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Applied Sciences
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Laser Induced Plasma/Breakdown Spectroscopy
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Laser Induced Plasma/Breakdown Spectroscopy

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 April 2022) | Viewed by 22435

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Agresti Juri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, (IFAC-CNR), 50019 Firenze, Italy
Interests: laser-induced plasma/breakdown spectroscopy (LIPS/LIBS); photonics; laser–matter interaction; development of optoelectronic devices; archaeometry; cultural heritage
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Laser Induced Plasma (or Breakdown) Spectroscopy (LIPS or LIBS) is an attractive analytical technique. This is due to the possibility of performing rapid and relatively low-cost elemental analysis of materials, without the need of complex sample pretreatment, and to the high sensitivity for multi-elemental identification and quantification of heavy as well as light elements. LIPS has matured in recent years into an in-field deployed analytical technique thanks to major advances in technological equipment and calibration approaches. Its applications range from quality control in the metal industry to cultural heritage characterization, mineral analysis in the mining industry to medical applications and environmental analysis, all the way to Mars geochemical exploration.

This Special Issue aims to collect original research papers and reviews on recent methodological and technological developments and/or novel uses of LIPS/LIBS in its broad applicative domains.

Dr. Agresti Juri
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • quantitative analysis
  • chemometrics
  • elemental mapping
  • LIPS spectra processing
  • portable instrument development
  • trace analysis
  • in-situ measurements
  • environmental and geological analysis
  • industrial applications
  • biomedical and pharmaceutical applications
  • cultural heritage analysis

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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8 pages, 596 KiB  
Article
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy of Er II for Transition Probability Measurements
by Yuki Naoi, Masayuki Iwata, Daichi Yokota, Gediminas Gaigalas, Daiji Kato, Izumi Murakami, Hiroyuki A. Sakaue, Yuichiro Sekiguchi, Masaomi Tanaka, Hajime Tanuma, Shinya Wanajo and Nobuyuki Nakamura
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(4), 2219; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12042219 - 21 Feb 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2126
Abstract
We present a laser induced breakdown spectrum of Er II in the near ultraviolet region. To use the spectrum for the evaluation of the transition probabilities, an alloy target with a low content of Er was used to suppress the self-absorption. From the [...] Read more.
We present a laser induced breakdown spectrum of Er II in the near ultraviolet region. To use the spectrum for the evaluation of the transition probabilities, an alloy target with a low content of Er was used to suppress the self-absorption. From the linearity of the Boltzmann plot obtained by using the sensitivity corrected experimental intensity and existing transition probability data, the local thermal equilibrium condition of the plasma and the reliability of the transition probability data are confirmed. The linear function obtained in the Boltzmann plot is used for the determination of a previously unreported transition probability for the line at 393.863 nm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Induced Plasma/Breakdown Spectroscopy)
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17 pages, 2735 KiB  
Article
Rapid Analysis of Chemical Composition and Physical Properties of Gemstones Using LIBS and Chemometric Technique
by Sonali Dubey, Rohit Kumar, Abhishek K. Rai, Jayanta K. Pati, Johannes Kiefer and Awadhesh K. Rai
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(13), 6156; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11136156 - 02 Jul 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2658
Abstract
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), accompanied by chemometric data analysis, is used to identify and classify gemstones of various hardness. The study involves several gemstones: amethyst, aquamarine beryl, bloodstone citrine, diopside, and enstatite. Their hardness is determined through a correlation utilizing the spectral intensity [...] Read more.
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), accompanied by chemometric data analysis, is used to identify and classify gemstones of various hardness. The study involves several gemstones: amethyst, aquamarine beryl, bloodstone citrine, diopside, and enstatite. Their hardness is determined through a correlation utilizing the spectral intensity ratio of the ionic to atomic spectral lines of an identified element in the LIB spectrum. The result of the relative hardness obtained from the LIBS analysis is in good agreement with the hardness measured from Mohs’s scale of hardness, a popular qualitative method to determine hardness. In this work, a linear relationship has been established between the Mohs’s hardness and the plasma excitation temperature. Thus, the hardness of the gemstones can be determined with the help of plasma excitation temperature. Moreover, the analysis of trace elements in LIB spectral data reveals that a particular element is responsible for the colors of gemstones. Therefore, the relative concentration of constituents is calculated for all gemstones and compared. Principal component analysis (PCA) is successfully applied to all gemstone spectra for rapid classification and discrimination based on their variable elemental concentrations and respective hardness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Induced Plasma/Breakdown Spectroscopy)
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14 pages, 10636 KiB  
Article
Quantitative Analysis of Pig Iron from Steel Industry by Handheld Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Partial Least Square (PLS) Algorithm
by Giorgio S. Senesi, Olga De Pascale, Aldo Bove and Bruno S. Marangoni
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(23), 8461; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10238461 - 27 Nov 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3221
Abstract
One of the main objectives in the steel production process is to obtain a blast furnace pig iron of good quality and at the lowest possible cost. In general, the quality of pig iron is evaluated on the basis of its chemical composition [...] Read more.
One of the main objectives in the steel production process is to obtain a blast furnace pig iron of good quality and at the lowest possible cost. In general, the quality of pig iron is evaluated on the basis of its chemical composition determined by X-ray fluorescence laboratory equipment. In the present study, the performance of a handheld (h) laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) instrument in the identification and the quantification of the relevant elements C, Mn, P, Si, and Ti in forty-six blast furnace pig iron samples was tested successfully. The application of two different models, i.e., univariate and multivariate partial least square (PLS) calibration and validation, to the whole LIBS data set showed that the latter approach was much more efficient than the former one in quantifying all elements considered, especially Si and Ti. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Induced Plasma/Breakdown Spectroscopy)
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Review

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46 pages, 12547 KiB  
Review
Review of Element Analysis of Industrial Materials by In-Line Laser—Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)
by Johannes D. Pedarnig, Stefan Trautner, Stefan Grünberger, Nikolaos Giannakaris, Simon Eschlböck-Fuchs and Josef Hofstadler
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(19), 9274; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11199274 - 06 Oct 2021
Cited by 42 | Viewed by 8112
Abstract
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a rapidly developing technique for chemical materials analysis. LIBS is applied for fundamental investigations, e.g., the laser plasma matter interaction, for element, molecule, and isotope analysis, and for various technical applications, e.g., minimal destructive materials inspection, the monitoring [...] Read more.
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a rapidly developing technique for chemical materials analysis. LIBS is applied for fundamental investigations, e.g., the laser plasma matter interaction, for element, molecule, and isotope analysis, and for various technical applications, e.g., minimal destructive materials inspection, the monitoring of production processes, and remote analysis of materials in hostile environment. In this review, we focus on the element analysis of industrial materials and the in-line chemical sensing in industrial production. After a brief introduction we discuss the optical emission of chemical elements in laser-induced plasma and the capability of LIBS for multi-element detection. An overview of the various classes of industrial materials analyzed by LIBS is given. This includes so-called Technology materials that are essential for the functionality of modern high-tech devices (smartphones, computers, cars, etc.). The LIBS technique enables unique applications for rapid element analysis under harsh conditions where other techniques are not available. We present several examples of LIBS-based sensors that are applied in-line and at-line of industrial production processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Induced Plasma/Breakdown Spectroscopy)
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28 pages, 1839 KiB  
Review
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Determination of Spectral Fundamental Parameters
by Sabrina Messaoud Aberkane, Ali Safi, Asia Botto, Beatrice Campanella, Stefano Legnaioli, Francesco Poggialini, Simona Raneri, Fatemeh Rezaei and Vincenzo Palleschi
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(14), 4973; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10144973 - 19 Jul 2020
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 5000
Abstract
In this review, we report and critically discuss the application of LIBS for the determination of plasma-emission fundamental parameters, such as transition probabilities, oscillator strengths, Stark broadening and shifts, of the emission lines in the spectrum. The knowledge of these parameters is of [...] Read more.
In this review, we report and critically discuss the application of LIBS for the determination of plasma-emission fundamental parameters, such as transition probabilities, oscillator strengths, Stark broadening and shifts, of the emission lines in the spectrum. The knowledge of these parameters is of paramount importance for plasma diagnostics or for quantitative analysis using calibration-free LIBS methods. In the first part, the theoretical basis of the analysis is laid down; in the second part, the main experimental and analytical approaches for the determination by LIBS of the spectral line spectroscopic parameters are presented. In the conclusion, the future perspectives of this kind of analysis are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Induced Plasma/Breakdown Spectroscopy)
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