Green Communications in Smart City

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Industrial Technologies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2020) | Viewed by 4437

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A smart city incorporates communication technologies to support connections among various sensors, devices, and embedded platforms deployed in the surrounding environments. The communication technologies improve the performance and quality of urban services in the smart city, such as transportation, energy, and utilities, to lower the consumption of resources and to provide information sharing capabilities. Because of the high-density deployment of devices and the exponentially growing number of actuators and sensors in the smart city, the next generation of communication technologies, such as 5G/6G, are emerging. These communication technologies are liable to substantial energy requirements and impact significantly on greenhouse gas emissions globally to support connectivity between billions of new devices and tons of message transferring among these devices in the smart city. Hence, energy-efficient communications are critical to sustainable smart cities.  

Recently, green communication has become prevalent, as it supports energy-efficient communications and minimizes the use of resources by using various methodologies, such as practicing server consolidation, implementing virtualization, and many more. However, green communications in smart cities are challenging because of the massive variety of devices, heterogeneous networking and communication protocols, diverse quality of services with different kind of applications, tradeoff between energy efficiency and performance, heterogeneous architecture and technologies, different deployment scenarios, and traffic requirements. The aim of this Special Issue is to accumulate scientific manuscripts on the practical and theoretical aspects associated with smart cities and green communications. The key focus is to describe the emerging developments and advances, in order to mitigate the challenges in adopting green communications in smart cities. Topics may include, but are not limited to, the following:  

  • Energy-efficient transmission network protocols and technologies for smart cities;
  • Green switching and routing for smart cities;
  • Energy-efficient data centers, storage, edge computing, and cloud computing;
  • Green hardware, software, sensors devices, and platforms for sustainable smart cities;
  • Green communication architecture for 5G/6G networks;
  • Security and privacy for green communication technologies;
  • Green wireline communications and networking;
  • Energy-efficient scheduling and resource management;
  • Artificial intelligence for green communication;
  • Blockchain, green communication, and smart city;
  • Cognitive computing for smart city;
  • Green communication for cyber–physical systems;
  • Green traffic shaping and policy implementation;
  • Context-based green communication for smart city.

Prof. Dr. Jong Hyuk Park
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Green communications
  • Smart cities
  • 5G/6G
  • Cyber–physical system
  • Information security
  • IoT
  • Blockchain
  • Cognitive computing
  • Deep learning
  • Artificial intelligence

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1330 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Offloading Model for Distributed Collaboration in Edge Computing: A Use Case on Forest Fires Management
by Jieun Kang, Svetlana Kim, Jaeho Kim, NakMyoung Sung and YongIk Yoon
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(7), 2334; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10072334 - 29 Mar 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2118
Abstract
With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT), the amount of data is growing and becoming more diverse. There are several problems when transferring data to the cloud, such as limitations on network bandwidth and latency. That has generated considerable interest in [...] Read more.
With the development of the Internet of Things (IoT), the amount of data is growing and becoming more diverse. There are several problems when transferring data to the cloud, such as limitations on network bandwidth and latency. That has generated considerable interest in the study of edge computing, which processes and analyzes data near the network terminals where data is causing. The edge computing can extract insight data from a large number of data and provide fast essential services through simple analysis. The edge computing has a real-time advantage, but also has disadvantages, such as limited edge node capacity. The edge node for edge computing causes overload and delays in completing the task. In this paper, we proposes an efficient offloading model through collaboration between edge nodes for the prevention of overload and response to potential danger quickly in emergencies. In the proposed offloading model, the functions of edge computing are divided into data-centric and task-centric offloading. The offloading model can reduce the edge node overload based on a centralized, inefficient distribution and trade-off occurring in the edge node. That is the leading cause of edge node overload. So, this paper shows a collaborative offloading model in edge computing that guarantees real-time and prevention overload prevention based on data-centric offloading and task-centric offloading. Also, we present an intelligent offloading model based on several scenarios of forest fire ignition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Communications in Smart City)
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18 pages, 1661 KiB  
Article
A Design for SDN-Based Identifier–Locator Separation Architecture on IoT Networks
by Chan Haeng Lee and Ji Su Park
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(6), 2144; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10062144 - 21 Mar 2020
Viewed by 1804
Abstract
In upcoming smart urban environments, various things can be interconnected, and the Internet of Things (IoT) can be used to construct a safer and more convenient urban environment. Things in the IoT need an addressing system that can uniquely identify each one; internet [...] Read more.
In upcoming smart urban environments, various things can be interconnected, and the Internet of Things (IoT) can be used to construct a safer and more convenient urban environment. Things in the IoT need an addressing system that can uniquely identify each one; internet protocol (IP) addresses can be used for this purpose. The IP address the two roles of an identifier and a locator. However, this binding has problems related to mobility and multihoming, and it is hard to deploy on a legacy IP system because of some limitations of sensor devices. To solve the problem, we propose a design for software-defined networking (SDN)-based identifier–locator separation architecture on IoT networks. In the proposed scheme, Internet Protocol version 6(IPv6)-based addresses are used for the identifiers and locators. The network is partitioned into a host identity domain for local routing and an IP domain for global routing. The host identity domain operates as an overlaid network over the IP domain, and it makes the unrouteable identifiers routable with a distributed hash table (DHT)-based routing strategy. For the evaluation of the proposed scheme, a packet forwarding cost and signaling cost model is calculated, and the results show that the proposed scheme is conjugable to an IoT network environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Green Communications in Smart City)
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