Advances in Hyperspectral and Multispectral Optical Spectroscopy and Imaging of Tissue

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 August 2021) | Viewed by 14957

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Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
2. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Li Ka-Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
Interests: physics of biomedical imaging (diffuse tomography, photoacoustics, NIRS, MRI); biophotonics; brain imaging
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Co-Guest Editor
Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
Interests: developing noninvasive optical technologies; time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy; diffuse correlation spectroscopy; hyperspectral continuous-wave spectroscopy; 4D hyperspectral tomographic techniques; functional tissue imaging; multichannel derivative-spectroscopy

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Co-Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
Interests: biological imaging tissues with near-infrared spectroscopy and diffuse tomography; biomedical diagnosis; brain and breast imaging; developing new analytical and statistical models for analyzing photon migrations in biological tissues

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Guest Editor
Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
Interests: next generation of optical non-invasive systems; functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS); optically measured biomarkers; non-invasive measurement; brain near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS); neuroscience; bomedical imaging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Optical imaging and characterization of tissue has become a huge applied field due to the advantages of the optical analysis methods, which include non-invasiveness, portability, high sensitivity, and high spectral specificity. This research field continues to grow and spread in many different directions due to the development of new light sources and detectors, such as, for example, the supercontinuum and tunable lasers, portable highly sensitive spectrometers, multiwavelength photoacoustic imagers, due to novel methods of data analysis, such as the machine-learning methods of spectral analysis, and due to novel applications, such as the imaging of embryogenesis or monitoring of the cerebral oxygen metabolism. 

The purpose of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of recent advances in the methods of tissue imaging and characterization which benefit from using large numbers of optical wavelengths. Potential topics include but are not limited to novel methods and instrument designs, in vivo imaging and monitoring of the human and animal organs and embryos, biomedical optical guidance, detection and characterization of diseases, and molecular imaging.

Prof. Dr. Vladislav Toronov
Prof. Dr. Mamadou Diop
Prof. Dr. Angelo Sassaroli
Prof. Dr. Ilias Tachtsidis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Hyperspectral imaging
  • Near infrared spectroscopy
  • Biological tissue
  • Brain imaging
  • Oxygen metabolism
  • Oxygen saturation
  • Supercontinuum laser
  • Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
  • Broadband optical spectroscopy of tissue
  • Multispectral tissue imaging
  • Diffuse optical tomography
  • Photoacoustic imaging
  • Molecular imaging
  • Fluorescence imaging

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

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2 pages, 140 KiB  
Editorial
Advances in Hyperspectral and Multispectral Optical Spectroscopy and Imaging of Tissue
by Vladislav Toronov
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(7), 3543; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12073543 - 31 Mar 2022
Viewed by 1022
Abstract
Optical imaging and characterization of tissue has become a huge applied field due to the advantages of the optical analysis methods, which include non-invasiveness, portability, high sensitivity, and high spectral specificity [...] Full article

Research

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15 pages, 4928 KiB  
Article
Measurement of Adult Human Brain Responses to Breath-Holding by Multi-Distance Hyperspectral Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
by Zahida Guerouah, Steve Lin and Vladislav Toronov
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(1), 371; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app12010371 - 31 Dec 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1478
Abstract
A major limitation of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is its high sensitivity to the scalp and low sensitivity to the brain of adult humans. In the present work we used multi-distance hyperspectral NIRS (hNIRS) to investigate the optimal source-detector distances, wavelength ranges, and analysis [...] Read more.
A major limitation of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is its high sensitivity to the scalp and low sensitivity to the brain of adult humans. In the present work we used multi-distance hyperspectral NIRS (hNIRS) to investigate the optimal source-detector distances, wavelength ranges, and analysis techniques to separate cerebral responses to 30 s breath-holds (BHs) from the responses in the superficial tissue layer in healthy adult humans. We observed significant responses to BHs in the scalp hemodynamics. Cerebral responses to BHs were detected in the cytochrome C oxidase redox (rCCO) at 4 cm without using data from the short-distance channel. Using the data from the 1 cm channel in the two-layer regression algorithm showed that cerebral hemodynamic and rCCO responses also occurred at 3 cm. We found that the waveband 700–900 nm was optimal for the detection of cerebral responses to BHs in adults. Full article
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14 pages, 8242 KiB  
Article
Dual-Slope Diffuse Reflectance Instrument for Calibration-Free Broadband Spectroscopy
by Giles Blaney, Ryan Donaldson, Samee Mushtak, Han Nguyen, Lydia Vignale, Cristianne Fernandez, Thao Pham, Angelo Sassaroli and Sergio Fantini
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(4), 1757; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11041757 - 16 Feb 2021
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3434
Abstract
This work presents the design and validation of an instrument for dual-slope broadband diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. This instrument affords calibration-free, continuous-wave measurements of broadband absorbance of optically diffusive media, which may be translated into absolute absorption spectra by adding frequency-domain measurements of scattering [...] Read more.
This work presents the design and validation of an instrument for dual-slope broadband diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. This instrument affords calibration-free, continuous-wave measurements of broadband absorbance of optically diffusive media, which may be translated into absolute absorption spectra by adding frequency-domain measurements of scattering at two wavelengths. An experiment on a strongly scattering liquid phantom (milk, water, dyes) confirms the instrument’s ability to correctly identify spectral features and measure absolute absorption. This is done by sequentially adding three dyes, each featuring a distinct spectral absorption, to the milk/water phantom. After each dye addition, the absorption spectrum is measured, and it is found to reproduce the spectral features of the added dye. Additionally, the absorption spectrum is compared to the absorption values measured with a commercial frequency-domain instrument at two wavelengths. The measured absorption of the milk/water phantom quantitatively agrees with the known water absorption spectrum (R2=0.98), and the measured absorption of the milk/water/dyes phantom quantitatively agrees with the absorption measured with the frequency-domain instrument in six of eight cases. Additionally, the measured absorption spectrum correctly recovers the concentration of one dye, black India ink, for which we could accurately determine the extinction spectrum (i.e., the specific absorption per unit concentration). The instrumental methods presented in this work can find applications in quantitative spectroscopy of optically diffusive media, and particularly in near-infrared spectroscopy of biological tissue. Full article
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11 pages, 1028 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Optical Imaging Techniques to Quantitatively Assess the Perfusion of the Gastric Conduit during Oesophagectomy
by Maxime D. Slooter, Sanne M. A. Jansen, Paul R. Bloemen, Richard M. van den Elzen, Leah S. Wilk, Ton G. van Leeuwen, Mark I. van Berge Henegouwen, Daniel M. de Bruin and Suzanne S. Gisbertz
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(16), 5522; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10165522 - 10 Aug 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2023
Abstract
In this study, four optical techniques—Optical Coherence Tomography, Sidestream Darkfield Microscopy, Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging, and Fluorescence Angiography (FA)—were compared on performing an intraoperative quantitative perfusion assessment of the gastric conduit during oesophagectomy. We hypothesised that the quantitative parameters show decreased perfusion towards [...] Read more.
In this study, four optical techniques—Optical Coherence Tomography, Sidestream Darkfield Microscopy, Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging, and Fluorescence Angiography (FA)—were compared on performing an intraoperative quantitative perfusion assessment of the gastric conduit during oesophagectomy. We hypothesised that the quantitative parameters show decreased perfusion towards the fundus in the gastric conduit and in patients with anastomotic leakage. In a prospective study in patients undergoing oesophagectomy with gastric conduit reconstruction, measurements were taken with all four optical techniques at four locations from the base towards the fundus in the gastric conduit (Loc1, Loc2, Loc3, Loc4). The primary outcome included 14 quantitative parameters and the anastomotic leakage rate. Imaging was performed in 22 patients during oesophagectomy. Ten out of 14 quantitative parameters significantly indicated a reduced perfusion towards the fundus of the gastric conduit. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 4/22 patients (18.4%). At Loc4, the FA quantitative values for “T1/2” and “mean slope” differed between patients with and without anastomotic leakage (p = 0.025 and p = 0.041, respectively). A quantitative perfusion assessment during oesophagectomy is feasible using optical imaging techniques, of which FA is the most promising for future research. Full article
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23 pages, 2707 KiB  
Article
Optimal Spectral Combination of a Hyperspectral Camera for Intraoperative Hemodynamic and Metabolic Brain Mapping
by Charly Caredda, Laurent Mahieu-Williame, Raphaël Sablong, Michaël Sdika, Jacques Guyotat and Bruno Montcel
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(15), 5158; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app10155158 - 27 Jul 2020
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 2681
Abstract
Intraoperative optical imaging is a localization technique for the functional areas of the human brain cortex during neurosurgical procedures. These areas are assessed by monitoring the oxygenated (HbO2) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (Hb) concentration changes occurring in the brain. Sometimes, the functional [...] Read more.
Intraoperative optical imaging is a localization technique for the functional areas of the human brain cortex during neurosurgical procedures. These areas are assessed by monitoring the oxygenated (HbO2) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (Hb) concentration changes occurring in the brain. Sometimes, the functional status of the brain is assessed using metabolic biomarkers: the oxidative state of cytochrome-c-oxidase (oxCCO). A setup composed of a white light source and a hyperspectral or a standard RGB camera could be used to identify the functional areas. The choice of the best spectral configuration is still based on an empirical approach. We propose in this study a method to define the optimal spectral combinations of a commercial hyperspectral camera for the computation of hemodynamic and metabolic brain maps. The method is based on a Monte Carlo framework that simulates the acquisition of the intrinsic optical signal following a neuronal activation. The results indicate that the optimal spectral combination of a hyperspectral camera aims to accurately quantify the HbO2 (0.5% error), Hb (4.4% error), and oxCCO (15% error) responses in the brain following neuronal activation. We also show that RGB imaging is a low cost and accurate solution to compute Hb maps (4% error), but not accurate to compute HbO2 (48% error) or oxCCO (1036% error) maps. Full article
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Review

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32 pages, 2200 KiB  
Review
The Use of Supercontinuum Laser Sources in Biomedical Diffuse Optics: Unlocking the Power of Multispectral Imaging
by Frédéric Lange, Luca Giannoni and Ilias Tachtsidis
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(10), 4616; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/app11104616 - 18 May 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3415
Abstract
Optical techniques based on diffuse optics have been around for decades now and are making their way into the day-to-day medical applications. Even though the physics foundations of these techniques have been known for many years, practical implementation of these technique were hindered [...] Read more.
Optical techniques based on diffuse optics have been around for decades now and are making their way into the day-to-day medical applications. Even though the physics foundations of these techniques have been known for many years, practical implementation of these technique were hindered by technological limitations, mainly from the light sources and/or detection electronics. In the past 20 years, the developments of supercontinuum laser (SCL) enabled to unlock some of these limitations, enabling the development of system and methodologies relevant for medical use, notably in terms of spectral monitoring. In this review, we focus on the use of SCL in biomedical diffuse optics, from instrumentation and methods developments to their use for medical applications. A total of 95 publications were identified, from 1993 to 2021. We discuss the advantages of the SCL to cover a large spectral bandwidth with a high spectral power and fast switching against the disadvantages of cost, bulkiness, and long warm up times. Finally, we summarize the utility of using such light sources in the development and application of diffuse optics in biomedical sciences and clinical applications. Full article
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