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Applied Sciences
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Cogeneration Systems: Measurements, Data Analysis, Modelling and Control
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Cogeneration Systems: Measurements, Data Analysis, Modelling and Control

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 May 2021) | Viewed by 8241

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Adrian Chmielewski

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Guest Editor
Institute of Vehicles and Construction Machinery Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Narbutta 84 Str., 02-524 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: alternative fuels infrastructure; energy storage; distributed generation; energy conversion from renewable energy sources; hydrogen conversion and storage; sustainable development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Lukasz Szablowski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering, Institute of Heat Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 21/25 Nowowiejska Street, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: fuel cells; molten carbonate fuel cells; solid oxide fuel cells; hydrogen production; conversion and storage; distributed generation; sector coupling; progress in hydrogen economy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Andrzej Ordys

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Mechatronics, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Sw Andrzeja Boboli 8, PL-02-525 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: Modelling and simulation of power generation systems; Control of cogeneration systems; Hybrid systems: modelling simulation and control
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Cogeneration systems based on fuel cells, ORC systems, microturbines, gas turbines, combined cycles, steam cycles, gas engines, and Stirling engines powered by alternative fuels are currently one of the most promising technologies affecting the sustainable development of low-carbon economies.

This Special Issue will be devoted to experimental research, the application of new solutions, modeling, and calculation methods in the following areas:

  • Predictive control, machine learning, neural network simulation, and optimization of cogeneration systems;
  • Thermodynamic and exergetic analyses of cogeneration systems;
  • Cooperation and integration of cogeneration systems with renewable energy sources;
  • Cooperation and integration of cogeneration systems with operational infrastructure of hybrid and electric vehicles;
  • Cooperation and integration of cogeneration systems with electrical energy storage systems, i.e., pumped hydroelectric storage, compressed air energy storage, liquid air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, electrochemical battery energy storage, superconducting magnetic energy storage, and ultracapacitors;
  • Cooperation and integration of cogeneration systems with thermal energy storage systems, i.e., molten salts/phase change materials and heat storage;
  • Measurement, data analysis of cogeneration systems powered by alternative fuels;
  • Reliability analysis of cogeneration systems;
  • Review of technical and economic aspects regarding cogeneration systems (i.e., fuel cells, ORC systems, microturbines, gas turbines, combined cycles, steam cycles, gas engines, Stirling engines, etc.);
  • Diagnostics of cogeneration systems;
  • Energy conversion and management of cogeneration systems;
  • Applications of energy management systems, thermal management systems, and control units in cogeneration systems (i.e., fuel cells, ORC systems, microturbines, gas turbines, combined cycles, steam cycles, gas engines, Stirling engines, etc.);
  • Operational research of cogeneration systems.
Dr. Adrian Chmielewski
Dr. Lukasz Szablowski
Prof. Dr. Andrzej Ordys
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Modeling and simulation of co-generation systems
  • Measurements of cogeneration systems
  • Thermodynamic and exergetic analyses of cogeneration systems
  • Energy conversion and management of cogeneration systems
  • Energy storage and distribution
  • Hybrid energy systems
  • Control strategies for hybrid systems
  • Cogeneration systems powered by alternative fuels
  • Cooperation and integration of cogeneration systems with renewable energy sources

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 1303 KiB  
Article
Techno-Economic Assessment of a Gasification Plant for Distributed Cogeneration in the Agrifood Sector
by Roque Aguado, David Vera, Diego A. López-García, Juan P. Torreglosa and Francisco Jurado
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(2), 660; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11020660 - 12 Jan 2021
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 2725
Abstract
This research work presents a techno-economic analysis of a biomass gasification plant fueled with residues from the olive oil and almond industries for combined heat and power generation in the agrifood sector. The experimental plant consists of a downdraft fixed bed gasifier, a [...] Read more.
This research work presents a techno-economic analysis of a biomass gasification plant fueled with residues from the olive oil and almond industries for combined heat and power generation in the agrifood sector. The experimental plant consists of a downdraft fixed bed gasifier, a producer gas cleaning and cooling system and a spark-ignition engine–generator set as a power generation unit, which generates about 10–12 kW of rated electric power. With an average consumption between 13–14 kg/h of exhausted olive pomace pellets as feedstock, the producer gas volumetric flow rate was 31 Nm3/h (vol. %: 19.2 H2, 12.9 CO, 1.9 CH4, 19.2 CO2, 46.7 N2). The average cold gas efficiency was nearly 63%. This work also addresses the characterization and potential application of the carbonaceous solid residue (biochar), discharged from the gasifier at 1.7 kg/h. Finally, an economic feasibility analysis was developed, wherein the payback period ranges between 5–9 years. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cogeneration Systems: Measurements, Data Analysis, Modelling and Control)
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34 pages, 18777 KiB  
Article
Thermodynamic, Economic and Sustainability Analysis of Solar Organic Rankine Cycle System with Zeotropic Working Fluid Mixtures for Micro-Cogeneration in Buildings
by Wahiba Yaïci, Evgueniy Entchev, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari and Michela Longo
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(21), 7925; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10217925 - 09 Nov 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2602
Abstract
Globally there are several viable sources of renewable, low-temperature heat (below 130 °C), particularly solar energy, geothermal energy, and energy generated from industrial wastes. Increased exploitation of these low-temperature options has the definite potential of reducing fossil fuel consumption with its attendant very [...] Read more.
Globally there are several viable sources of renewable, low-temperature heat (below 130 °C), particularly solar energy, geothermal energy, and energy generated from industrial wastes. Increased exploitation of these low-temperature options has the definite potential of reducing fossil fuel consumption with its attendant very harmful greenhouse gas emissions. Researchers have universally identified the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) as a practicable and suitable system to generate electrical power from renewable sources based on its beneficial usage of volatile organic fluids as working fluids (WFs). In recent times, researchers have also shown a preference towards deployment of zeotropic mixtures as ORC WFs because of their capacity to improve thermodynamic performance of ORC systems, a feat enabled through the greater matching of the temperature profiles of the WF and the heat source/sink. This paper demonstrates the thermodynamic, economic and sustainability feasibility, and the notable advantages of using zeotropic mixtures as WFs through a simulation study of an ORC system. The study examines first the thermodynamic performance of ORC systems using zeotropic mixtures to generate electricity powered by a low-temperature solar heat source for building applications. A thermodynamic model is developed with a solar-driven ORC system both with and excluding a regenerator. Twelve zeotropic mixtures with varying compositions are evaluated and compared to identify the best combinations of mixtures that can yield high performance and high efficiency in their system cycles. The study also examines the effects of the volume flow ratio, and evaporation and condensation temperature glides on the ORC’s thermodynamic performance. Following a detailed analysis of each mixture, R245fa/propane and butane/propane are selected for parametric study to investigate the influence of operating parameters on the system’s efficiency and sustainability index. For zeotropic mixtures, results disclosed that there is an optimal composition range within which binary mixtures are inclined to perform more efficiently than the component pure fluids. In addition, a substantial enhancement in cycle efficiency can be obtained by a regenerative ORC, with cycle efficiency ranging between 3.1–9.8% and 8.6–17.4% for ORC both without and with regeneration, respectively. Results also revealed that exploiting zeotropic mixtures could enlarge the limitation experienced in selecting WFs for low-temperature solar ORCs. Moreover, a detailed economic with a sensitivity analysis of the solar ORC system was performed to evaluate the cost of the electricity and other economic criteria. The outcome of this investigation should be useful in the thermo-economic feasibility assessments of solar-driven ORC systems using working fluid mixtures to find the optimum operating range for maximum performance and minimum cost. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cogeneration Systems: Measurements, Data Analysis, Modelling and Control)
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17 pages, 1857 KiB  
Article
The Value and Optimal Sizes of Energy Storage Units in Solar-Assist Cogeneration Energy Hubs
by Xiaotao Chen, Yang Si, Chengkui Liu, Laijun Chen, Xiaodai Xue, Yongqing Guo and Shengwei Mei
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(14), 4994; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10144994 - 21 Jul 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2014
Abstract
Cogeneration is becoming increasingly popular in building and community energy systems with demands on electricity and heat, which is suitable for residential and industrial use in remote areas. This paper considers a stand-alone cogeneration energy hub. The electrical and thermal energies are produced [...] Read more.
Cogeneration is becoming increasingly popular in building and community energy systems with demands on electricity and heat, which is suitable for residential and industrial use in remote areas. This paper considers a stand-alone cogeneration energy hub. The electrical and thermal energies are produced by a combined heat and power (CHP) unit, photovoltaic panels, and a solar thermal collector. Since solar units generate no electricity and heat during the night, energy storage units which shift demands over time can promote the usage of solar energy and reduce the fuel cost of the CHP unit. This paper proposes a method to retrieve the optimal operation cost as an explicit function in the capacity parameters of electric and thermal energy storage units, reflecting the value of energy storage in the cogeneration energy hub. The capacity parameter set is divided into a collection of polyhedrons; on each polyhedron, the optimal value is an affine function in the capacity parameters. Furthermore, the optimal sizes of system components are discussed. The capacity of the CHP unit is determined from a linear program, ensuring supply adequacy; the capacities of solar generation and energy storage units are calculated based on the cost reduction and the budget. Case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cogeneration Systems: Measurements, Data Analysis, Modelling and Control)
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