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Applied Sciences
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Soil Erosion Modelling and Investigations
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Soil Erosion Modelling and Investigations

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 July 2022) | Viewed by 7233
Related Special Issue: Hydrologic and Water Resources Investigations and Modeling

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Nejc Bezak

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Interests: hydrology; sediment transport; soil erosion; rainfall; runoff; modelling; engineering applications; floods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Accelerated soil erosion and its negative impacts are investigated by various disciplines, such as soil science, geography, hydrology, engineering, and human science, since accelerated soil erosion can have numerous negative impacts on the environment and society. Soil erosion modeling is often used for identification of the most critical areas from a soil erosion perspective and for other practical applications. Therefore, investigations related to soil erosion modelling are needed to improve the field (e.g., modeling process, calibration performance, model evaluation).

The main aim of this Special Issue is to gather the latest advances and developments in the field of soil erosion modeling. Therefore, the submission of review papers, original research investigations, and case studies in the following topics is encouraged:

  • Improvements of soil erosion models, calibration and model evaluation steps, including uncertainty assessment;
  • Investigations related to input data collection including field measurements;
  • Detailed analysis of factors that affect soil erosion such as rainfall, topography, soil, crop management, etc.;
  • Investigation of the climate change impact on the soil erosion and on the factors that affect soil erosion;
  • Assessment of the soil conservation practices;
  • Evaluation of the relationship between soil erosion, mass movements and sediment transport.

Prof. Dr. Nejc Bezak
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • soil erosion
  • modeling
  • soil conservation
  • land degradation
  • sediment transport
  • change

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

33 pages, 7426 KiB  
Article
Spatial-Temporal Variability of Future Rainfall Erosivity and Its Impact on Soil Loss Risk in Kenya
by George Watene, Lijun Yu, Yueping Nie, Zongke Zhang, Yves Hategekimana, Felix Mutua, Victor Ongoma and Brian Ayugi
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(21), 9903; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11219903 - 23 Oct 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2434
Abstract
Ongoing climate change poses a major threat to the soil resources of many African countries that mainly rely on an agricultural economy. While arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) take up most of Kenya’s land mass, approximately 64% of its total croplands lie within [...] Read more.
Ongoing climate change poses a major threat to the soil resources of many African countries that mainly rely on an agricultural economy. While arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs) take up most of Kenya’s land mass, approximately 64% of its total croplands lie within mountainous areas with high rainfall, hence, areas highly vulnerable to water erosion. Flooding of the Great Lakes and increasing desertification of the ASALs are illustrative cases of the implications of recent precipitation dynamics in Kenya. This study applied the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to estimate future soil erosion rates at the national level based on four Coupled Model Intercomparison Project v5 (CMIP5) models under two Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios. Results showed the current soil loss rate to be at 4.76 t ha−1 yr−1 and projected an increase in average rainfall erosivity under the two scenarios, except for RCP-2.6 (2030s) and (2080s) for the MIROC-5 model. Future projections revealed an incremental change in rainfall erosivity from the baseline climate by a cumulative average of 39.9% and 61.1% for all scenarios by the 2030s and 2080s, respectively, while soil loss is likely to increase concomitantly by 29% and 60%, respectively. The CCCMA_CANESM2 model under the RCP 8.5 (2080s) scenario projected the highest erosion rate of 15 t ha−1 yr−1 over Kenya, which is a maximum increase of above 200%, with the Rift Valley region recording an increase of up to 100% from 7.05 to 14.66 t ha−1 yr−1. As a first countrywide future soil erosion study, this assessment provides a useful reference for preventing water erosion and improving ecosystem service security. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Erosion Modelling and Investigations)
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12 pages, 3823 KiB  
Article
An Idealized 3D Model of Interfacial Instability of Aeolian Bedform
by Peng Wang, Jie Zhang and Ning Huang
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(19), 8956; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11198956 - 26 Sep 2021
Viewed by 1142
Abstract
An idealized morphodynamic model is constructed for formation of the aeolian sand ripples from small bottom perturbations of a two-dimensional sand bed. The main goal of the analysis is to evaluate the influence of the gravity flow (including “impact-induced gravity flow” in the [...] Read more.
An idealized morphodynamic model is constructed for formation of the aeolian sand ripples from small bottom perturbations of a two-dimensional sand bed. The main goal of the analysis is to evaluate the influence of the gravity flow (including “impact-induced gravity flow” in the reptation flux and “topography-induced gravity flow” in the creep flux) on the formation of the aeolian sand ripples and to clarify the relative contribution of various factors to the bed instability. A 3D linear stability analysis reveals that gravity flow appreciably affects the dynamics behaviors of aeolian sand ripples, which decreases the growth rate of sand ripples, tends to stabilize the sand bed, and leads to longer wavelength. We found that the competition between the destabilizing effect of reptation flow and the stabilizing effects of gravity flow leads to pattern selection. The along-crest diffusion of topography driven by impact and gravity is beneficial to the transverse stability of sand ripples, producing sand ripples with straighter and more continuous crests. For moderate values of D, the most unstable mode has zero value of the transverse wavenumber (ky = 0), thus corresponding to aeolian ripples with crests perpendicular to the wind. Moreover, when the impact angle is 9–16°, it has little effect on the characteristics of sand ripples for the initial stage of ripple development. For every increase of the impact angle by 1°, the initial wavelength only increases by about 1.5%. In conclusion, the influence of the gravity flow on the dynamics of sand ripples formation stage cannot be neglected. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Erosion Modelling and Investigations)
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20 pages, 21037 KiB  
Article
Soil Erosion Assessment and Prediction in Urban Landscapes: A New G2 Model Approach
by Siniša Polovina, Boris Radić, Ratko Ristić, Jovan Kovačević, Vukašin Milčanović and Nikola Živanović
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(9), 4154; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11094154 - 01 May 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2752
Abstract
Soil erosion is a global problem that negatively affects the quality of the environment, the availability of natural resources, as well as the safety of inhabitants. Soil erosion threatens the functioning of urban areas, which was the reason for choosing the territory of [...] Read more.
Soil erosion is a global problem that negatively affects the quality of the environment, the availability of natural resources, as well as the safety of inhabitants. Soil erosion threatens the functioning of urban areas, which was the reason for choosing the territory of the Master Plan of Belgrade (Serbia) as the research area. The calculation of soil erosion loss was analyzed using the G2 erosion model. The model belongs to a group of empirical models and is based on the synthesis of the equation from the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and the Erosion Potential Method (EPM). The estimation of soil degradation was analyzed in two time periods (2001 and 2019), which represent the time boundaries of the management of the Master Plan of Belgrade. The novel approach used in this research is based on using the land cover inventory as a dynamic indicator of the urbanization process. Land cover was identified using remote sensing, machine learning techniques, and the random forest algorithm applied to multispectral satellite images of the Landsat mission in combination with spectral indices. Climatic parameters were analyzed on the basis of data from meteorological stations (first scenario, i.e., 2001), as well as on simulations of changes based on climate scenario RCP8.5 (representative concentration pathways) concerning the current condition of the land cover (second scenario). A comparative analysis of the two time periods identified a slight reduction in total soil loss. For the first period, the average soil loss value is 4.11 t·ha−1·y−1. The analysis of the second period revealed an average value of 3.63 t·ha−1·y−1. However, the increase in non-porous surfaces has led to a change in the focus of soil degradation. Increased average soil loss as one of the catalysts of torrential flood frequencies registered on natural and semi-natural areas were 43.29% and 16.14%, respectively. These results are a significant contribution to the study of soil erosion in urban conditions under the impact of climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Erosion Modelling and Investigations)
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