Novel Technologies for Heavy Metals Removal from Contaminated Soil

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical and Molecular Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 12066

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Soil Science, Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, ul. Grunwaldzka 53, 50-357 Wrocław, Poland
Interests: organic amendments; biochar; biowaste reuse as soil amendments; soil degradation and fertility; sustainable food production; environmental risk management; impacts of agriculture on soil and GHG emission
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Guest Editor
Institute of Soil Science and Environmental Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
Interests: soil; mine wastes; tailings; potentially toxic elements; arsenic; remediation; risk assessment; biogeochemistry; phytoavailability; ecotoxicity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Applied Sciences welcomes submissions for a Special Issue. This Special Issue will focus on new technologies in remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals.

Heavy metal pollution is a major global concern as human activities such as ore mining and smelting, industrial activities, agriculture, and improper disposal of waste increase the input of this element to environmental components. The major purpose of environmental remediation is to restore contaminated sites or resources to reduce the negative impact of the pollutants on human health and the environment. There are various remediation technologies, e.g., thermal techniques, physical and chemical techniques, and biological techniques such as microbial degradation and phytoremediation; however, there are still multiple challenges associated with remediation as heavy metals are considered as potentially toxic to soil biota and plants, reducing the effectiveness and efficiency of the process. Global industrialization brings new threats with it such as antimony, cobalt, lithium or thallium; however, remediation strategies for more typical elements such as arsenic, mercury, lead or cadmium are still unavailable. A lot of attention has recently been paid to pollution stabilization in soil with different organic and inorganic amendments. Nevertheless, heavy metal immobilization in soil can be a “ticking bomb effect scenario” for future generations.

This Special Issue welcomes articles on these and other themes relating to soil heavy metal pollution and remediation.

Dr. Agnieszka Medyńska-Juraszek
Prof. Dr. Anna Karczewska
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

28 pages, 3490 KiB  
Article
Effects of Garden Amendments on Soil Available Lead and Plant Uptake in a Contaminated Calcareous Soil
by Tara Geiger and Urszula Norton
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(13), 5777; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11135777 - 22 Jun 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3328
Abstract
Gardeners use organic and inorganic substances to enhance plant growth, which can inadvertently impact soil solubility and plant uptake of unknown contaminants. Consequently, human exposure can increase through gardening and consumption of produce grown in potentially contaminated soils. A greenhouse experiment was established [...] Read more.
Gardeners use organic and inorganic substances to enhance plant growth, which can inadvertently impact soil solubility and plant uptake of unknown contaminants. Consequently, human exposure can increase through gardening and consumption of produce grown in potentially contaminated soils. A greenhouse experiment was established to examine the effects of biochar, compost, and common inorganic fertilizer on soil lead (Pb) availability for radish (Raphanus sativus, L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa, L.) grown in a calcareous soil containing excessively high lead (Pb), along with Pb accumulation in radish tissue. Results indicate that soil amended with biochar and planted to radish saw an 18% reduction in available Pb and an 11% decrease in plant tissue content when compared to the control. Compost showed an 8% reduction in available Pb, but a 19% increase in tissue content. In contrast, soil with inorganic fertilizer planted to radish increased in both soil Pb availability by 11% and Pb tissue content by 40%. Adding water-soluble inorganic fertilizers to contaminated calcareous soils without added organic matter enhances soil Pb availability and often asymptomatic plant Pb bioaccumulation. In conclusion, gardeners are encouraged to test their soils for contamination and apply biochar in combination with compost, as this combination is recommended to improve soil health and aid in overcoming initial N deficiencies induced by biochar. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Technologies for Heavy Metals Removal from Contaminated Soil)
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11 pages, 2289 KiB  
Article
Recovery of Zinc and Copper from Mine Tailings by Acid Leaching Solutions Combined with Carbon-Based Materials
by María Luisa Álvarez, Ana Méndez, Roberto Rodríguez-Pacheco, Jorge Paz-Ferreiro and Gabriel Gascó
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(11), 5166; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11115166 - 02 Jun 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3295
Abstract
Mine tailing storage represents an important environmental issue. The generation and dispersal of dust from mine tailings can contaminate air and surrounding soils. In addition, metals and soluble salts present in these wastes could pollute groundwater and surface water. The recovery of metals [...] Read more.
Mine tailing storage represents an important environmental issue. The generation and dispersal of dust from mine tailings can contaminate air and surrounding soils. In addition, metals and soluble salts present in these wastes could pollute groundwater and surface water. The recovery of metals from mine tailings can contribute to minimize the environmental risk and to achieve a circular economy model. The main objective of the present work is to study the use of two carbon-based materials, a commercial activated carbon (AC) and a commercial charcoal (VC) in the leaching of zinc and copper from low-grade tailing waste. Experimental results obtained show that it is possible to achieve the recovery of more than 87 wt% of Zn after 6 h of leaching with different sulfuric acid solutions. The addition of carbon-based materials increases the extraction of Zn at high sulfuric acid concentrations (1 M) from 89% to 99%. The addition of VC significantly increases the extraction of Cu in leaching solution with high sulfuric acid concentration (1 M), from 41 to 61%. Future research will be necessary to optimize the properties of carbon-based materials and their recovery after leaching experiments in order to assess their potential for industrial application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Technologies for Heavy Metals Removal from Contaminated Soil)
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12 pages, 617 KiB  
Article
Biochar Affects Heavy Metal Uptake in Plants through Interactions in the Rhizosphere
by Agnieszka Medyńska-Juraszek, Pierre-Adrien Rivier, Daniel Rasse and Erik J. Joner
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(15), 5105; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10155105 - 24 Jul 2020
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 4668
Abstract
Heavy metals in soil pose a constant risk for animals and humans when entering their food chains, and limited means are available to reduce plant accumulation from more or less polluted soils. Biochar, which is made by pyrolysis of organic residues and sees [...] Read more.
Heavy metals in soil pose a constant risk for animals and humans when entering their food chains, and limited means are available to reduce plant accumulation from more or less polluted soils. Biochar, which is made by pyrolysis of organic residues and sees increasing use as a soil amendment to mitigate anthropogenic C emissions and improve agronomic soil properties, has also been shown to reduce plant availability of heavy metals in soils. The cause for the reduction of metal uptake in plants when grown in soils enriched with biochar has generally been researched in terms of increased pH and alkalinity, while other potential mechanisms have been less studied. We conducted a pot experiment with barley using three soils differing in metal content and amended or not with 2% biochar made from Miscanthus x giganteus, and assessed plant contents and changes in bioavailability in bulk and rhizosphere soil by measuring extractability in acetic acid or ammonium nitrate. In spite of negligible pH changes upon biochar amendment, the results showed that biochar reduced extractability of Cu, Pb and Zn, but not of Cd. Rhizosphere soil contained more easily extractable Cu, Pb and Zn than bulk soil, while for Cd it did not. Generally, reduced plant uptake due to biochar was reflected in the amounts of metals extractable with ammonium nitrate, but not acetic acid. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Technologies for Heavy Metals Removal from Contaminated Soil)
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