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Atmosphere
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Long-Range Transport of Dust over the High-Latitude Regions
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Long-Range Transport of Dust over the High-Latitude Regions

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Aerosols".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2020) | Viewed by 9920

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Beatrice Moroni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
Interests: geochemistry; mineralogy; individual particle analysis; particulate matter; dust sources; aerosol science and technology; air quality
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

High-latitude regions (HLRs) are the most remote but also the most vulnerable sites on Earth to current climate change. It has been suggested that mineral dust contributes to the amplification of climatic effects over there (the so-called ‘Polar amplification effect’) through the deposition of light-absorbing particulate on snow and ice. Mineral dust can also affect the radiative forcing in HLRs by scattering and absorbing solar and thermal radiation and by acting as condensation nuclei on clouds.

The effects of dust are driven by the nature and properties of its constituent particles which, in turn, are strictly dependent on sources. While local sources of dust are able to exert a fairly regular influence on the aerosol properties, the influence of long-range sources can change considerably over time depending on both the activation of the source regions (i.e., dust resuspension) and the atmospheric circulation path. Therefore, a detailed analysis of the soil sources, the emission rates, the particle characteristics, the long-range trasport routes, and the atmospheric processing of dust reaching the HLRs is the starting point to evaluate its current impact on those regions and, possibly, to predict its future effect on the global scenario of climate change.

This Special Issue aims to integrate and summarize contemporary insights and findings on the above topics. Both research articles and reviews that provide a cross-cutting view of the progress of research on the sources and properties of long-range transported dust affecting HLRs are welcome. We are particularly interested in original research papers dealing with the relationships between long-range soil sources and dust properties at receptor sites by field measurements, observational studies, laboratory experiments, and numerical models.

Dr. Beatrice Moroni
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Soil/dust mineralogy and geochemistry
  • Physical properties of soil/dust
  • Individual particle characteristics
  • Soil erosion
  • Cloud chemistry
  • Remote sensing
  • Trajectory analysis
  • Receptor models
  • Particle dispersion and transport models
  • Field measurements/laboratory experiments

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4147 KiB  
Article
Potential Source Contribution Function Analysis of High Latitude Dust Sources over the Arctic: Preliminary Results and Prospects
by Stefano Crocchianti, Beatrice Moroni, Pavla Dagsson Waldhauserová, Silvia Becagli, Mirko Severi, Rita Traversi and David Cappelletti
Atmosphere 2021, 12(3), 347; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/atmos12030347 - 07 Mar 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2538
Abstract
The results of a preliminary investigation of the dust sources in the Arctic based on their geochemical properties by potential source contribution function (PSCF) analysis are presented in this paper. For this purpose, we considered one year of aerosol geochemical data from Ny-Ålesund, [...] Read more.
The results of a preliminary investigation of the dust sources in the Arctic based on their geochemical properties by potential source contribution function (PSCF) analysis are presented in this paper. For this purpose, we considered one year of aerosol geochemical data from Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, and a short list of chemical elements (i.e., Al, Fe, Mn, Ti, Cr, V, Ni, Cu, and Zn) variably related to the dust fraction. Based on PSCF analysis: (i) four different dust source areas (i.e., Eurasia, Greenland, Arctic-Alaska, and Iceland) were characterized by distinguishing geochemical ranges and seasonal occurrence; and (ii) a series of typical dust days from the distinct source areas were identified based on the corresponding back trajectory patterns. Icelandic dust samples revealed peculiar but very variable characteristics in relation to their geographical source regions marked by air mass back trajectories. The comparison between pure and mixed Icelandic dust samples (i.e., aerosols containing Icelandic dust along with natural and/or anthropogenic components) revealed the occurrence of different mixing situations. Comparison with Icelandic soils proved the existence of dilution effects related to the emission and the transport processes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long-Range Transport of Dust over the High-Latitude Regions)
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26 pages, 10466 KiB  
Article
Seeking the Sources of Dust: Geochemical and Magnetic Studies on “Cryodust” in Glacial Cores from Southern Spitsbergen (Svalbard, Norway)
by Marek Lewandowski, Monika A. Kusiak, Tomasz Werner, Adam Nawrot, Barbara Barzycka, Michał Laska and Bartłomiej Luks
Atmosphere 2020, 11(12), 1325; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/atmos11121325 - 07 Dec 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3696
Abstract
Natural mineral particulate matter deposited from aerosols and trapped in glaciers—herein defined as “cryodust”—may be an excellent indicator of atmospheric circulation, if terrestrial sources of dust can be identified. In this study, we analyzed the composition of cryodust in shallow ice cores taken [...] Read more.
Natural mineral particulate matter deposited from aerosols and trapped in glaciers—herein defined as “cryodust”—may be an excellent indicator of atmospheric circulation, if terrestrial sources of dust can be identified. In this study, we analyzed the composition of cryodust in shallow ice cores taken from five glaciers in Southern Spitsbergen (Svalbard Archipelago, Northern Norway). The chemical composition, magnetic properties and radiogenic ages of individual grains were measured, where possible, to provide indicators of source areas. To identify mineral and rock fragments, solid particulates were examined by Scanning Electron Microscope fitted with a backscattered electron and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopic detectors. An Electron MicroProbe was employed for the U-Th-Pb chemical dating of monazite grains. Magnetic measurements comprised analyses of magnetic susceptibility (κ) vs. temperature (T) variations and determination of magnetic hysteresis parameters. Monazite ages span 445–423 Ma, consistent with mineral growth during the Caledonian orogeny. Caledonian rocks are exposed in the Nordaustlandet area of North-Eastern Svalbard, and this is the most probable source for monazite grains. Magnetic analyses show a predominance of ferrous (FeII) over ferric (FeIII) phases, consistent with a lack of input from subtropical sources. The results from both methods are consistent with local sources of dust from exposures in the Svalbard archipelago. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long-Range Transport of Dust over the High-Latitude Regions)
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17 pages, 5377 KiB  
Article
High Latitude Dust Transport Altitude Pattern Revealed from Deposition on Snow, Svalbard
by Jan Kavan, Kamil Láska, Adam Nawrot and Tomasz Wawrzyniak
Atmosphere 2020, 11(12), 1318; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/atmos11121318 - 06 Dec 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3127
Abstract
High Latitude Dust (HLD) deposition in the surface snow layer in two distant locations in Svalbard (Hornsund and Pyramiden) were collected during the June/July 2019 field campaign and examined in the laboratory. Despite the differences in their climate and topography, both locations are [...] Read more.
High Latitude Dust (HLD) deposition in the surface snow layer in two distant locations in Svalbard (Hornsund and Pyramiden) were collected during the June/July 2019 field campaign and examined in the laboratory. Despite the differences in their climate and topography, both locations are characterised by very similar spatial patterns of the deposition. On the one hand, strong linear negative relationship between the altitude of the sample taken and its concentration was found in low altitude (below 300 m a.s.l.), suggesting a strong influence of local HLD sources. On the other hand, almost constant concentrations were found at higher elevated sampling sites (above 300 m a.s.l.). This suggests a predominantly long-range transport in high altitude areas. The importance of local sources in the lower altitude corresponds well with the generally higher concentrations of HLD in the Pyramiden area. This region has a drier, continental climate and more deglaciated bare land surfaces, which favour more sediment to be uplifted in comparison with the more maritime climate of Hornsund area in the southern part of Svalbard. The spatial division between the local and long-range transport is supported by the proportion of certain lithophile elements in the altitude gradient. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Long-Range Transport of Dust over the High-Latitude Regions)
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