Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
4.5
2.7
Journals
Applied Sciences
Special Issues
Cellular and Molecular Mechanism in Periodontal Diseases
share announcement

Cellular and Molecular Mechanism in Periodontal Diseases

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Dentistry and Oral Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2021) | Viewed by 8330

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Oleh Andrukhov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Bernhard Gottlieb University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
Interests: cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the homeostasis of periodontal tissue in health and disease—regulation of inflammatory response in periodontitis; host interactions with bacteria and bacterial biofilms; dental stem cells and their role in tissue regeneration and immunomodulation; effect of implant surface characteristics on cell responses
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

You are cordially invited to contribute to this Special Issue entitled “Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms in Periodontal Disease”.

Periodontitis is an extremely complex and multifactorial disease, leading to the destruction of all the components of the periodontium, namely, gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and the alveolar bone. It is the main cause of tooth loss and is also associated with several systemic disorders. Nowadays, periodontitis is considered a major public health problem worldwide.

The mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of periodontal disease are very complex and not entirely understood. The maintaining of oral health depends mainly on the homeostasis between oral microbiome and host immune systems, and its disruption is a major event in the initiation of periodontal disease. Host microbial homeostasis in the oral cavity could be disrupted by ecological, genetic, and epigenetic factors, as well as by subverting the host immune system by some keystone pathogens. The progression of periodontal disease and tissue destruction is mainly forced by the immune response to overgrowing oral biofilms. The initial role of the immune response is the elimination of the invading pathogens, but its initiation, progression, and resolution needs to be tightly controlled on the cellular level. A dysregulated immune response is considered to be the major cause of periodontal tissue damage. The immune response is driven by different immune cell types, tissue-resident cells, and numerous pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Understanding the exact mechanisms involved in the progression and control of the immune response is crucially important for the development of the new strategies of periodontitis treatment and prevention.

This Special Issue welcomes in vitro, animal, and clinical studies on the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the maintenance of oral host–microbe homeostasis and the regulation of the immune response in periodontitis.

Prof. Dr. Oleh Andrukhov
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Periodontal disease
  • Host-microbial homeostasis
  • Periodontal tissue destruction
  • Immune response
  • Innate immunity
  • Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
  • Macrophages
  • T cells
  • B cells
  • Cytokines
  • Regulation of inflammation

Published Papers (3 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

Jump to: Review, Other

13 pages, 5010 KiB  
Article
Comparison of 2- and 3-Dimensional Cultured Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells; a Pilot Study
by Yun Yeong Jeong, Mi Sun Kim, Ko Eun Lee, Ok Hyung Nam, Ji-Hyun Jang, Sung-Chul Choi and Hyo-Seol Lee
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(3), 1083; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11031083 - 25 Jan 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1994
Abstract
This study compared the characteristics of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) cultured using 3-dimensional (3D) versus conventional 2-dimensional (2D) methods. PDLSCs were cultured in either a 3D culture with a non-adhesive culture plate (Stemfit 3D®) or a conventional 2D culture using [...] Read more.
This study compared the characteristics of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) cultured using 3-dimensional (3D) versus conventional 2-dimensional (2D) methods. PDLSCs were cultured in either a 3D culture with a non-adhesive culture plate (Stemfit 3D®) or a conventional 2D culture using a 6-well plate. Morphology, viability, proliferation ability, and osteogenic differentiation were analyzed to characterize the differences induced in identical PDLSCs by 3D and 2D culture environments. In addition, gene expression was analyzed using RNA sequencing to further characterize the functional differences. The diameter and the viability of the 3D-cultured PDLSCs decreased over time, but the shape of the spheroid was maintained for 20 days. Although osteogenic differentiation occurred in both the 2D- and 3D-cultured PDLSCs, compared to the control group it was 20.8 and 1.6 higher in the 3D- and 2D-cultured cells, respectively. RNA sequencing revealed that PDLSCs cultured using 2D and 3D methods have different gene expression profiles. The viability of the 3D-cultured cells was decreased, but they showed superior osteogenic differentiation compared to 2D-cultured cells. Within the limitations of this study, the results demonstrate that the structure and function of PDLSCs are influenced by the cell culture method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cellular and Molecular Mechanism in Periodontal Diseases)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Research, Other

18 pages, 1178 KiB  
Review
Vitamin D3 and Dental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
by Oleh Andrukhov, Alice Blufstein, Christian Behm, Andreas Moritz and Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(13), 4527; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10134527 - 29 Jun 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3728
Abstract
Vitamin D3 is a hormone involved in the regulation of bone metabolism, mineral homeostasis, and immune response. Almost all dental tissues contain resident mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which are largely similar to bone marrow-derived MSCs. In this narrative review, we summarized the [...] Read more.
Vitamin D3 is a hormone involved in the regulation of bone metabolism, mineral homeostasis, and immune response. Almost all dental tissues contain resident mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which are largely similar to bone marrow-derived MSCs. In this narrative review, we summarized the current findings concerning the physiological effects of vitamin D3 on dental MSCs. The existing literature suggests that dental MSCs possess the ability to convert vitamin D3 into 25(OH)D3 and subsequently to the biologically active 1,25(OH)2D3. The vitamin D3 metabolites 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 stimulate osteogenic differentiation and diminish the inflammatory response of dental MSCs. In addition, 1,25(OH)2D3 influences the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs in different dental tissues. Thus, dental MSCs are both producers and targets of 1,25(OH)2D3 and might regulate the local vitamin D3-dependent processes in an autocrine/paracrine manner. The local vitamin D3 metabolism is assumed to play an essential role in the local physiological processes, but the mechanisms of its regulation in dental MSCs are mostly unknown. The alteration of the local vitamin D3 metabolism may unravel novel therapeutic modalities for the treatment of periodontitis as well as new strategies for dental tissue regeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cellular and Molecular Mechanism in Periodontal Diseases)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Other

Jump to: Research, Review

19 pages, 569 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Alterations in CD14 Expression in Periodontitis: A Systematic Review
by Vivian Hirsch, Alice Blufstein, Christian Behm and Oleh Andrukhov
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(5), 2444; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11052444 - 09 Mar 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1979
Abstract
Objective: Cluster of differentiation (CD14) is an important protein involved in activating toll-like receptors by bacterial components. It exists as either a transmembrane or soluble protein, called mCD14 or sCD14, respectively. Several studies show that CD14 regulates the inflammatory response to periodontal pathogens, [...] Read more.
Objective: Cluster of differentiation (CD14) is an important protein involved in activating toll-like receptors by bacterial components. It exists as either a transmembrane or soluble protein, called mCD14 or sCD14, respectively. Several studies show that CD14 regulates the inflammatory response to periodontal pathogens, and its expression is altered in periodontitis, an inflammatory disease of tooth-supporting tissues. It is the intent of this review to investigate the levels of expression of mCD14 and sCD14 in peripheral blood monocytes, saliva, gingival crevicular fluid, and gingival tissue biopsies in periodontitis patients. Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Ovid/Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were consulted for the online literature search. To ensure methodical quality, titles and abstracts were reviewed in accordance to the PRISMA guidelines. Data extraction and evaluation of the full texts were executed in agreement with the GRADE approach. Results: This systematic review shows that mCD14 levels are decreased in peripheral blood monocytes of periodontitis patients in comparison to healthy patients, while sCD14 levels in sera, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and biopsies of periodontitis patients have a tendency to be increased in comparison to healthy controls. The evaluation of CD14 in gingival biopsies and periodontal tissues elucidated the fact that interpretation of the data obtained with qPCR, ELISA, and flow cytometry is questionable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cellular and Molecular Mechanism in Periodontal Diseases)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-3
Back to TopTop