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Atmosphere
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Variabilities due to Solar and Climatic Cycles and Natural Causes...
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Variabilities due to Solar and Climatic Cycles and Natural Causes Observed in South America

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosphere/Hydrosphere/Land–Atmosphere Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 August 2022) | Viewed by 4965

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Virginia Klausner de Oliveira

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Guest Editor
Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (IP&D), Laboratório de Registros Naturais (Natural Records Laboratory), University of Vale do Paraíba, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911 - Urbanova, São José dos Campos SP 12244-390, Brazil
Interests: geomagnetism; tsunamis; ionosphere physics; physics of the sun-earth relationship (space weather); spectral analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Alan Prestes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (IP&D), Laboratório de Registros Naturais (Natural Records Laboratory), University of Vale do Paraíba, São José dos Campos SP 12244-390, Brazil
Interests: space weather; sun-earth interaction; study of the sun-earth-climate relationship through natural records; magnetospheric activity; interplanetary medium - space weather
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This special edition will accept research on Sun-Earth-Climate relationships and natural causes using observational data and computational analysis. These climatic, solar and natural-cause variabilities range over a time scale from the recent past (1000 years) to the present. Among the most used observational data, there are sunspots, geomagnetic, ionospheric, meteorological, climatic, and hydrological data. On the other hand, one can learn about the past of solar and climate variabilities by reading terrestrial archives that provide us with "proxy" data on the history of the Sun and climate. Bearing in mind that different natural mechanisms can affect the climate of a given place, in addition to anthropogenic effects, it is necessary to study the influence of solar activity, El Niño events, among other geophysical phenomena to understand the climate variability. The study of solar activity, the structures of the interplanetary way and their effects on the magnetosphere and ionosphere are also important to understand physical dynamic process during magnetic storms, substorms, and auroras. Scientists of the Natural Records Laboratory (Laboratório de Registros Naturais - LRN) from University of Vale do Paraíba (Universidade do Vale do Paraíba) are dedicated to expanding the tree ring use and its application, as well as, other observational records to improve our understanding of past climate and environmental history in Brazil and South America. Our current research focuses on the use of tree ring data networks to study regional climate, global climate teleconnections, Sun-Earth-Climate interrelationships and anthropogenic impacts. Finally, we strongly encourage the submission of studies with the potential to help understand the variability over South America.

Prof. Dr. Virginia Klausner de Oliveira
Prof. Dr. Alan Prestes
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • tree rings
  • climate
  • solar activity
  • sun-earth relationship
  • geomagnetism

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1246 KiB  
Article
Caatinga Albedo Preserved and Replaced by Pasture in Northeast Brazil
by Alcindo Mariano Souza, Cláudio Moisés Santos e Silva and Bergson Guedes Bezerra
Atmosphere 2021, 12(12), 1622; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/atmos12121622 - 06 Dec 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2151
Abstract
The caatinga is considered South America’s largest seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) and one of the most vulnerable endemic biomes in relation to climate change. The surface albedo in caatinga is relevant to understanding the role of this biome in the climate of [...] Read more.
The caatinga is considered South America’s largest seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) and one of the most vulnerable endemic biomes in relation to climate change. The surface albedo in caatinga is relevant to understanding the role of this biome in the climate of the Northeast region of Brazil. Thus, a comparative analysis was conducted between the albedos of preserved and anthropized caatinga (pasture). Data were collected using CNR4-type net radiometers during the dry and rainy seasons. The mean albedo values were higher in the Pasture both in the dry and rainy season, with values of 0.181 and 0.177, respectively. In the caatinga, the mean albedo values were 0.137 in the dry season and 0.146 in the rainy season. The hourly average values for albedo, taken between 6:30 a.m. and 4 p.m., with intervals of 30 min, were also higher in the pasture. For convenience, this study uses local standard time (LST), which is 3 h behind from coordinated universal time (UTC). The greatest dispersions in the frequencies of the mean hourly albedo values occurred in the early morning and late afternoon. Some of the consequences of this study is the confirmation that there is an increase in albedo in caatinga replaced by pasture and this causes a reduction in the net radiation and also the finding that a region where there is adequate pasture management also enables albedo management and from solar radiation. And that further studies can indicate the impacts on temperature and precipitation, especially in warmer periods during the dry season. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Variabilities due to Solar and Climatic Cycles and Natural Causes Observed in South America)
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14 pages, 12014 KiB  
Article
Climate Influence in Dendrochronological Series of Araucaria angustifolia from Campos do Jordão, Brazil
by Daniela Oliveira da Silva, Alan Prestes, Virginia Klausner and Táyla Gabrielle Gonçalves de Souza
Atmosphere 2021, 12(8), 957; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/atmos12080957 - 25 Jul 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1949
Abstract
A dendrochronological series of Araucaria angustifolia was analyzed for a better understanding of the climatic factors that operate in Campos do Jordão city, São Paulo state, Brazil. The dendroclimatic analysis was carried out using 45 samples from 16 Araucaria angustifolia trees to reconstruct [...] Read more.
A dendrochronological series of Araucaria angustifolia was analyzed for a better understanding of the climatic factors that operate in Campos do Jordão city, São Paulo state, Brazil. The dendroclimatic analysis was carried out using 45 samples from 16 Araucaria angustifolia trees to reconstruct the precipitation and the temperature over the 1803–2012 yearly interval. To this end, Pearson’s correlation was calculated between mean chronology and the climatic time series using a monthly temporal resolution to calibrate our models. We obtained correlations as high as r=0.22(α=0.1) for precipitation (February), and r=0.21(α=0.1) for temperature (March), both corresponding to the end of the summer season. Our results show evidence of temporal instabilities because the correlations for the halves of 1963–2012 were very different, as well as for the full period. To overcome this problem, the dendrochronological series and the climatic data were investigated using the wavelet techniques searching for time-dependent cause–effect relationships. From these analyses, we find a strong influence of the region’s precipitation and temperature on the growth of tree ring widths. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Variabilities due to Solar and Climatic Cycles and Natural Causes Observed in South America)
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