The Application of Enzymatic Bioremediation Technology

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 6517

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National Institute of Scientific Research of Quebec (INRS), Quebec, QC G1P 4S5, Canada
Interests: environmental science; bioprocess and process engineering; material science
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Dear Colleagues,

In the past few decades, there have been advances in the bioremediation of pollutants with the goal of effective clean-up of environments in an eco-friendly and cost-effective manner. Thanks to all of the efforts made by scientists, different scenarios have been proposed; however, its efficiency is usually criticized, especially because bioremediation tools are well known to be slow, while in most spill accidents there is an urgent need for rapid, green, and eco-friendly interventions.

Enzymes have revolutionized food and pharmaceutical biotechnology; several industrial sectors have been developed thanks to the discovery of highly active enzymes. Enzymes can be the main key player in the development of innovative environmental solutions; novel enzymes are continuously being identified, with a specific high degradation ability toward several recalcitrant compounds known to be highly persistent in the environment; however, the application of enzymatic technology for bioremediation is still representing challenges and needs further advanced investigation.

We are interested in manuscripts that examine relation enzymes-bioremediation. Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Poly-aromatic hydrocarbons and petroleum hydrocarbons degrading enzymes studies
  • Biological bioremediation technologies and novel remediation methods, with a focus on the role of enzymes
  • Prevention methods and management of contaminated sites
  • Water preservation and the potential role of enzymes.

Dr. Tarek Rouissi
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1246 KiB  
Article
A Redox-Neutral, Two-Enzyme Cascade for the Production of Malate and Gluconate from Pyruvate and Glucose
by Ravneet Mandair, Pinar Karagoz and Roslyn M. Bill
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(11), 4877; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11114877 - 26 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2238
Abstract
A triple mutant of NADP(H)-dependent malate dehydrogenase from thermotolerant Thermococcus kodakarensis has an altered cofactor preference for NAD+, as well as improved malate production compared to wildtype malate dehydrogenase. By combining mutant malate dehydrogenase with glucose dehydrogenase from Sulfolobus solfataricus and [...] Read more.
A triple mutant of NADP(H)-dependent malate dehydrogenase from thermotolerant Thermococcus kodakarensis has an altered cofactor preference for NAD+, as well as improved malate production compared to wildtype malate dehydrogenase. By combining mutant malate dehydrogenase with glucose dehydrogenase from Sulfolobus solfataricus and NAD+/NADH in a closed reaction environment, gluconate and malate could be produced from pyruvate and glucose. After 3 h, the yield of malate was 15.96 mM. These data demonstrate the feasibility of a closed system capable of cofactor regeneration in the production of platform chemicals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Enzymatic Bioremediation Technology)
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13 pages, 993 KiB  
Article
Enzymatic Potential of Bacteria and Fungi Isolates from the Sewage Sludge Composting Process
by Tatiana Robledo-Mahón, Concepción Calvo and Elisabet Aranda
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(21), 7763; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10217763 - 03 Nov 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3505
Abstract
The aim of this study was the isolation and characterisation of the fungi and bacteria during the composting process of sewage sludge under a semipermeable membrane system at full scale, in order to find isolates with enzymatic activities of biotechnological interest. A total [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was the isolation and characterisation of the fungi and bacteria during the composting process of sewage sludge under a semipermeable membrane system at full scale, in order to find isolates with enzymatic activities of biotechnological interest. A total of 40 fungi were isolated and enzymatically analysed. Fungal culture showed a predominance of members of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota division and some representatives of Mucoromycotina subdivision. Some noticeable fungi isolated during the mesophilic and thermophilic phase were Aspergillus, Circinella, and Talaromyces. During the maturation phase, some lignin modifying enzyme producers, like Purpureocillium, Thielavia, Bjerkandera, or Dichotomyces, were found. Within this group, Thielavia and Bjerkandera showed high activity with production of laccases and peroxidases. In the bacterial culturome, a total of 128 strains were selected and enzymatically analysed. Bacillales, Actinomycetales, Pseudomonadales, and Lactobacillales were the orders most represented in culture-bacteria. Bacillus pumilus, B. stratosphericus, B. safensis, and Pseudomonas formosensis were the species most efficient in enzyme production, particularly peroxidases, polyphenol oxidases ammonifying activity, and amylases. These results showed that sewage sludge composting piles could represent a source of microorganisms which have adapted to adverse conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Enzymatic Bioremediation Technology)
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