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Applied Sciences
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Novel Techniques and Approaches to Multiphysics Fluid Dynamics (Environmental, Industrial...
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Novel Techniques and Approaches to Multiphysics Fluid Dynamics (Environmental, Industrial and Medical)

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Fluid Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2023) | Viewed by 6604

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Fabio Gori

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Via Politecn 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
Interests: free jets; large eddy simulation; reynolds number
Dr. Arturo Consoli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Dept of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology - foch Hospital, Universite de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France
Interests: thrombus aspiration; blood clot lysis; solitaire
Dr. Ivano Petracci

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
Interests: energy-environment engineering; thermofluidodynamics
Dr. Mangiafico Salvatore

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, Florence, Italy
Interests: thrombus aspiration; blood clot lysis; solitaire

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue intends to provide to researchers the opportunity to report novel techniques and approaches to the investigation of several multiphysics fluid dynamics problems in Mechanical Sciences, Aerospace Science and Engineering, Energy, Fluid, Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, throughout the open access Journal of Applied Sciences.

Examples of topics of interest to the present Special Issue are:

  • Mechanical Sciences, Energy, Fluid. Enhancement of heat transfer on body impinged by jet flow. Multiphase flow in pipes.
  • Aerospace Science and Engineering. Noise in fluid dynamics.
  • Biomedical Engineering. Blood flow and mass transfer in the Willis circle: aneurysms and stenoses. Intracranial stenoses: a possible bridge through physiopathology of atherosclerosis, blood flow and mass transfer
  • Environmental Sciences. Fluid dynamics, heat and mass transfer in environmental problems (e.g. jet flow).

Welcome

The Guest Editor welcomes potential contributors to address suggestions or questions in relation to their contributions.

Prof. Dr. Fabio Gori
Dr. Arturo Consoli
Dr. Ivano Petracci
Dr. Mangiafico Salvatore
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • multiphysics fluid dynamics
  • heat and mass transfer
  • industrial problems
  • medical problems
  • enhancement of heat transfer by nanoparticles
  • noise in fluid dynamics
  • jet flow
  • impinged body
  • aneurysms and stenoses in willis circle
  • environmental problems

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 5452 KiB  
Article
Penetration Efficiency and Concentration Distribution of Nanoparticles in a Hollow Tapered Cylinder
by Cheng-Hsiung Huang, Yu-Chih Lin and Chung-Liang Chang
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(16), 8025; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12168025 - 10 Aug 2022
Viewed by 1070
Abstract
Knowing particle penetration efficiencies and concentration distributions in an inlet channel of a sampling device is beneficial for the robust assessment, attribution and quantification of nanoparticles produced by various activities. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of the presence [...] Read more.
Knowing particle penetration efficiencies and concentration distributions in an inlet channel of a sampling device is beneficial for the robust assessment, attribution and quantification of nanoparticles produced by various activities. The aim of this research is to evaluate the effect of the presence or absence of a conical column inside a hollow tapered cylinder on the nanoparticle penetration efficiency and its outlet concentration profile for different flow rates. The particle penetration characteristics of various sizes from 3 nm to 20 nm were numerically investigated by using the flow field and convection diffusion equations within the hollow tapered cylinder. Firstly, the proposed model of the nanoparticle penetration efficiency for the hollow tapered cylinder with the conical column is validated with the experimental data in the literature. Then, the results indicate that the concentration at the outlet of the hollow tapered cylinder with the conical column exhibits annular profiles for 3 nm and 5 nm nanoparticles at a flow rate of 2.0 L/min, which is found to avoid centralizing the particles in the exit area. In addition, the penetration efficiency of nanoparticles can be improved by increasing flow rates or removing the conical column inside the hollow tapered cylinder. Finally, the ring-shaped concentration profile of the 10 nm nanoparticles at the outlet of the hollow conical cylinder with the conical column becomes more obvious as the flow rate decreases. This study interprets and quantitatively decides the nanoparticle penetration efficiency and its exit concentration profile for the hollow tapered cylinder with or without the conical column. Therefore, the results can provide some useful design references for the transport of nanoparticles in the hollow tapered cylinder. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Techniques and Approaches to Multiphysics Fluid Dynamics (Environmental, Industrial and Medical))
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27 pages, 7335 KiB  
Article
Physically Consistent Implementation of the Mixture Model for Modelling Nanofluid Conjugate Heat Transfer in Minichannel Heat Sinks
by Abdullah Masoud Ali, Matteo Angelino and Aldo Rona
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(14), 7011; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12147011 - 11 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1529
Abstract
As much as two-phase mixture models resolve more physics than single-phase homogeneous models, their inconsistent heat transfer predictions have limited their use in modelling nanofluid cooled minichannel heat sinks. This work investigates, addresses, and solves this key shortcoming, enabling reliable physically sound predictions [...] Read more.
As much as two-phase mixture models resolve more physics than single-phase homogeneous models, their inconsistent heat transfer predictions have limited their use in modelling nanofluid cooled minichannel heat sinks. This work investigates, addresses, and solves this key shortcoming, enabling reliable physically sound predictions of minichannel nanoflows, using the two-phase mixture model. It does so by applying the single-phase and the two-phase mixture model to a nine-passages rectangular minichannel, 3 mm deep and 1 mm wide, cooled by a 1% by volume suspension of Al2O3 nanoparticles in water, over the Reynolds number range 92 to 455. By varying the volume fraction αnf of the second phase between 2% and 50%, under a constant heat flux of 16.67 W/cm2 and 30 Celsius coolant inflow, it is shown that the two-phase mixture model predicts heat transfer coefficient, pressure loss, friction factor, exergy destruction rate, exergy expenditure rate, and second law efficiency values converging to the single-phase model ones at increasing αnf. A two-phase mixture model defined with 1% second phase volume fraction and 100% nanoparticles volume fraction in the second phase breaks the Newtonian fluid assumption within the model and produces outlier predictions. By avoiding this unphysical regime, the two-phase mixture model matched experimental measurements of average heat transfer coefficient to within 1.76%. This has opened the way for using the two-phase mixture model with confidence to assess and resolve uneven nanoparticle dispersion effects and increase the thermal and mass transport performance of minichannels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Techniques and Approaches to Multiphysics Fluid Dynamics (Environmental, Industrial and Medical))
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16 pages, 1193 KiB  
Article
Modeling Open Channel Flows of a Viscous Fluid: Critical Transition and Apparent Bottom
by Andrea Boghi, Olivier Thual and Laurent Lacaze
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(5), 2476; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12052476 - 27 Feb 2022
Viewed by 1195
Abstract
The Shallow Water model (SWM) provides a simplification of the Navier–Stokes model (NSM) for stratified flows over a topography when the depth of the fluid layer is small compared to the horizontal scale of the flow. Nevertheless, the application of SWM is limited [...] Read more.
The Shallow Water model (SWM) provides a simplification of the Navier–Stokes model (NSM) for stratified flows over a topography when the depth of the fluid layer is small compared to the horizontal scale of the flow. Nevertheless, the application of SWM is limited to the case of slowly variable bottoms and fails in describing the fluid flow over steep obstacles. In this work, we propose to extend the applicability of SWM when the topography is no longer slowly variable with space, by replacing the topography with an “apparent bottom”. This methodology is tested for the laminar flow of a two-layer fluid over a semi-circular cylinder. Sixteen different steady configurations are investigated in order to assess the influence of the Froude number and the blocking factor corresponding to the ratio between the obstacle height and the fluid layer normal height. Here, the apparent bottom required for SWM is obtained by enforcing the liquid height profile to be the one obtained from full resolution (NSM). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Techniques and Approaches to Multiphysics Fluid Dynamics (Environmental, Industrial and Medical))
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Review

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11 pages, 1295 KiB  
Review
The Cerebral Arterial Wall in the Development and Growth of Intracranial Aneurysms
by Pasquale Marco Abbate, A. T. M. Hasibul Hasan, Alice Venier, Vincent Vauclin, Silvia Pizzuto, Alessandro Sgreccia, Federico Di Maria, Oguzhan Coskun, Katsuhiro Mizutani, Georges Rodesch and Arturo Consoli
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(12), 5964; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12125964 - 11 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2132
Abstract
A considerable number of people harbor intracranial aneurysms (IA), which is a focal or segmental disease of the arterial wall. The pathophysiologic mechanisms of IAs formation, growth, and rupture are complex. The mechanism also differs with respect to the type of aneurysm. In [...] Read more.
A considerable number of people harbor intracranial aneurysms (IA), which is a focal or segmental disease of the arterial wall. The pathophysiologic mechanisms of IAs formation, growth, and rupture are complex. The mechanism also differs with respect to the type of aneurysm. In broad aspects, aneurysms may be considered a disease of the vessel wall. In addition to the classic risk factors and the genetic/environmental conditions, altered structural and pathologic events along with the interaction of the surrounding environment and luminal flow dynamics contribute to the aneurysm’s development and growth. In this review, we have tried to simplify the complex interaction of a multitude of events in relation to vessel wall in the formation and growth of IAs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Techniques and Approaches to Multiphysics Fluid Dynamics (Environmental, Industrial and Medical))
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