the truck’s moving path, resulting in increased productivity in the road construction process. Thus, in this work, the concept of automating a path for construction equipment (a truck) is proposed. The construction site was divided into cells, where five factors were suggested to create a cost model that could automatically be used to create one of the most efficient paths for construction equipment. With the proposed concept, one can automatically create one of the most efficient paths when deciding the location for a temporary road during construction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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23 pages, 9184 KiB  
Article
BIM-GIS-Based Integrated Framework for Underground Utility Management System for Earthwork Operations
by Abubakar Sharafat, Muhammad Shoaib Khan, Kamran Latif, Waqas Arshad Tanoli, Wonyoung Park and Jongwon Seo
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(12), 5721; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11125721 - 20 Jun 2021
Cited by 31 | Viewed by 6460
Abstract
Underground utilities are important assets that provide basic services for society’s daily life. They are generally very complex and remain unnoticed until they fail due to any particular reason. The stakeholders involved in the design, construction, and maintenance of utility infrastructure face many [...] Read more.
Underground utilities are important assets that provide basic services for society’s daily life. They are generally very complex and remain unnoticed until they fail due to any particular reason. The stakeholders involved in the design, construction, and maintenance of utility infrastructure face many problems due to the traditional underground utility management system, resulting in injuries, loss of life, disruptions, project delays, and financial loss. The problem with the traditional system is that it uses 2D drawings and keeps unreliable information or a lack of updated information, which makes it an inefficient utility management system. With the advancement in construction information technology, we can address this effectively by integrating BIM and GIS. In this paper, a novel integrated BIM-GIS framework for underground utility management systems was developed on the basis of IFC to CityGML mapping. It provides an effective underground utility management system that facilitates designers in optimization of the design, assists in the excavator’s operator by providing real-time three-dimensional spatial information during the construction process, and acts as an as-built information database for utility facility management. For validation, a real-time project case study indicated that the proposed system can effectively provide comprehensive underground utility information at different project stages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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14 pages, 2129 KiB  
Article
GIS-Based Evaluation Method for Accessibility of Social Infrastructure Facilities
by Hayeon Yhee, Sungpyo Kim and Sanghyeok Kang
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(12), 5581; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11125581 - 16 Jun 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3426
Abstract
Social infrastructure is provided to improve the quality of life of residents. There are two approaches to social infrastructure planning: (1) a population-based approach and (2) an access-based approach. A plan for the social infrastructure facilities in South Korea has been developed based [...] Read more.
Social infrastructure is provided to improve the quality of life of residents. There are two approaches to social infrastructure planning: (1) a population-based approach and (2) an access-based approach. A plan for the social infrastructure facilities in South Korea has been developed based on the population or number of households in a region. Recently, the South Korean government presented a guideline in which accessibility is included in the criteria. This study proposes a comprehensive evaluation method for the accessibility of social infrastructure and for identifying residential areas with poor access. To obtain the travel time between the residence and the social infrastructure facility, we employed a navigation application programming interface that provides a travel time that reflects the resistances in an actual situation. The accessibility index (AI) is defined as a population-weighted average travel time. We also identified residential areas with poor access to social infrastructure by creating accessibility maps. This study includes social infrastructure facilities, such as parks, libraries, elementary schools, childcare centers, kindergartens, and sports facilities. The method proposed in this study was applied to Namdong-gu, Incheon Metropolitan City, South Korea, to evaluate its applicability. The proposed method has advantages in that (1) the AI is easy to understand because it represents an intuitive index for the overall accessibility in minutes of a region, and (2) accessibility maps effectively identify residential areas with poor access. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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22 pages, 2821 KiB  
Article
Geotechnical Property Modeling and Construction Safety Zoning Based on GIS and BIM Integration
by Muhammad Shoaib Khan, Jaemin Park and Jongwon Seo
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(9), 4004; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11094004 - 28 Apr 2021
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 4308
Abstract
The increase in population and urbanization needs attention towards intense construction activities to meet the social and economic needs. Soil excavation is a primary step in every construction project that needs proper surface and subsurface information modeling since it is vulnerable to construction [...] Read more.
The increase in population and urbanization needs attention towards intense construction activities to meet the social and economic needs. Soil excavation is a primary step in every construction project that needs proper surface and subsurface information modeling since it is vulnerable to construction hazards. Geographic information system (GIS) provides significant information about the existing contextual surface information while building information modeling (BIM) gives information about the asset in a great detail that has been integrated into the construction industry for many applications. However, the integration of BIM and GIS for the subsurface geotechnical property modeling and classification into zones has been rarely explored. This paper presents the integration of BIM and GIS for modeling geotechnical properties and safe construction zones based on soil type. The use of open standard IFC classes such as IfcBorehole, IfcGeoslice, and IfcGeomodel enhances the collaboration and allows the exchange of geotechnical information among different stakeholders. The method has been applied to the in-situ and laboratory test dataset of the Peshawar, region, to validate the proof of concept. The results demonstrate that the proposed method successfully integrates BIM and GIS providing a three-dimensional surface and subsurface model. The 3D digital geotechnical model has excellent potential to provide information about soil type, properties, depth, and volume of each available soil layer that can be used by construction planners and managers to identify best construction practices and plan for safe construction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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14 pages, 11833 KiB  
Article
The Integration of Earthwork Design Review and Planning Using UAV-Based Point Cloud and BIM
by Jeonghwan Kim, Soomin Lee, Jongwon Seo, Dong-Eun Lee and Hee Seon Choi
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(8), 3435; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11083435 - 12 Apr 2021
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3304
Abstract
Earthwork is seemingly guesswork, but it requires a high level of accuracy and precise planning. Differences between earthwork design and finishing levels cause project delays and cost overrun due to the time-consuming nature of earthwork re-work. Therefore, error-free earthwork planning and design review [...] Read more.
Earthwork is seemingly guesswork, but it requires a high level of accuracy and precise planning. Differences between earthwork design and finishing levels cause project delays and cost overrun due to the time-consuming nature of earthwork re-work. Therefore, error-free earthwork planning and design review is a key to the success of earthwork projects. This study utilized an integrated approach of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based point cloud and BIM (Building Information Modeling) to verify the design and to operate the earthwork planning. The integrated approach was proposed and applied to a 420 square meters housing construction project to review an original earthwork design and create an earthwork plan for excavator work. As a result, errors in earthwork design that caused by inaccurate initial DEM was revealed, thus the earthwork design was revised with a UAV-based point cloud map. Additionally, the integrated approach was able to generate an explicit task sequence for an excavator. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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9 pages, 15064 KiB  
Article
Applicability of Formwork Automation Design Software for Aluminum Formwork
by Bokyeong Lee, Hyeonggil Choi, Byongwang Min and Dong-Eun Lee
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(24), 9029; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10249029 - 17 Dec 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3610
Abstract
In this study, by applying the developed formwork automation design software to three target structures, we reviewed the applicability of the formwork automation design software for the aluminum formwork. To apply the formwork automation design software, we built an aluminum formwork library based [...] Read more.
In this study, by applying the developed formwork automation design software to three target structures, we reviewed the applicability of the formwork automation design software for the aluminum formwork. To apply the formwork automation design software, we built an aluminum formwork library based on the conversion of two-dimensional (2D) computer-aided design (CAD) data to three-dimensional building information modeling data for all the components of the aluminum formwork. The results of the automated formwork layout on the target structures using the formwork automation design software confirmed that the wall and deck members were laid out by the set algorithm according to the formwork size and direction. However, because of the limited functionality of the software, the level of completion of the formwork layout was found to be lower than that of the manual formwork layout based on 2D CAD data. The currently developed software is based on a simple algorithm, but has a drawback in that the automated layout is limited to only some of its members. Therefore, additional research should be conducted on the development of advanced software through the diversification of the algorithm, automation of preprocessing of the mesh, and analysis of the relationships of all the members comprising the formwork. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Geographic Information System and Building Information Modelling)
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