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Applied Sciences
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Smart Materials for Control of Structural Dynamics
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Smart Materials for Control of Structural Dynamics

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2023) | Viewed by 5361

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Marek Krawczuk

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Guest Editor
Institute of Mechanics and Machine Design, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
Interests: finite element modeling; numerical modeling; signal processing; numerical analysis; structural analysis; finite element analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Magdalena Palacz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Management and Organisation, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 26-28, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
Interests: sensing technologies; numerical modelling; damage detection; wave propagation; energy harvesting
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Problems related to controlling the dynamics of machines and devices have been a major engineering challenge for many decades. However, developments in the field of smart materials engineering have recently enabled these types of materials to be used in ways that can influence the dynamic behavior of objects. Various analytical, numerical, and experimental techniques have been used so far to understand the properties of smart materials. Therefore, it would be beneficial to gather in one place the latest achievements in the field of structural dynamics control through the use of smart materials.

It is our pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue covering the latest and most interesting research results from both the scientific and industrial societies. The aim of this issue is to provide the reader with a better understanding of the control of dynamic behavior of structural elements through the use of dedicated smart materials applications. This area of expertise may utilize analytical models, different numerical methods, as well as experimental approaches. We believe that experiences from research communities representing a wide area of engineering needs can satisfy a wide scientific audience.

Prof. Dr. Marek Krawczuk
Prof. Dr. Magdalena Palacz
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dynamic behavior
  • numerical modeling
  • mechanical parameters
  • smart materials

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 17158 KiB  
Article
Vibration Control of Innovative Lightweight Thermoplastic Composite Material via Smart Actuators for Aerospace Applications
by Federica Angeletti, Daniele Tortorici, Susanna Laurenzi and Paolo Gasbarri
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(17), 9715; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app13179715 - 28 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 796
Abstract
Piezoelectric actuators and sensors can be incorporated into aerospace structures to suppress unwanted flexible oscillations. These devices need to interact with various passive structures, including innovative materials such as thermoplastic composites, which offer several advantages over traditional options. This study explores the application [...] Read more.
Piezoelectric actuators and sensors can be incorporated into aerospace structures to suppress unwanted flexible oscillations. These devices need to interact with various passive structures, including innovative materials such as thermoplastic composites, which offer several advantages over traditional options. This study explores the application of a piezoelectric-based vibration control system on a lightweight carbon-reinforced thermoplastic material. Numerical and experimental investigations are conducted to assess the mechanical properties and damping behavior of the composite. As a case study, an equivalent orthotropic shell laminate is developed to facilitate finite element modeling of two composite solar panel structures equipped to a spacecraft. Moreover, an electro-mechanical formulation is implemented to integrate smart actuators and sensors onto the composite hosting structure. Finally, the efficiency of the active vibration control system is assessed when significant vibration perturbations are caused on the panels by rigid–flexible dynamics coupling during agile attitude maneuvers. The results demonstrate the damping factor of the material can be noticeably improved, making the proposed system a promising technological solution for further aerospace applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Materials for Control of Structural Dynamics)
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24 pages, 4678 KiB  
Article
Fundamental Investigations of the Deformation Behavior of Single-Crystal Ni-Mn-Ga Alloys and Their Polymer Composites via the Introduction of Various Fields
by Wan-Ting Chiu, Motoki Okuno, Masaki Tahara, Tomonari Inamura and Hideki Hosoda
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(14), 8475; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app13148475 - 22 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 797
Abstract
To meet the great requirements of future technologies, such as robots, single-crystal (SC) Ni-Mn-Ga alloys and their composites were designed and investigated in this study. Ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (FSMAs) are promising materials for applications in high-speed actuators, which are core components of [...] Read more.
To meet the great requirements of future technologies, such as robots, single-crystal (SC) Ni-Mn-Ga alloys and their composites were designed and investigated in this study. Ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (FSMAs) are promising materials for applications in high-speed actuators, which are core components of robots; however, there are some issues of embrittlement and small deformation strain. Therefore, in this work, we first prepared SC Ni-Mn-Ga alloys for fundamental investigations of the shape deformations under the application of different fields (e.g., compressive and magnetic fields). Second, the SC Ni-Mn-Ga alloys were integrated with polymers of epoxy resin or silicone rubber to solve the embrittlement problem. The obvious two-stage yielding and sudden intensifying of the magnetization both suggest martensite variant reorientation (MVR) under the compressive and magnetic fields, respectively. Micro-computed tomography (μCT) and an X-ray diffractometer were utilized for the observations of shape deformation brought about by the MVR of the SC Ni-Mn-Ga particles in the polymer matrix. Clear MVR and shape deformation could be found in the compressed composites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Materials for Control of Structural Dynamics)
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16 pages, 8668 KiB  
Article
Experimental Verification of the CFD Model of the Squeeze Film Lifting Effect
by Bartosz Bastian, Rafał Gawarkiewicz, Michał Wasilczuk and Michał Wodtke
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(11), 6441; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app13116441 - 25 May 2023
Viewed by 743
Abstract
The presented study shows the results of the research into the squeeze film levitation phenomena. The system introduced in the investigation is composed of a vibrating surface, air squeeze film, and the surface of the body freely suspended over the film. The use [...] Read more.
The presented study shows the results of the research into the squeeze film levitation phenomena. The system introduced in the investigation is composed of a vibrating surface, air squeeze film, and the surface of the body freely suspended over the film. The use of the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) model used in the system allows us to determine the steady state, periodic behavior of the air film (described by Navier–Stokes, continuity equations, and ideal gas law), and the lifted object dynamics. The model allows us to determine multiple factors, among others, mean film thickness and pressure distribution inside the fluid film. The influence of factors, such as vibration amplitude, frequency, and load on the lifting conditions, was presented. A series of calculations show the levitations height in the range of 5.61 up to 58.12 microns, obtained for masses of samples between 5–20 g, vibration frequency of 5–25 kHz, and the motions amplitude of 0.5–1.5 µm. A series of CFD multivariable calculations for a standing wave inducer were not previously published. The CFD model was validated with the use of experiments on a specially developed test rig. The authors experimentally obtained the height of levitation up to 200 microns. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Materials for Control of Structural Dynamics)
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21 pages, 5539 KiB  
Article
Time Evolution of the Modulus of Elasticity of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer
by Adelino Lopes, Sergio Lopes and Manuel Fernandes
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2179; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app13042179 - 08 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1121
Abstract
The objective of the research is to develop a new family of geopolymeric materials and to use an experimental methodology to characterize the mechanical behavior of the materials obtained by alkaline activation of metakaolin using a compound activator. The researchers also intend to [...] Read more.
The objective of the research is to develop a new family of geopolymeric materials and to use an experimental methodology to characterize the mechanical behavior of the materials obtained by alkaline activation of metakaolin using a compound activator. The researchers also intend to study the unknown time evolution of the modulus of elasticity and the influence of the composition of the aggregates on the strength of the material. Like the material’s strength, the results have a direct influence on structural safety evaluations. For the analysis of the mechanical properties of the mixtures, different types of tests were carried out: Flexural and compression tests on parallelepipeds and compression tests on cylinders were performed to assess the main strength characteristics of metakaolin-based geopolymers. Regarding the aggregate composition, the results show that the correction of the aggregate particle size line did not improve the mechanical properties. From about 400 h of curing, at ambient temperatures, the mechanical properties of the geopolymeric material are almost invariable. The highest value of the elastic modulus of elasticity occurs around 420 h, at about 18 GPa. The modulus of elasticity is independent of test load rate as per standards, and 1.7‰ strain was observed during maximum compressive stresses in the rupture tests. Also, the secant modulus values at 60% and 80% of maximum stress are within 12% of the value at 40% of maximum stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Materials for Control of Structural Dynamics)
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25 pages, 7408 KiB  
Article
Electromagnetic Control and Dynamics of Generalized Burgers’ Nanoliquid Flow Containing Motile Microorganisms with Cattaneo–Christov Relations: Galerkin Finite Element Mechanism
by Faisal Shahzad, Wasim Jamshed, Tanveer Sajid, MD. Shamshuddin, Rabia Safdar, S. O. Salawu, Mohamed R. Eid, Muhammad Bilal Hafeez and Marek Krawczuk
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(17), 8636; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12178636 - 29 Aug 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 1239
Abstract
In our research work, we have developed a model describing the characteristics of the bio-convection and moving microorganisms in the flows of a magnetized generalized Burgers’ nanoliquid with Fourier’s and Fick’s laws in a stretchable sheet. Considerations have been made to Cattaneo–Christov mass [...] Read more.
In our research work, we have developed a model describing the characteristics of the bio-convection and moving microorganisms in the flows of a magnetized generalized Burgers’ nanoliquid with Fourier’s and Fick’s laws in a stretchable sheet. Considerations have been made to Cattaneo–Christov mass and heat diffusion theory. According to the Cattaneo–Christov relation, the Buongiorno phenomenon for the motion of a nanoliquid in the generalized Burgers’ fluid has also been applied. Similarity transformations have been used to convert the control system of the regulating partial differential equations (PDEs) into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The COMSOL software has been applied to obtain mathematical results of non-linear equations via the Galerkin finite element method (G-FEM). Logical and graphical measurements for temperature, velocity, and microorganisms analysis have also been examined. Moreover, nanoparticle concentrations have been achieved by examining different approximations of obvious physical parameters. Computations of this model show that there is a direct relationship among the temperature field and thermal Biot number and parameter of the generalized Burgers’ fluid. The temperature field is increased to grow the approximations of the thermal Biot number and parameter of generalized Burgers’ fluid. It is reasonable to deduce that raising the chemical reaction parameter and concentricity relaxation parameter or decreasing the Prandtl number, concentricity Biot quantity, and active energy parameter can significantly increase the nanoparticles concentration dispersion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Materials for Control of Structural Dynamics)
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