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Applied Sciences
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Chemistry for Lithium Metal Batteries
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Chemistry for Lithium Metal Batteries

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2021) | Viewed by 10346

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Andrea Paolella

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage (CETEES), Hydro-Québec, 1806, Lionel-Boulet blvd., Varennes, QC J3X 1S1, Canada
Interests: nanomaterials; solid electrolyte; lithium metal batteries
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Nicolas Delaporte

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage (CETEES), Hydro-Québec, 1806, Lionel-Boulet blvd., Varennes, QC J3X 1S1, Canada
Interests: electrodes interfaces; surface modification; lithium metal batteries

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lithium metal batteries represent an important opportunity for future energy storage devices due to the high energy density of metallic lithium. Unfortunately, some safety issues related to lithium metal dendrites formation have not been overcome yet, causing a possible dangerous short-circuit. Recently, many solutions have been proposed in the literature such as in situ passivation, solid electrolyte, salt deposition, use of scaffold, alloy formation, etc. The aim of the Special Issue is to collect innovative works that are attractive for the energy materials community. We are open to revise articles about new lithium metal surface treatments, nonflammable electrolytes, solvent-in-salt electrolytes, new additives, new hybrid polymer-filler composites, new ceramic solid electrolytes, new anode composites, new alloys, and new safety solutions. In addition, computational and experimental articles that explain the mechanism involved at the lithium metal solid electrolyte interface are welcome (lithium metal plating/stripping, electrolyte decomposition, and film passivation formation).

We will be glad to receive your contribution.

Dr. Andrea Paolella
Dr. Nicolas Delaporte
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lithium metal
  • batteries
  • electrolyte
  • SEI
  • safety

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 883 KiB  
Article
Feasible Energy Density Pushes of Li-Metal vs. Li-Ion Cells
by Duygu Karabelli and Kai Peter Birke
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(16), 7592; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11167592 - 18 Aug 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3157
Abstract
Li-metal batteries are attracting a lot of attention nowadays. However, they are merely an attempt to enhance energy densities by employing a negative Li-metal electrode. Usually, when a Li-metal cell is charged, a certain amount of sacrificial lithium must be added, because irreversible [...] Read more.
Li-metal batteries are attracting a lot of attention nowadays. However, they are merely an attempt to enhance energy densities by employing a negative Li-metal electrode. Usually, when a Li-metal cell is charged, a certain amount of sacrificial lithium must be added, because irreversible losses per cycle add up much more unfavourably compared to conventional Li-ion cells. When liquid electrolytes instead of solid ones are used, additional electrolyte must also be added because both the lithium of the positive electrode and the liquid electrolyte are consumed during each cycle. Solid electrolytes may present a clever solution to the issue of saving sacrificial lithium and electrolyte, but their additional intrinsic weight and volume must be considered. This poses the important question of if and how much energy density can be gained in realistic scenarios if a switch from Li-ion to rechargeable Li-metal cells is anticipated. This paper calculates various scenarios assuming typical losses per cycle and reveals future e-mobility as a potential application of Li-metal cells. The paper discusses the trade-off if, considering only the push for energy density, liquid electrolytes can become a feasible option in large Li-metal batteries vs. the solid-state approach. This also includes the important aspect of cost. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemistry for Lithium Metal Batteries)
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12 pages, 1641 KiB  
Article
Ensemble Model Based on Stacked Long Short-Term Memory Model for Cycle Life Prediction of Lithium–Ion Batteries
by Fu-Kwun Wang, Chang-Yi Huang and Tadele Mamo
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(10), 3549; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10103549 - 20 May 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 1924
Abstract
To meet the target value of cycle life, it is necessary to accurately assess the lithium–ion capacity degradation in the battery management system. We present an ensemble model based on the stacked long short-term memory (SLSTM), which is used to predict the capacity [...] Read more.
To meet the target value of cycle life, it is necessary to accurately assess the lithium–ion capacity degradation in the battery management system. We present an ensemble model based on the stacked long short-term memory (SLSTM), which is used to predict the capacity cycle life of lithium–ion batteries. The ensemble model combines LSTM with attention and gradient boosted regression (GBR) models to improve prediction accuracy, where these individual prediction values are used as input to the SLSTM model. Among 13 cells, single and multiple cells were used as the training set to verify the performance of the proposed model. In seven single-cell experiments, 70% of the data were used for model training, and the rest of the data were used for model validation. In the second experiment, one cell or two cells were used for model training, and other cells were used as test data. The results show that the proposed method is superior to individual and traditional integrated learning models. We used Monte Carlo dropout techniques to estimate variance and obtain prediction intervals. In the second experiment, the average absolute percentage errors for GBR, LSTM with attention, and the proposed model are 28.6580, 1.7813, and 1.5789, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemistry for Lithium Metal Batteries)
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Review

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27 pages, 6384 KiB  
Review
Thermal and Electrochemical Properties of Solid Polymer Electrolytes Prepared via Lithium Salt-Catalyzed Epoxide Ring Opening Polymerization
by Gabrielle Foran, Nina Verdier, David Lepage, Arnaud Prébé, David Aymé-Perrot and Mickaël Dollé
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(4), 1561; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11041561 - 09 Feb 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4623
Abstract
Solid polymer electrolytes have been widely proposed for use in all solid-state lithium batteries. Advantages of polymer electrolytes over liquid and ceramic electrolytes include their flexibility, tunability and easy processability. An additional benefit of using some types of polymers for electrolytes is that [...] Read more.
Solid polymer electrolytes have been widely proposed for use in all solid-state lithium batteries. Advantages of polymer electrolytes over liquid and ceramic electrolytes include their flexibility, tunability and easy processability. An additional benefit of using some types of polymers for electrolytes is that they can be processed without the use of solvents. An example of polymers that are compatible with solvent-free processing is epoxide-containing precursors that can form films via the lithium salt-catalyzed epoxide ring opening polymerization reaction. Many polymers with epoxide functional groups are liquid under ambient conditions and can be used to directly dissolve lithium salts, allowing the reaction to be performed in a single reaction vessel under mild conditions. The existence of a variety of epoxide-containing polymers opens the possibility for significant customization of the resultant films. This review discusses several varieties of epoxide-based polymer electrolytes (polyethylene, silicone-based, amine and plasticizer-containing) and to compare them based on their thermal and electrochemical properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Chemistry for Lithium Metal Batteries)
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