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Applied Sciences
Special Issues
Characterization of Liquid Mixtures by Scattering Techniques and Spectroscopy
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Characterization of Liquid Mixtures by Scattering Techniques and Spectroscopy

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2021) | Viewed by 5613

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Johannes Kiefer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Technische Thermodynamik, Universität Bremen, Badgasteiner Str. 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Interests: spectroscopy; combustion; ionic liquid; four-wave mixing; raman; fluorescence; infrared
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Bernd Rathke

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Technische Thermodynamik, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
Interests: spectroscopy; material characterization; ionic liquids; phase equilibria; phase behavior; solution thermodynamics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Liquid mixtures, solutions, and multiphase systems in the liquid state (e.g., emulsions and suspensions) are omnipresent. They are the basis of our everyday life and determine the most relevant processes in natural and life sciences and in engineering. Detailed knowledge of these systems is the backbone of their application and of basic research. Understanding their behavior and properties from a fundamental point of view is therefore of paramount importance. Numerous experimental methods based on the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and the materials of interest have been developed for this purpose, utilizing absorption, refraction, and scattering phenomena. The list includes, but is not limited to, absorption spectroscopy from the x-ray to the terahertz regime, static or dynamic scattering techniques on the basis of visible light or x-rays, Raman scattering, and nonlinear optical spectroscopy. These methods allow for gaining deeper insight into the molecular structures and interactions; the supermolecular clustering; structure formed on nano-, meso-, and micro-scopic scales; and the macroscopic properties of multicomponent liquid systems.

The upcoming Special Issue of Applied Sciences will focus on the recent developments in the application of optical and spectroscopic techniques for the characterization of multicomponent liquid mixtures. This includes macroscopically homogenous mixtures of liquids and solutions, as well as multiphase systems in the liquid state (emulsions, suspensions, liquid–liquid equilibria, and vapor–liquid equilibria). We would like to invite you to submit or recommend original research papers for the "Characterization of liquid mixtures by scattering techniques and spectroscopy" Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Johannes Kiefer
Dr. Bernd Rathke
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Optical spectroscopy
  • Vibrational spectroscopy
  • Small-angle X-ray scattering—SAXS
  • Small-angle neutron scattering—SANS
  • Static/dynamic light scattering
  • Molecular solvents
  • Ionic liquids
  • Organic solvents
  • Fluid phase equilibria
  • Raman scattering

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 7051 KiB  
Article
Investigation of Electrical Conductivity, Optical Property, and Stability of 2D MXene Nanofluid Containing Ionic Liquids
by Balaji Bakthavatchalam, Khairul Habib, R. Saidur, Navid Aslfattahi and A. Rashedi
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(24), 8943; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10248943 - 15 Dec 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 2882
Abstract
The addition of ionic liquids with MXene nanofluid has a substantial impact on the solar thermal collectors’ working fluid’s optical properties that effectively absorb and distribute solar radiation. Increased solar radiation absorption potential ensures that heats are transported more rapidly and effectively. This [...] Read more.
The addition of ionic liquids with MXene nanofluid has a substantial impact on the solar thermal collectors’ working fluid’s optical properties that effectively absorb and distribute solar radiation. Increased solar radiation absorption potential ensures that heats are transported more rapidly and effectively. This research endeavors to investigate the concept of accumulating solar energy via the usage of ionic liquid-based 2D MXene nanofluid (Ionanofluids) for solar applications. In this study, the optical potential of Diethylene Glycol/MXene nanofluid incorporated with 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium octyl sulfate ([Emim][OSO4]) ionic liquid was extensively investigated with respect to MXene concentration (0.1 to 0.4 wt%) and time (first day and seventh day) through UV-Vis Spectroscopy. A two-step approach was employed to synthesize the proposed ionanofluids with nanoparticle concentrations from 0.1 to 0.4 wt%. In wavelengths between 240 to 790 nm, the effect of ionic liquids, MXene concentration, and dispersion stability played a significant part in enhancing the absorbance capacity of the formulated MXene based Ionanofluid. Furthermore, the increase in the concentration of MXene nanoparticles resulted in more absorbance peaks facilitating high light absorption. Finally, the electrical conductivity of the ionanofluids is also analyzed as MXene renders them promising for solar cell applications. The utmost electrical conductivity of the formulated fluids of 571 μS/cm (micro siemens per centimeter) was achieved at 0.4 wt% concentration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization of Liquid Mixtures by Scattering Techniques and Spectroscopy)
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10 pages, 1820 KiB  
Communication
Ion Pairs of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Triflate Do Not Dissociate in Propan-1-ol: A Vibrational Spectroscopic Viewpoint
by Johannes Kiefer, Marcus Stuckenholz, Claudia Caroline Rullich and Bernd Rathke
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(5), 1620; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10051620 - 29 Feb 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2056
Abstract
Adding imidazolium ionic liquids to polar solvents such as alkyl alcohols usually results in the dissociation of ion pairs as cation–anion interactions are replaced, e.g., by ion⋯OH hydrogen bonds. In this Communication, we apply Raman scattering and infrared absorption spectroscopy to an example [...] Read more.
Adding imidazolium ionic liquids to polar solvents such as alkyl alcohols usually results in the dissociation of ion pairs as cation–anion interactions are replaced, e.g., by ion⋯OH hydrogen bonds. In this Communication, we apply Raman scattering and infrared absorption spectroscopy to an example binary system comprising 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (triflate) and propan-1-ol. The spectra are analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA), excess spectroscopy, and spectral decomposition. The results provide evidence that the ion pairs of the ionic liquid do not dissociate in propan-1-ol, even at high dilution. Moreover, there are clear signs that the propan-1-ol hydrogen bonding network is disrupted in the presence of the ionic liquid as the hydroxyl groups predominantly interact with the sulfonate oxygen atoms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization of Liquid Mixtures by Scattering Techniques and Spectroscopy)
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