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Applied Sciences
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Nanofluids: The Frontier Trends and Application
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Nanofluids: The Frontier Trends and Application

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanotechnology and Applied Nanosciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2021) | Viewed by 6146

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Guan Heng Yeoh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Interests: computational fluid dynamics; numerical heat and mass transfer; turbulence modelling using reynolds-averaging and large eddy simulation; combustion, radiation heat transfer, soot formation and oxidation, solid pyrolysis in fire modelling; fundamental studies in multiphase flows: free surface, gas-particle, liquid-particle, gas-liquid (bubbly and subcooled nucleate boiling), freezing/solidification and liquid-gas-solid; computational modelling of magnetic micro-particles in mechanical dampers; computational modelling of magnetic drug delivery and targeting; computational modelling of nanofluids with heat transfer; computational modelling of industrial systems of single-phase such as in HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning); computational modelling of industrial systems of multiphase flows (heat exchangers, boilers and nuclear reactors, cryogenics)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sherman Cheung

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
STEM College, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
Interests: computational fluid dynamics; combustion, soot formation and oxidation, fire whirls in fire modelling; population balance of gas–liquid bubbly flows, bubble coalescence and breakage, gas–liquid interfacial momentum exchange; computational methods in design optimization, surrogate methods, coupling with artificial intelligence
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanofluids are an emerging new kind of fluid containing nanometer-sized particles suspended in a base liquid fluid (e.g., water, ethylene glycol or oil). As a result of Brownian agitation, nanoparticles can overcome the settling motion caused by the gravity and stably suspend in the base fluid.

Early development of nanofluids has been focused on exploring their potential heat transfer augmentation by increasing the effective thermal conductivity of the fluid. Substantial research works have also been conducted, characterizing the boiling behavior of nanofluid in microchannels and wettability on surfaces. The improved properties open up a wide range of application, such as heat and mass transfer and antibacterial wetting and cooling.

Much research has been performed on rheological characterization of nanofluids. Fundamentally, the rheological properties have a strong dependence on the size and shape of nanoparticles, pH value, aggregation of nanoparticles, and type of nanoparticles. Nanotube-shape particles in fluid exhibit non-Newtonian behavior, while spherical shape nanoparticles in fluid have a tendency to show Newtonian behavior. Lately, electrochemically-active nanoparticles in electrolyte base fluid have demonstrated great potential in high-energy density storage and flow battery applications.

This Special Issue aims to collect various showcases of the current state-of-the-art of nanofluids and their potential applications. Because of the complex behavior of nanofluids, fundamental and applied studies in nanofluids are welcomed. Review articles providing a comprehensive review of specific topics, including but not limited to thermal–physical properties, rheological characterization, and electrochemicallyactive nanofluids, are welcome. Papers focusing on the expansion of nanofluid applications in diverse, multidisciplinary research and development are also welcomed.

Prof. Guan Heng Yeoh
Assoc. Prof. Sherman Cheung
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • thermophysical properties
  • nanofluidics
  • nanofluidic electrolyte
  • rheological characterization
  • magnetic responsive nanoparticles
  • plasmonic resonance nanoparticles
  • nanolubricants

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 9328 KiB  
Article
The Modification Mechanism of Nano-Liquids on Streamer Morphology and Breakdown Strength under Microsecond Pulse
by Diangeng Li, Zicheng Zhang, Shifei Liu and Song Li
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(20), 7376; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10207376 - 21 Oct 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1814
Abstract
In liquid mediums, whether the breakdown strength can be greatly improved after introducing the nano-particles has been widely investigated, however, there has been no scientific consensus on the modification mechanism of this anomalous phenomenon. In this paper, we first experimentally measured the streamer [...] Read more.
In liquid mediums, whether the breakdown strength can be greatly improved after introducing the nano-particles has been widely investigated, however, there has been no scientific consensus on the modification mechanism of this anomalous phenomenon. In this paper, we first experimentally measured the streamer morphology and breakdown strength in pure transformer oil, TiO2 nano-liquids and Al2O3 nano-liquids under microsecond pulse. The results demonstrated that there are significant differences in streamer morphology between pure transformer oil and nano-liquids, as the streamers in pure transformer oil exhibit thick bush-like qualities, while in nano-liquids they exhibit tree-like qualities. Moreover, the breakdown voltage results show that the breakdown strength of transformer oil is improved after nano-modification, and the TiO2 nano-liquids and Al2O3 nano-liquids have nearly the same optimal volume fraction. The results of the analysis indicate that the modification mechanism of nano-particles is significantly linked to the trapped electrons process. Specifically, the addition of nano-particles can affect the electrons’ density and thus affect the breakdown process and streamer morphology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanofluids: The Frontier Trends and Application)
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22 pages, 3807 KiB  
Article
Convection Heat Transfer in 3D Wavy Direct Absorber Solar Collector Based on Two-Phase Nanofluid Approach
by Ammar I. Alsabery, Salma Parvin, Mohammad Ghalambaz, Ali J. Chamkha and Ishak Hashim
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(20), 7265; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10207265 - 17 Oct 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1896
Abstract
A numerical attempt of the two-phase (non-homogeneous) nanofluid approach towards the convection heat transfer within a 3D wavy direct absorber solar collector is reported. The solar collector is permeated by a water-Al2O3 nanofluid and contains a wavy glass top [...] Read more.
A numerical attempt of the two-phase (non-homogeneous) nanofluid approach towards the convection heat transfer within a 3D wavy direct absorber solar collector is reported. The solar collector is permeated by a water-Al2O3 nanofluid and contains a wavy glass top surface that is exposed to the ambient atmosphere and a flat steel bottom surface. The left and right surfaces are maintained adiabatic. The governing equations of the Navier–Stokes and energy equations for the nanofluid are transformed into a dimensionless pattern and then solved numerically using the Galerkin weighted residual finite-element technique. Validations with experimental and numerical data are performed to check the validity of the current code. Impacts of various parameters such as the number of oscillations, wave amplitude, Rayleigh number and the nanoparticles volume fraction on the streamlines, isotherms, nanoparticle distribution, and heat transfer are described. It is found that an augmentation of the wave amplitude enhances the thermophoresis and Brownian influences which force the nanoparticles concentration to display a nonuniform trend within the examined region. Furthermore, the heat transfer rate rises midst the growing wave amplitude and number of oscillations. More importantly, such enhancement is observed more significantly with the variation of the wave amplitude. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanofluids: The Frontier Trends and Application)
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15 pages, 10023 KiB  
Article
Secondary Breakup Characteristics and Mechanism of Single Electrified Al/N-Decane Nanofluid Fuel Droplet in Electrostatic Field
by Heng Lu, Shengji Li, Hongzhe Du, Yibin Lu and Xuefeng Huang
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(15), 5332; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10155332 - 01 Aug 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1926
Abstract
The combustion characteristics of nanofluid fuels have been widely investigated, but rare studies on the atomization were reported. Atomization is an imperative and crucial step to improve the combustion performance of nanofluid fuels, and the secondary breakup of droplets is an important segment [...] Read more.
The combustion characteristics of nanofluid fuels have been widely investigated, but rare studies on the atomization were reported. Atomization is an imperative and crucial step to improve the combustion performance of nanofluid fuels, and the secondary breakup of droplets is an important segment for atomization to produce uniform fine droplets and distribute nanoparticles in each droplet. This paper firstly presents the secondary breakup characteristics of single electrified Al/n-decane nanofluid fuel droplets and revealed the mechanism of the secondary breakup. The results demonstrated that fine droplets could be produced in the electrostatic field and Al nanoparticles were distributed in each droplet. Before the breakup, the single electrified droplets experienced surface charge transportation, deformation, and Taylor cone formation. A gradient of the electric field deformed the droplet to produce the Taylor cone. As the Taylor cones were stabilized, the fluid was extruded from the tips of stable Taylor cones to produce jet filament parallel to the electric field direction and correspondingly broke up into fine sub droplets. At the nanoparticle concentration range of 1.0~10 mg/mL, the minimum average diameter of breakup sub droplets could achieve ~55.4 μm at 6.0 mg/mL. The Al nanoparticle concentration had a significant effect on the breakup performance by influencing the physical properties and charging. The order of the Charge-to-Mass ratio magnitude was 10−7~10−5 C/kg. Furthermore, the secondary breakup mechanism of single electrified nanofluid fuel droplets in the uniform electrostatic field was revealed by analyzing the droplet surface charge, deformation, Taylor cone formation, and nanoparticle concentration effect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanofluids: The Frontier Trends and Application)
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