Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
4.5
2.7
Journals
Applied Sciences
Special Issues
Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes
share announcement

Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Earth Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 25240

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Anatoly Soloviev

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GC RAS), Director (Molodezhnaya St. 3, 119296 Moscow, Russia
Interests: mathematical methods of data mining in geophysics; geoinformatics; geoinformation systems for geoscience studies; geomagnetic field; magnetic observatories; core magnetic field dynamics; ionosphere current systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue will focus on the wide range of aspects related to deployment and operation of magnetic stations, observatories, and repeat stations, as well as the modern techniques of the field, aerial, and marine magnetic surveys. Special attention will be paid to advanced mathematical tools and algorithms aimed at systematic improvement of recorded data and their possible real-time applications. Ground-based geomagnetic observations are an indispensable source of information on the Earth’s magnetic field dynamics. Magnetic stations and observatories provide continuous and homogeneous time-series of geomagnetic elements for decades and centuries. This crucial feature enables retrospective analysis of the long-term evolution of the geomagnetic field, which is unfortunately lacking in low-orbit satellite missions. This Issue also welcomes submissions devoted to modern mathematical approaches to the comprehensive analysis and interpretation of geomagnetic information, data mining and modeling. Fundamental studies of both internal and external magnetic fields using ground-based observations will be in the scope of the Special Issue. We encourage contributors of the regional and global networks, scientists who actively employ ground-based geomagnetic data in their studies and geomagnetic instrument manufacturers to share their results through the Special Issue.

Dr. Anatoly Soloviev
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Earth’s magnetic field
  • geomagnetic observations
  • geomagnetic stations
  • magnetic observatories
  • geomagnetic repeat stations
  • magnetic survey
  • magnetometers
  • potential field modeling
  • data mining
  • core magnetic field
  • ionosphere current systems
  • magnetosphere current systems
  • geophysical data analysis
  • mathematical methods in geophysics
  • real-time data

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (15 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review

17 pages, 3645 KiB  
Article
On the Magnetic Properties of Construction Materials for Magnetic Observatories
by Roman Krasnoperov, Roman Sidorov, Andrew Grudnev, Jon Karapetyan and Dmitry Lazarev
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2246; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app13042246 - 09 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1481
Abstract
The installation and development of a magnetic observatory can require additional studies of the magnetic properties of construction materials for pavilions and measurement pillars, as well as of the environmental conditions, including, first of all, the magnetic properties of the surrounding rocks. In [...] Read more.
The installation and development of a magnetic observatory can require additional studies of the magnetic properties of construction materials for pavilions and measurement pillars, as well as of the environmental conditions, including, first of all, the magnetic properties of the surrounding rocks. In some cases, detailed studies of magnetic susceptibility can be necessary. To date, these procedures have only briefly been described in the existing manuals and guides. With the development of new construction materials, as well as with the increase in the number of magnetic observatories, the need for such studies has risen even more. This article is focused on studies of the magnetic properties of construction materials for magnetic observatories, and the results are presented based on our experience in the deployment of magnetic observatories and stations in Russia and abroad. An overview of the magnetic susceptibility of different materials is presented. A kappametry method and its application to studies of construction materials are described, and the results of magnetic susceptibility tests performed on the construction materials and the surrounding rocks in the vicinity of an observatory are provided. Finally, some recommendations for studies of materials for observatory construction are given. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 2033 KiB  
Article
Observation and Study of Lithospheric Magnetic Anomalies on Profile SD in Mongolia
by Jiehao Yuan, Zuowen Gu, Changjiang Xin, Chengke Song, Bin Chen, Zhendong Wang and Can Wang
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(17), 8517; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12178517 - 25 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1249
Abstract
To understand the deep tectonic environment at the origin of strong earthquakes along the northern section of the North-South seismic belt and the central continental block of Mongolia, large-scale gravity and geomagnetic surveys and rock sample collection were carried out along the Suhbaatar-Ulaanbaatar-Dalandzadgad [...] Read more.
To understand the deep tectonic environment at the origin of strong earthquakes along the northern section of the North-South seismic belt and the central continental block of Mongolia, large-scale gravity and geomagnetic surveys and rock sample collection were carried out along the Suhbaatar-Ulaanbaatar-Dalandzadgad profile in Mongolia. The spatial distribution characteristics of the lithospheric magnetic field at 160 geomagnetic measuring points along the profile were then systematically analyzed and summarized. Based on the composition of the lithospheric magnetic field from different sources at different depths combined with the regional geological structure and collected rock sample lithology, the lithospheric magnetic field was further decomposed into different components—the basement, middle layer, and shallow surface—by the upward continuation method. The results show that these components have obvious zoning characteristics and that the lithospheric magnetic field distribution of the Suhbaatar-Ulaanbaatar-Dalandzadgad profile is related to the geological structure, rock lithology, seismic activity, natural remanent magnetization, and magnetic susceptibility. Many destructive earthquakes have occurred in the area where the lithospheric magnetic field changes dramatically, the lithologies are dominantly igneous, and the magnetic susceptibility and natural remanent magnetization are high. In contrast, the lithologies in the area with moderate variation in the lithospheric magnetic field are mostly sedimentary, the magnetic susceptibility and natural remanent magnetization are low, and destructive earthquakes are rare. Since the lithospheric magnetic field reflects the magnetic characteristics of the rocks above the Curie interface, its spatial distribution not only corresponds to the geological structure but also predicts the depth and location of faults. Therefore, it is significant to carry out geomagnetic surveys and rock sampling to analyze the characteristics of geological structures and research regional seismicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 4830 KiB  
Article
The Variation of Counter-Electrojet Current at the Southeast Asian Sector during Different Solar Activity Levels
by Nur Izzati Mohd Rosli, Nurul Shazana Abdul Hamid, Mardina Abdullah, Khairul Adib Yusof, Akimasa Yoshikawa, Teiji Uozumi and Babatunde Rabiu
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(14), 7138; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12147138 - 15 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1065
Abstract
Studies on counter-electrojet currents (CEJ) using ground data revealed that this current could occur simultaneously among locations that are less than 30° longitude apart. In our work, the symmetricity of CEJ variation between the west and east of Southeast Asia, separated by ~25°, [...] Read more.
Studies on counter-electrojet currents (CEJ) using ground data revealed that this current could occur simultaneously among locations that are less than 30° longitude apart. In our work, the symmetricity of CEJ variation between the west and east of Southeast Asia, separated by ~25°, was preliminarily examined according to its types: morning (MCEJ) and afternoon (ACEJ). Since most of the past studies had overlooked the occurrence after dusk, the monitoring period was also extended from 18:00 to 21:00 LT, namely, the post-sunset depletion (PSD). The magnetometer station in Davao, Philippines (DAV) and Langkawi, Malaysia (LKW) were chosen to represent the east and west parts. The EEJ index (i.e., EUEL) over the periods of the solar cycle 24 (2008–2018) was utilized specifically during magnetically quiet days (Kp < 3). As the result, both parts symmetrically showed that MCEJ and ACEJ were positively and negatively correlated with the F10.7 index. Contrarily, MCEJ and ACEJ were asymmetrically prominent in the east and west. CEJ types also varied symmetrically with the season, especially for MCEJ and ACEJ (at high level), prominent during Equinox and J-solstice. Post-sunset depletion (PSD) in both parts was symmetrically solar activity independent, as no correlation with the F10.7 index was observed in the extended observation. PSD that varied symmetrically with season was also solar activity independent, except in the east during Equinox, where it was negatively correlated with the F10.7 index. Our finding also revealed that PSD was prominent during Equinox, except for the high level in the west part. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

17 pages, 6320 KiB  
Article
Monitoring of Geomagnetic and Telluric Field Disturbances in the Russian Arctic
by Olga V. Kozyreva, Vyacheslav A. Pilipenko, Elena E. Marshalko, Elena Yu. Sokolova and Mikhail N. Dobrovolsky
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(8), 3755; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12083755 - 08 Apr 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2522
Abstract
The influence of space factors on technological systems in the Arctic (power transmission lines, oil/gas pipelines) has become critically important. To examine in depth these effects, an archive of digital 1 min data from Soviet/Russian magnetic stations deployed along the Arctic coast was [...] Read more.
The influence of space factors on technological systems in the Arctic (power transmission lines, oil/gas pipelines) has become critically important. To examine in depth these effects, an archive of digital 1 min data from Soviet/Russian magnetic stations deployed along the Arctic coast was created, starting from 1983 to the present. All data from various sources were converted to daily files in standard IAGA-2002 format and supplemented with quick-look magnetograms. Some of these data are included already in the existing world magnetic field databases, but not all. Examples of disturbances known to excite intense geomagnetically induced currents in power transmission lines were presented: irregular Pi3 pulsations and magnetic perturbation events. The database was augmented with the global 3D model of the Earth’s conductivity structure. The given example showed how the combined usage of the geomagnetic field database and the conductivity model enables one to synthesize the geoelectric field response to geomagnetic variations, and to assess the distortions of the pipeline-soil potential. To determine regions most susceptible to geomagnetic hazard, a map with normalized telluric fields was created for a uniform sinusoidally varying magnetic disturbance. This map showed that the largest electrotelluric potentials and field are induced in regions with a high resistivity (e.g., Kola Peninsula and Ural Mountains). This database can be also a useful support for space missions in the magnetosphere. The database is publicly available on the anonymous FTP site. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 3188 KiB  
Article
Evaluating the Effect of Noise from Traffic on HYB Magnetic Observatory Data during COVID-19 Lockdown
by Manjula Lingala, Phani Chandrasekhar Nelapatla and Kusumita Arora
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(5), 2730; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12052730 - 07 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1485
Abstract
Continuous time series data from geomagnetic observatories are increasingly contaminated by anthropogenic noise related to developing socio-economic activities. More and more sophisticated techniques of data processing are used to eliminate this noise; nonetheless, some of it cannot be removed. The main sources of [...] Read more.
Continuous time series data from geomagnetic observatories are increasingly contaminated by anthropogenic noise related to developing socio-economic activities. More and more sophisticated techniques of data processing are used to eliminate this noise; nonetheless, some of it cannot be removed. The main sources of noise in the Hyderabad (HYB) data are vehicular traffic, power lines and a power station, 500 m to 1 km away. During the nationwide COVID-19 pandemic lockdown from 24 March to 17 May 2020, both road and metro rail traffic came to a complete halt. The data from this time interval give us an opportunity to evaluate the effects of the absence of traffic-generated noise sources. We found noticeable differences in the noise levels present in vector and scalar variation data, due to the vehicular noise observed before and during the lockdown periods. Noise spectrum estimates quantify the reduction in the noise levels during this period. We also noticed decreased scatter in absolute values of the H (horizontal), D (declination), Z (vertical) and I (inclination) components of the geomagnetic field during lockdown. The details of increased data quality in the absence of traffic-generated noise sources are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 5223 KiB  
Article
Correlation of Gravity and Magnetic Field Changes Preceding Strong Earthquakes in Yunnan Province
by Dong Liu, Jiancheng Li, Zhe Ni, Yufei Zhao, Qiuyue Zheng and Bin Du
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(5), 2658; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12052658 - 04 Mar 2022
Viewed by 2443
Abstract
The annual variation trend of the gravity and lithospheric magnetic field for adjacent periods are analyzed by using the observation of rover gravity and geomagnetic fields in Yunnan from 2011 to 2021, which tend to be consistent every year during the seismogenic process [...] Read more.
The annual variation trend of the gravity and lithospheric magnetic field for adjacent periods are analyzed by using the observation of rover gravity and geomagnetic fields in Yunnan from 2011 to 2021, which tend to be consistent every year during the seismogenic process of a strong earthquake. Thus, this study normalizes the annual value of the adjacent periods for the gravity and lithospheric magnetic field. The normalized values are converted into two classifications that can be compared within [−1,1]. In Yunnan Province, a grid of 0.1° × 0.1° was used to compare the data correlation between the variation of gravity and the variation in the lithospheric magnetic field at the same location. The results are as follows. First, the variation trend of the gravity field and total magnetic field tend to be synchronous year to year in strong earthquake years. The range of consistency increases gradually with the approach of the earthquake year reaching its maximum one year before the earthquake. Throughout the region, the overlap number of normalized annual variations in gravity and magnetic field reaches its maximum, and the peak difference of kernel density curve reaches its minimum. Second, the correlation coefficient of the annual variation in the gravity and magnetic field increases year to year during the development of a strong earthquake within a smaller region surrounding the event. The maximum appears one year before the earthquake, and after the earthquake, the correlation decreases. The analysis of gravity and magnetic fusion characteristics can be employed for the prediction of strong earthquakes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 3738 KiB  
Article
Chinese Geomagnetic Reference Field 2020 by the Revised Surface Spline Method
by Bin Chen, Jiehao Yuan, Zhe Ni and Can Wang
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(5), 2297; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12052297 - 22 Feb 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1208
Abstract
We improved the surface spline method to make the centers of the base functions fixed. This improvement makes it meaningful to analyze the time series of coefficients. Based on the revised surface spline (RSS) method and 2382 geomagnetic data measured in mainland China, [...] Read more.
We improved the surface spline method to make the centers of the base functions fixed. This improvement makes it meaningful to analyze the time series of coefficients. Based on the revised surface spline (RSS) method and 2382 geomagnetic data measured in mainland China, we built Chinese Geomagnetic Reference Field 2020 (CGRF2020) to describe the spatial distribution of the geomagnetic field in most of China and surrounding areas. The root mean square residual is 0.1318 degrees for D, 0.0857 degrees for I, 93.70 nT for F, 73.94 nT for X, 65.02 nT for Y, and 97.82 nT for Z. The values of F, X, Y, and Z are about 20 nT less than those by the SCH method and IGRF13. We also preliminarily analyzed the correlation between geomagnetic anomalies and geological structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

7 pages, 314 KiB  
Article
Processing Non-Gaussian Data Residuals in Geomagnetism
by Andrey Khokhlov
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(4), 2097; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12042097 - 17 Feb 2022
Viewed by 952
Abstract
Some time ago, we considered non-Gaussian shapes of histograms of quantities that were related to residuals in data: we showed at a qualitative level that non-Gaussianity is most likely the result of mixing of Gaussian distributions. In this addendum, we argue that there [...] Read more.
Some time ago, we considered non-Gaussian shapes of histograms of quantities that were related to residuals in data: we showed at a qualitative level that non-Gaussianity is most likely the result of mixing of Gaussian distributions. In this addendum, we argue that there is a quantitative description that can be used in fairly general situations. Briefly, we present here the same magnetic measurement data that were reported in the original publication: Khokhlov, A.; Hulot, G. On the cause of the non-Gaussian distribution of residuals in geomagnetism. Geophys. J. Int. 2017, 209, 1036–1047. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

22 pages, 5729 KiB  
Article
Wavelet Model of Geomagnetic Field Variations and Its Application to Detect Short-Period Geomagnetic Anomalies
by Oksana Mandrikova, Yuriy Polozov and Sergey Khomutov
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(4), 2072; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12042072 - 16 Feb 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1957
Abstract
Geomagnetic data analysis is an important basis for the investigation of the processes in the near-Earth space, Earth magnetosphere, and ionosphere. The negative impact of geomagnetic anomalies on modern technical objects and human health determine the applied significance of the investigation and requires [...] Read more.
Geomagnetic data analysis is an important basis for the investigation of the processes in the near-Earth space, Earth magnetosphere, and ionosphere. The negative impact of geomagnetic anomalies on modern technical objects and human health determine the applied significance of the investigation and requires the creation of effective methods for timely detection of the anomalies. Priory complicated structure of geomagnetic data makes their formalization and analysis difficult. This paper proposes a wavelet model for geomagnetic field variations. It describes characteristic changes and anomalies of different amplitude and duration. Numerical realization of the model provides the possibility to apply it in online analysis. We describe the process of model identification and show its efficiency in the detection of sudden, short-period geomagnetic anomalies occurring before and during magnetic storms. Raw second data of the Paratunka and Magadan observatories and post-processed minute data were used in the paper. The question of noise effect on the proposed model results was under consideration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

9 pages, 4034 KiB  
Article
An Approach to Diagnostics of Geomagnetically Induced Currents Based on Ground Magnetometers Data
by Andrei Vorobev, Anatoly Soloviev, Vyacheslav Pilipenko, Gulnara Vorobeva and Yaroslav Sakharov
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1522; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12031522 - 30 Jan 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2108
Abstract
The geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) in extended grounded technological systems are driven by telluric electric fields induced by the rapid changes of the geomagnetic field. The paper is concerned with research on the approach to diagnostics of GIC in the power transmission lines [...] Read more.
The geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) in extended grounded technological systems are driven by telluric electric fields induced by the rapid changes of the geomagnetic field. The paper is concerned with research on the approach to diagnostics of GIC in the power transmission lines in northwestern Russia based on data from IMAGE magnetometers. Based on the results of the statistical and correlation analysis of the objective function (the level of the GIC recorded at the Vykhodnoy transformer station) and geomagnetic data recorded by the nearby IMAGE magnetometers, the features that best characterize the target variable in a given region are distinguished. Using machine learning (ML) methods, the defined number of feature objects is used to develop the relationship for the GIC diagnostics. Evaluation of the coefficient of determination for a stack of various ML methods revealed that the regression approach and artificial neural networks (ANN) are the best solution for the problem under consideration. Verification tests have shown that ANN-based approach and regression methods provide nearly the same diagnostic accuracy for GIC (the mean square error 0.12 A2). However, ANN-based methods are less interpretable and require more computer resources. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 3727 KiB  
Article
Piezomagnetic Anomalies Associated with the 2021 MW 7.3 Maduo (China) Earthquake
by Chengke Song, Pengtao Zhang, Can Wang and Fei Chu
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1017; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12031017 - 19 Jan 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1403
Abstract
Stress changes due to earthquake rupture can disturb geomagnetic fields significantly. In order to investigate the impact of the 2021 MW 7.3 Maduo earthquake on geomagnetic fields, a piezomagnetic model is constructed based on the coseismic slip to calculate the static coseismic [...] Read more.
Stress changes due to earthquake rupture can disturb geomagnetic fields significantly. In order to investigate the impact of the 2021 MW 7.3 Maduo earthquake on geomagnetic fields, a piezomagnetic model is constructed based on the coseismic slip to calculate the static coseismic piezomagnetic anomalies (PMs). The PMs are considerable in near-field. However, the PMs are negligible in regions tens of kilometers from the fault rupture. The PMs of our model are consistent with those of other strike-slip earthquakes, indicating that our piezomagnetic model is reasonable. The east component of observed coseismic geomagnetic changes and calculated PMs on a geomagnetic repeat station located about 6 km from fault trace are +4.8 ± 2.2 nanotesla and +4.3 nanotesla, respectively. It seems that the piezomagnetic model can explain the observed data. The PMs are up to 10 nanotesla in the near-field with the initial magnetization of 3 A/m and stress sensitivity of 2 × 10−3 MPa−1. Consequently, considerable coseismic geomagnetic changes that are above error could be observed along the fault, especially at locations with geometrical complexities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 4768 KiB  
Article
Characteristics of Local Geomagnetic Field Variations and the Tectonic Stress Field Adjacent to the 21 May 2021, Ms 6.4 Yangbi Earthquake, Yunnan, China
by Zhendong Wang, Zhe Ni, Shuanggui Chen, Shupeng Su and Jiehao Yuan
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1005; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12031005 - 19 Jan 2022
Viewed by 1398
Abstract
The tectonic processes leading up to an earthquake and the occurrence of the earthquake itself will cause local changes in the geophysical field (geomagnetic field, stress field, etc.). In this paper, the variation characteristics of the tectonic stress field (TSF) and local geomagnetic [...] Read more.
The tectonic processes leading up to an earthquake and the occurrence of the earthquake itself will cause local changes in the geophysical field (geomagnetic field, stress field, etc.). In this paper, the variation characteristics of the tectonic stress field (TSF) and local geomagnetic field (LGF) before and after the Yangbi Ms 6.4 earthquake are studied. The regional stress tensor damping inversion method was used to invert the TSF using focal mechanism solutions (FMSs). The change characteristics of the TSF before and after the earthquake were analyzed. An annual variation model of the LGF was constructed, and the variation of the horizontal vector was analyzed. The azimuth and plunge of the maximum principal compressive stress axis of the TSF in the epicentral region before and after the earthquake were −4.4° and 2.7°, 172.7° and 6.6°, respectively. The variations in the declination, inclination and total intensity of the epicenter one year before and one month after the earthquake were −0.20′ (0.07′), 0.29′ (−0.12′), and −1.7 nT (−1.9 nT), respectively. The epicenter is located at the boundary of the “weak variation region” of the horizontal vector. This research is of great significance concerning the TSF background and incubation mechanism of earthquakes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

7 pages, 1039 KiB  
Article
A Method for Recognition of Sudden Commencements of Geomagnetic Storms Using Digital Differentiating Filters
by Victor Getmanov, Roman Sidorov and Alexei Gvishiani
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(1), 413; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12010413 - 01 Jan 2022
Viewed by 1030
Abstract
This article describes a method for recognizing sudden commencement events using digital differentiating filters. This method is applied to INTERMAGNET observatory data. Maximum amplitude derivatives for the magnetic components (X, Y, Z) and the total intensity (F) [...] Read more.
This article describes a method for recognizing sudden commencement events using digital differentiating filters. This method is applied to INTERMAGNET observatory data. Maximum amplitude derivatives for the magnetic components (X, Y, Z) and the total intensity (F) of the geomagnetic field are introduced, and the decision-making rule is formulated. The authors developed a procedure for selecting optimal digital differentiating filters. Estimates of probabilities of correct and false recognition of sudden commencements were obtained. The calculations of the probabilistic characteristics have confirmed the effectiveness of the method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

18 pages, 5160 KiB  
Article
A Multiscale Approach to Geomagnetic Storm Morphology Analysis Based on DMA Activity Measures
by Sergey Agayan, Shamil Bogoutdinov, Roman Krasnoperov and Roman Sidorov
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(24), 12120; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app112412120 - 20 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1921
Abstract
The article is focused on the approach based on the discrete mathematical analysis conception and continues a series of studies related to the application of the previously developed methodology to geophysical data analysis. The main idea of the study is the modification of [...] Read more.
The article is focused on the approach based on the discrete mathematical analysis conception and continues a series of studies related to the application of the previously developed methodology to geophysical data analysis. The main idea of the study is the modification of earlier conceptions regarding the interpreter’s logic that allows introducing a multiscale approach and performing the time series analysis using the activity measure plots, implying the vertical scale. This approach was used to study the morphology of several intense geomagnetic storms at the final stages of the 23rd and 24th solar activity cycles. Geomagnetic observatory data and interplanetary magnetic field parameters as well as the solar wind flux speed and proton density were analyzed for each of the studied storms using the activity measures. The developed methods, applied to geomagnetic storm morphological analysis, displayed good results in revealing the decreases and increases in various durations and intensities during storms, detecting low-amplitude disturbances, and storm sudden commencement recognition. The results provide an opportunity to analyze any physical data using a unified scale and, in particular, to implement this approach to geomagnetic activity studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research

44 pages, 14805 KiB  
Review
Geodynamic Aspects of Magnetic Data Analysis and Tectonic–Paleomagnetic Mapping in the Easternmost Mediterranean: A Review
by Lev V. Eppelbaum, Youri I. Katz and Zvi Ben-Avraham
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(18), 10541; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app131810541 - 21 Sep 2023
Viewed by 833
Abstract
The Easternmost Mediterranean is a transition region from the ocean to the continent where the spreading and collision zones of the lithospheric plates join. The methodology of paleomagnetic mapping of the transition zones is based on combining geological and geophysical techniques for continental [...] Read more.
The Easternmost Mediterranean is a transition region from the ocean to the continent where the spreading and collision zones of the lithospheric plates join. The methodology of paleomagnetic mapping of the transition zones is based on combining geological and geophysical techniques for continental and oceanic platforms: magnetic data interpretation, paleomagnetic reconstructions, results of magnetized rock radiometric dating, satellite data analysis, tectonic–structural reconstructions, biogeographical studies, and utilization of different geophysical survey results. The satellite-derived gravity map reflects practically all significant tectonic units in the region, which assists us in the supposed paleomagnetic mapping. The satellite-derived and aeromagnetic maps with the tectonic features and the map of Curie discontinuity of Israel indicate the complexity of this region. Advanced magnetic data analysis supported by paleomagnetic data attraction and other geological–geophysical methods allowed the revealing of the block of oceanic crust with the Kiama paleomagnetic zone relating to the Early Permian age. A narrow reversely magnetized Earth crust block was revealed in the Lower Galilee. Some examples of advanced magnetic anomaly analysis are presented for several areas where the magnetization vector inclination is other than the modern direction: the Sea of Galilee, Carmel, Rosh-Ha-Ayin, Malqishon, and Hebron. In Israeli land, for the combined paleomagnetic mapping, the well-studied using paleomagnetic and radiometric methods (as well as tectonic–structural) areas were selected: (1) Makhtesh Ramon, (2) the Sea of Galilee with the adjoining zones, (3) Carmel, (4) Hula, and (5) Hermon. It is shown that the regional analysis of paleomagnetic data distribution played an essential role in detecting the influence of the recently recognized counterclockwise rotating mantle structure on the near-surface layers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ground-Based Geomagnetic Observations: Techniques, Instruments and Scientific Outcomes)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-15
Back to TopTop