Sources, Transport, and Sinks of Biogenic Sulfur in the Atmosphere

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Aerosols".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2020) | Viewed by 5922

Special Issue Editor

Korea Polar Research Institute, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21990, Korea
Interests: biogeochemical cycling of DMS; formation and growth of marine aerosols; climate feedback.

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Atmospheric sulfur is of considerable interest due to its role in regulating the radiative balance of the Earth. Sulfur compounds in the atmosphere originate from both natural and anthropogenic sources. The natural biogenic sources constitute a large fraction of the atmospheric sulfate aerosol that is considered to be the dominant component of atmospheric aerosol burden. In particular, marine biota play key roles in controlling the global sulfur cycle by producing gaseous sulfur compounds (e.g., dimethyl sulfide, carbon disulfide, and carbonyl sulfide) and nonvolatile dissolved organic sulfur compounds. The ongoing climate change could induce alterations in the emission of these biogenic sulfur compounds into the atmosphere by affecting changes in biomass and composition of marine biota. To understand global sulfur cycles and their impacts on climate, it is critical to evaluate the sources, transport, and sink of biogenic sulfur in the atmosphere. We kindly invite you to submit research papers addressing field measurements, laboratory experiments, and modeling studies on biogenic sulfur compounds in this Special Issue.

Dr. Ki-Tae Park
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • atmospheric sulfur
  • biogenic sulfur compounds
  • air-sea interaction
  • dimethyl sulfide
  • marine aerosols

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2101 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Ocean Acidification and Warming on DMSP & DMS in New Zealand Coastal Water
by Alexia D. Saint-Macary, Neill Barr, Evelyn Armstrong, Karl Safi, Andrew Marriner, Mark Gall, Kiri McComb, Peter W. Dillingham and Cliff S. Law
Atmosphere 2021, 12(2), 181; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/atmos12020181 - 29 Jan 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2886
Abstract
The cycling of the trace gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) may be affected by future ocean acidification and warming. DMSP and DMS concentrations were monitored over 20-days in four mesocosm experiments in which the temperature and pH of coastal [...] Read more.
The cycling of the trace gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) may be affected by future ocean acidification and warming. DMSP and DMS concentrations were monitored over 20-days in four mesocosm experiments in which the temperature and pH of coastal water were manipulated to projected values for the year 2100 and 2150. This had no effect on DMSP in the two-initial nutrient-depleted experiments; however, in the two nutrient-amended experiments, warmer temperature combined with lower pH had a more significant effect on DMSP & DMS concentrations than lower pH alone. Overall, this indicates that future warming may have greater influence on DMS production than ocean acidification. The observed reduction in DMSP at warmer temperatures was associated with changes in phytoplankton community and in particular with small flagellate biomass. A small decrease in DMS concentration was measured in the treatments relative to other studies, from −2% in the nutrient-amended low pH treatment to −16% in the year 2150 pH and temperature conditions. Temporal variation was also observed with DMS concentration increasing earlier in the higher temperature treatment. Nutrient availability and community composition should be considered in models of future DMS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sources, Transport, and Sinks of Biogenic Sulfur in the Atmosphere)
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10 pages, 2394 KiB  
Article
First High-Frequency Underway Observation of DMS Distribution in the Southern Ocean during Austral Autumn
by Intae Kim, Miming Zhang, Kitae Kim and Keyhong Park
Atmosphere 2021, 12(1), 122; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/atmos12010122 - 16 Jan 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2440
Abstract
We investigate the distribution of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in the Southern Ocean’s (50° W to 170° W) surface water, including the Antarctic Peninsula and the marginal sea ice zone (MIZ) in the Ross and Amundsen Seas. This is the first high-frequency observation conducted [...] Read more.
We investigate the distribution of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in the Southern Ocean’s (50° W to 170° W) surface water, including the Antarctic Peninsula and the marginal sea ice zone (MIZ) in the Ross and Amundsen Seas. This is the first high-frequency observation conducted in the austral autumn (in April) in the Southern Ocean. The mean DMS concentration was 2.7 ± 2.5 nM (1 σ) for the entire study area. Noticeably enhanced DMS (5 to 28 nM) concentrations were observed in the MIZ around the Ross and Amundsen Seas and the coastal regions in the Antarctic Peninsula; this could be attributed to biological production of local ice algae, which appears to be supplied with nutrients from glacial or sea ice melt water. These observed DMS inventories were significantly higher (an order of magnitude) than current climatological DMS inventories. The local DMS sources being transported outward from the polynyas, where strong bloom occurs during summer, could result in larger discrepancies between observed DMS and climatological DMS in the MIZ area (in the Amundsen Sea). Overall, this study is the first to highlight the significance of the underestimation of current DMS fluxes in the austral autumn, which consequently results in significant errors in the climate models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sources, Transport, and Sinks of Biogenic Sulfur in the Atmosphere)
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