Graphene and Graphene Oxide in Biomedical Application

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanotechnology and Applied Nanosciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2017) | Viewed by 23839

Special Issue Editor


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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Graphene-based nanostructures and nanohybrids have attracted more and more attention in recent years due to their two-dimensional structures, high surface areas, good biocompatibility, low mass density, and unique electrical property. One of the most exciting applications of graphene and graphene oxide is in the biomedical engineering field. For example, graphene and graphene oxide have been used as very good platforms for the binding of biomacromolecules and various nanoparticles for the electrical, optical, and spectral biosensing of DNA, proteins, and viruses; the modification of graphene or graphene oxide with biopolymers have been utilized for cell cultures, tissue repair and regeneration, as well as controlled drug delivery; even the conjugation of graphene or graphene oxide with quantum dots has been further applied for the cellular targeting and imaging. Still, there is work on the biomedical applications of graphene and graphene oxide to be done. For instance, the synthesis of novel graphene or graphene oxide-based nanohybrids and nanocomposites for potential biomedical applications could be developed; the feasibility and performance of graphene-based nanohybrids for biomedical applications should carefully be evaluated, the bio-reaction process and interaction mechanism of graphene or graphene oxide with cells and tissues could be understood in a deeper way.

Therefore, in this Special Issue of Applied Sciences, we would like to focus on (but are not limited to) the topic of graphene-based nanostructures and nanomaterials for the application of biosensors, biomineralization, tissue engineering, cell culture, cellular bioimaging, drug delivery, and more. This Special Issue is expected to gather contributions from corresponding works on "new methods, new structures, new materials, and new bio-applications".

We are looking forward to your contributions to this Special Issue.

Dr. Gang Wei
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • graphene

  • graphene oxide

  • nanoparticle

  • nanohybrids

  • materials synthesis

  • nanocomposites

  • biosensors

  • biomineralization

  • tissue engineering

  • cell culture

  • cellular bioimaging

  • drug delivery

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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3421 KiB  
Communication
Low-Cost Nanocarbon-Based Peroxidases from Graphite and Carbon Fibers
by Yan Zeng, Feifan Miao, Zhiyong Zhao, Yuting Zhu, Tao Liu, Rongsheng Chen, Simin Liu, Zaosheng Lv and Feng Liang
Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(9), 924; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app7090924 - 08 Sep 2017
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4662
Abstract
A low-cost and facile preparation of water-soluble carbon nanomaterials from commercial available graphite and polypropylene carbon fibers was achieved. N-doped graphene quantum dot was also prepared as a comparable agent. The resultant carbon nanomaterials were characterized by vital techniques such as transmission [...] Read more.
A low-cost and facile preparation of water-soluble carbon nanomaterials from commercial available graphite and polypropylene carbon fibers was achieved. N-doped graphene quantum dot was also prepared as a comparable agent. The resultant carbon nanomaterials were characterized by vital techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis absorption, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectra. The prepared carbon nanomaterials can make hydrogen peroxide degradation produce hydroxyl radicals, thus possess intrinsic peroxidase-like activity for colorimetric and UV-vis absorption detection of hydrogen peroxide. These carbon nanomaterials exhibit excellent sensitivity toward hydrogen peroxide with the limit of detection as low as 0.024 mM (by Carbon nanomaterials-1 from carbon fibers), 0.0042 mM (by Carbon nanomaterials-2 from graphite) and 0.014 mM (by Carbon nanomaterials-3 from nitrogen doped graphene oxide), respectively. The practical use of these carbon nanomaterials for phenolic compounds removal in aqueous solution is also demonstrated successfully. The extraordinary catalytic performance and low cost of these carbon nanomaterials make them a powerful tool for a wide range of potential applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Graphene and Graphene Oxide in Biomedical Application)
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2510 KiB  
Article
Phenylalanine-Rich Peptide Mediated Binding with Graphene Oxide and Bioinspired Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Sensing
by Li Wang and Jing Lin
Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(2), 160; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app7020160 - 08 Feb 2017
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5147
Abstract
We demonstrated that a phenylalanine-rich peptide molecule, (FEFEFKFK)2, could be used for the biofunctionalization of graphene oxide (GO) and the bioinspired synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the creation of functional GO–AgNPs nanohybrids. The successful synthesis of GO–AgNPs nanohybrids was proven by the [...] Read more.
We demonstrated that a phenylalanine-rich peptide molecule, (FEFEFKFK)2, could be used for the biofunctionalization of graphene oxide (GO) and the bioinspired synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the creation of functional GO–AgNPs nanohybrids. The successful synthesis of GO–AgNPs nanohybrids was proven by the characterizations of atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The fabricated electrochemical H2O2 sensor based on the synthesized GO–AgNPs nanohybrids showed high performances with a linear detection range 0.02–18 mM and a detection limit of 0.13 μM. The design of graphene-binding peptides is of benefit to the biofunctionalization of graphene-based materials, the synthesis of novel graphene–peptide nanohybrids, and the potential applications of graphene in biomedical fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Graphene and Graphene Oxide in Biomedical Application)
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4058 KiB  
Article
Molecular Dynamics Study on the Resonance Properties of a Nano Resonator Based on a Graphene Sheet with Two Types of Vacancy Defects
by Wenchao Tian, Wenhua Li, Xiaohan Liu and Yongkun Wang
Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(1), 79; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app7010079 - 12 Jan 2017
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4384
Abstract
Due to the excellent electronic, optical, thermal, chemical, and mechanical properties of graphene, it has been applied in microdevices and nanodevices. However, there are some structural defects in graphene limiting its application in micro electromechanical systems (MEMS). These structural defects are inevitable during [...] Read more.
Due to the excellent electronic, optical, thermal, chemical, and mechanical properties of graphene, it has been applied in microdevices and nanodevices. However, there are some structural defects in graphene limiting its application in micro electromechanical systems (MEMS). These structural defects are inevitable during processing, and it is difficult to assess their effect on the micro/nano devices. Therefore, this communication used molecular dynamics to study the resonance properties of a nanoelectromechanical systems (NMES) resonator based on a graphene sheet with a single vacancy defect and edge defects. This communication focuses on three factors: vacancy types, external force, and temperature. The resonance frequencies of both types of graphene increased with external stress loading, and the resonance frequency of the graphene showed a clear step-shaped variation. Nonlinear deformation of the sheet occurred between resonant processes. When the external force was less than 15.91 nN, the resonance frequencies of the two types of graphene showed a consistent trend. The maximum frequency was up to 132.90 GHz. When the external force was less than 90 nN, the resonance frequencies of graphene with edge defects were greater and changed more rapidly. Temperature did not have a huge influence on the resonance frequencies of either type of graphene structure. The resonance frequencies of graphene with two different vacancy defects showed a consistent trend. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Graphene and Graphene Oxide in Biomedical Application)
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Review

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4462 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Graphene-Based Nanomaterials for Controlled Drug Delivery
by Zhuqing Wang, Lucio Colombi Ciacchi and Gang Wei
Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(11), 1175; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app7111175 - 15 Nov 2017
Cited by 68 | Viewed by 8775
Abstract
Graphene-based nanomaterials have exhibited wide applications in nanotechnology, materials science, analytical science, and biomedical engineering due to their unique physical and chemical properties. In particular, graphene has been an excellent nanocarrier for drug delivery application because of its two-dimensional structure, large surface area, [...] Read more.
Graphene-based nanomaterials have exhibited wide applications in nanotechnology, materials science, analytical science, and biomedical engineering due to their unique physical and chemical properties. In particular, graphene has been an excellent nanocarrier for drug delivery application because of its two-dimensional structure, large surface area, high stability, good biocompatibility, and easy surface modification. In this review, we present the recent advances in the synthesis and drug delivery application of graphene-based nanomaterials. The modification of graphene and the conjugation of graphene with other materials, such as small molecules, nanoparticles, polymers, and biomacromolecules as functional nanohybrids are introduced. In addition, the controlled drug delivery with the fabricated graphene-based nanomaterials are demonstrated in detail. It is expected that this review will guide the chemical modification of graphene for designing novel functional nanohybrids. It will also promote the potential applications of graphene-based nanomaterials in other biomedical fields, like biosensing and tissue engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Graphene and Graphene Oxide in Biomedical Application)
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