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Advanced Oxidation Processes for Wastewater Treatment in Chemistry, Engineering, and Environmental Sciences

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemical and Molecular Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2021) | Viewed by 11745

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Danilo Russo

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Guest Editor

Sustainable Reaction Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Philippa Fawcett Dr, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK
Interests: advanced oxidation processes of micropollutants in aqueous solution; fate of xenobiotics in the aquatic environment; kinetic modeling; hazard evaluation in chemical processes; nitration processes; heterogeneous photocatalysis; continuous-flow microreactors; machine learning and robotics in chemical engineering
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Prof. Dr. Raffaele Marotta

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Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials and Industrial Production, University of Naples Federico II, Corso Umberto I, 40, 80138 Napoli, NA, Italy
Interests: solar photocatalysis; green chemistry; hydrogen solar production; advanced oxidation processes; kinetic modelling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The increasing number of pollutants in wastewater and surface water proves that standard operation units in wastewater treatment plants are often inadequate for their complete removal. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) represent a class of important procedures for the effective removal of xenobiotics, often refractory to biodegradation. As a result, the number of studies investigating the abatement of these compounds by advanced oxidation technologies is steadily increasing, also showing an interesting level of interdisciplinary collaboration between chemists, engineers, eco-toxicologists, and environmental scientists. In fact, kinetic studies and by-product identification have proven the importance of a deeper investigation into the environmental fate of the examined species, given that, in most cases, the oxidized products may be more hazardous to organic life than their parent compounds. On the other hand, the need for longer treatment times and greener processes has led to more efficient technical solutions, ranging from new photocatalytic materials to better reactor design at both lab and plant scale.

Potential topics of interest for this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following aspects of AOPs:

Kinetic studies and reaction mechanism identification
Environmental fate of treated water streams and by-products identification
Experimental techniques, lab-scale reactors
Catalytic and photocatalytic materials
Reactors and process design
Environmental and eco-toxicological assessments

Dr. Danilo Russo
Prof. Dr. Raffaele Marotta
Guest Editors

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Keywords

Advanced oxidation processes
Wastewater treatment
Pollutants removal
Environmental protection

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 13770 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Photo-Transformation of Effluent Organic Matter by ZnO-Based Sunlight Irradiation

by Thao Thi Nguyen, Seong Nam Nam and Jeill Oh

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(24), 9002; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10249002 - 16 Dec 2020

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1729

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of effluent organic matter (EfOM) from wastewater effluent on the properties of organic matter in receiving water and the efficiency of its removal using photocatalysis. The organic matter is characterized using fluorescence excitation-emission matrices coupled with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) measurements. The experiments are conducted with water samples that were collected from upstream waters (used as a source of dissolved organic matter (DOM)), wastewater effluent (a source of EfOM), and waters downstream of a wastewater treatment plant, and with upstream water and wastewater effluent being mixed at different ratios in the lab (DOM/EfOM). EEM-PARAFAC analysis identifies three components: a humic-like component (C1), a tyrosine-like component (C2), and a terrestrial-like humic component (C3). When compared to DOM, EfOM has a higher specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA₂₅₄), a higher fluorescence index (FI), and more abundant humic-like components. As the EfOM contribution increased, an increase in both humic-like components and a simultaneous decrease in the protein-like components are observed. The photocatalytic degradation of the organic matter using simulated solar irradiation with ZnO as a catalyst is examined. The removal efficiency of photocatalysis is calculated using the DOC, UV absorbance at 254 nm (UV₂₅₄), and the maximum fluorescence intensity (F_max) of the PARAFAC components. After 120 min of irradiation, the removal efficiency of photocatalysis differs between the DOM, EfOM, and EfOM-impacted samples due to the change in the properties of the organic matter in the source water. The photocatalytic degradation of organic matter follows pseudo-first-order kinetics, with the DOC and UV₂₅₄ exhibiting a lower removal efficiency with the increasing contribution of EfOM, which indicated that EfOM has a potentially negative impact on the performance of drinking water treatment. The removal of PARAFAC components follows the order C3 > C1 > C2, indicating that humic-like components are preferentially removed when compared to protein-like components under sunlight irradiation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Oxidation Processes for Wastewater Treatment in Chemistry, Engineering, and Environmental Sciences)

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Review

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19 pages, 2976 KiB

Open AccessReview

Kinetic Modeling of Advanced Oxidation Processes Using Microreactors: Challenges and Opportunities for Scale-Up

by Danilo Russo

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(3), 1042; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11031042 - 24 Jan 2021

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2909

Abstract

With the increasing number of recalcitrant pollutants in wastewater treatment plants, there will be a stringent need for rapid and convenient development of tertiary treatment processes such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Microreactors offer a great opportunity for ultrafast and safe intrinsic kinetic parameters determination, by-products identification, and ecotoxicity assessment. Despite the considerable potential of these devices, they have been mostly used for catalyst screening or pseudo-first order kinetics determination, not allowing for knowledge transfer across scales. This work offers an overview of the adoption of micro- and photo-microreactors for intrinsic kinetics investigations in the field of AOPs to guide future research efforts. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Oxidation Processes for Wastewater Treatment in Chemistry, Engineering, and Environmental Sciences)

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28 pages, 2935 KiB

Open AccessReview

Critical Perspective on Advanced Treatment Processes for Water and Wastewater: AOPs, ARPs, and AORPs

by Andrea G. Capodaglio

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(13), 4549; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10134549 - 30 Jun 2020

Cited by 62 | Viewed by 6070

Abstract

Emerging contaminants’ presence in water, wastewater, and aquatic environments has been widely reported. Their environmental and health-related effects, and the increasing tendency towards wastewater reuse require technology that could remove to a greater degree, or even mineralize, all these contaminants. Currently, the most commonly used process technologies for their removal are advanced oxidation processes (AOPs); however, recent advances have highlighted other advanced treatment processes (ATPs) as possible alternatives, such as advanced reduction processes (ARPs) and advanced oxidation-reduction processes (AORPs). Although they are not yet widely diffused, they may remove contaminants that are not readily treatable by AOPs, or offer better performance than the former. This paper presents an overview of some of the most common or promising ATPs for the removal of contaminants from water and wastewater, and their application, with discussion of their limitations and merits. Issues about technologies’ costs and future perspectives in the water sector are discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Oxidation Processes for Wastewater Treatment in Chemistry, Engineering, and Environmental Sciences)

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