Effects of Sport Activity on Health Promotion

A special issue of Behavioral Sciences (ISSN 2076-328X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2019) | Viewed by 47118

Special Issue Editors

Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Interests: psychosocial factors; healthy lifestyle; education; physical activity; sport; exercise
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Integrated Didactics (Didactics of Corporal Expression), University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
Interests: physical education; sport; health; new technologies; motivation; self-concept
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Education (Didactics of Corporal Expression), University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
Interests: physical activity; sport; health; substance abuse; motivation; emotional intelligence

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Sedentarism and its associated pathologies have become a central problem in the 21st century. Specifically, it has been shown that a sedentary lifestyle is associated with a multitude of problems, such as obesity, type II diabetes, increased risk of osteoporosis and cancer or low self-esteem or depression. In fact, this situation affects all sectors of the population, including children, adults, and the elderly. Given this perspective, the literature has shown how the practice of physical activity and sport is an essential means to address this problem and improve health.

This Special Issue aims to explore the current state of this issue, delving into the current causes linked to the development of sedentary lifestyles. In addition, it is intended to know the relationship of the level of physical activity practice with different contextual factors, pathologies or indicators of physical and mental health in various populations. Likewise, this issue is open to reviews, descriptive or experimental studies that contribute new knowledge to this area, as well as new methodological proposals related to education for the promotion of active lifestyles. This Special Issue will focus on this issue and its solutions, what our current state of knowledge is and future directions for promoting physical activity.

Prof. Dr. Félix Zurita Ortega
Prof. Dr. Ramón Chacón Cuberos
Prof. Dr. Manuel Castro Sánchez
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Physical Activity
  • Sport
  • Physical Education
  • Sedentary lifestyle
  • Health
  • Obesity
  • Psychosocial factors

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 762 KiB  
Article
Effectiveness of a Motor Intervention Program on Motivation and Learning of English Vocabulary in Preschoolers: A Pilot Study
by Rosario Padial-Ruz, Raquel García-Molina and Esther Puga-González
Behav. Sci. 2019, 9(8), 84; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bs9080084 - 05 Aug 2019
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4108
Abstract
(1) Background: Linking physical activity to the teaching of curricular contents provides numerous motivational and emotional benefits which improve academic performance and lead to the improvement and creation of healthy habits from an early age. (2) Method: The objective of the study is [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Linking physical activity to the teaching of curricular contents provides numerous motivational and emotional benefits which improve academic performance and lead to the improvement and creation of healthy habits from an early age. (2) Method: The objective of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of a 5-week intervention program based on the use of a combined methodology of physical activity and gestures on motivation and vocabulary learning in English. The sample of children was aged from 4 to 7 years and was recruited from three children’s centers in Tegucigalpa, Honduras. A quasi-experimentalstudy was carried out using a pretest–posttest design in a sample (n = 88). (3) Results: Statistically significant results were obtained in the learning of words through the combined methodology of gestures and motor activity, compared to the traditional methodology used in the control group. (4) Conclusions: The main conclusions are that motor and expressive activities at an early age can be an effective motivational resource that promotes an increase in children’s physical activity time in the classroom. Further, it improves academic performance, producing a more effective learning of the vocabulary of a second language. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Sport Activity on Health Promotion)
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12 pages, 256 KiB  
Article
Relationship between Academic Stress, Physical Activity and Diet in University Students of Education
by Ramón Chacón-Cuberos, Félix Zurita-Ortega, Eva María Olmedo-Moreno and Manuel Castro-Sánchez
Behav. Sci. 2019, 9(6), 59; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bs9060059 - 05 Jun 2019
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 13706
Abstract
(1) Background: Several research works have shown the relationship between physical activity (PA), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and health. Nevertheless, there are few studies that demonstrate the relationship of these habits with academic performance, and specifically with academic stress. (2) Methods: [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Several research works have shown the relationship between physical activity (PA), adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and health. Nevertheless, there are few studies that demonstrate the relationship of these habits with academic performance, and specifically with academic stress. (2) Methods: This descriptive, non-experimental, and cross-sectional study aims to analyse the associations between these variables in a sample composed of 515 university students, using as main instruments the KIDMED, PAQ-A and the Scale of Academic Stress. (3) Results: The university students analysed showed higher levels of academic stress for women, and especially in the academic obligations and communication of own ideas. In addition, it was shown that those university students that had a body mass index (BMI) associated with being overweight or under-weight were the respondents with higher levels of stress. Finally, the students with a low adherence to MD had higher scores for stress associated with the communication of their own ideas, while PA was not related to academic stress. When sex and BMI variables were controlled in the regression model, no associations were obtained between stress and diet quality. (4) Conclusions: This study shows interesting implications in the treatment of academic stress. Although stress was not associated with diet and physical activity, it was linked to a worse state of health associated with states of being overweight, being of special interest the treatment of stress in women. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Sport Activity on Health Promotion)
9 pages, 277 KiB  
Article
Association between Motivational Climate, Adherence to Mediterranean Diet, and Levels of Physical Activity in Physical Education Students
by Gabriel González-Valero, José Luis Ubago-Jiménez, Irwin A. Ramírez-Granizo and Pilar Puertas-Molero
Behav. Sci. 2019, 9(4), 37; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bs9040037 - 11 Apr 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4751
Abstract
Physical Education is an essential educational area to develop physical-healthy habits and motivational orientations, which are fundamental to guide the situation of future Physical Education teachers. These professionals will have a fundamental role in teaching different types of motivations, active lifestyles, and healthy [...] Read more.
Physical Education is an essential educational area to develop physical-healthy habits and motivational orientations, which are fundamental to guide the situation of future Physical Education teachers. These professionals will have a fundamental role in teaching different types of motivations, active lifestyles, and healthy habits in youths. For this reason, the objective of the study is to know the association between motivational climate, adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD), and the practice of physical activity in future Physical Education teachers. A cross-sectional and nonexperimental study was carried out using a single measurement within a single group. The sample consisted of 775 university students from the cities of Andalusia (Spain). Motivational climate was evaluated through the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire (PMCSQ-2), levels of physical activity were evaluated through the adolescent version of the Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ-A), and level of adherence to the MD was assessed through Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED). On one hand, the healthy and self-improvement component promoted by physical activity favors an orientation focused on process and learning. Likewise, the competitive component is key to motivation focused on product and social recognition. In addition, future Physical Education teachers should pay special attention to the unequal recognition among members that physical activity can generate, in order to avoid personal disregard and social rejection. The ego climate is related to a high adherence to the MD. On the other hand, the future Physical Education teachers who manifest motivational processes based on fun and their own satisfaction have low levels of adherence to the MD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Sport Activity on Health Promotion)
9 pages, 554 KiB  
Article
Active Transport, Not Device Use, Associates with Self-Reported School Week Physical Activity in Adolescents
by Ryan D. Burns, Christopher D. Pfledderer and Timothy A. Brusseau
Behav. Sci. 2019, 9(3), 32; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bs9030032 - 21 Mar 2019
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4110
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among active transport, electronic device-use, and self-reported school week moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in a sample of adolescents. The sample consisted of 1445 adolescents enrolled in the Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and [...] Read more.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among active transport, electronic device-use, and self-reported school week moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in a sample of adolescents. The sample consisted of 1445 adolescents enrolled in the Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating study. A panel research organization invited panel members balanced to the US population on sex, census division, household income and size, and race/ethnicity. Web-based surveys were administered to each selected adolescent. Adolescents answered questions pertaining to out-of-school electronic device-use and active transport to and from school. Predicted weekly minutes of MVPA were calculated from the Youth Activity Profile. The outcome variable was predicted school week MVPA (in minutes). The predictive utility of device-use and active transport variables on self-reported school week MVPA were examined using weighted multiple linear regression models. After adjusting for age, sex, and BMI, active transport to school (b = 12.32, 95% CI [9.72–14.93], p < 0.001) and from school (b = 7.18, 95% CI [4.79–5.57], p < 0.001) were significantly associated with self-reported school week MVPA. No device-use variables were significantly associated with school week MVPA. Active transport to and from school may have an impact on school week MVPA in adolescents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Sport Activity on Health Promotion)
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15 pages, 277 KiB  
Article
Student Perceptions of Motor, Mental and Social Benefits and the Impact of Practicing Recreational Figure Skating
by Anca Ionescu and Dana Badau
Behav. Sci. 2018, 8(12), 110; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bs8120110 - 27 Nov 2018
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 6170
Abstract
The study aims to highlight the impact of practicing recreational figure skating by evaluating the relationship between the perceptions of motor, mental and social benefits of practicing figure skating and the frequency and duration allocated for this recreational activity. The study included 143 [...] Read more.
The study aims to highlight the impact of practicing recreational figure skating by evaluating the relationship between the perceptions of motor, mental and social benefits of practicing figure skating and the frequency and duration allocated for this recreational activity. The study included 143 students of physical education and sport specialization. The questionnaire was designed to evaluate the students’ perception about the benefits of practicing recreational figure skating; it included 30 items divided in three parts: motor, mental and social benefits. Each of them contained 10 items to be assessed by students using the Likert scale, with 2 items related to the duration and frequency of practicing figure skating during recreational time. The results were processed using SPPS 24. The results were statistically significant at p < 0.05. The Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was α = 0.965, suggesting that the items had high internal consistency. Using the Likert scale, we found the following: concerning the high score 5 points—the motor capacity 62.9%, the mental capacity 49.7%, the social capacity 49.7%; and for a low score of 1 point—mental and social capacity 1.4%, motor capacity 0.7%. The effect size was medium for almost all items. No statistically significant correlations were found between the result of the questionnaire and the frequency and duration of practicing figure skating during free time. Figure skating is considered by students to be one of the activities through which a series of parameters of physical development and level of physical fitness can be improved through the expansion of motor skills. Also, the practice of figure skating contributes to the formation of proactive behaviors by improving the mental and social abilities of practitioners. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Sport Activity on Health Promotion)
10 pages, 277 KiB  
Article
Motivational Climate in Youth Football Players
by Manuel Castro-Sánchez, Félix Zurita-Ortega, José Luis Ubago-Jiménez, Irwin A. Ramírez-Granizo and Ramón Chacón-Cuberos
Behav. Sci. 2018, 8(9), 83; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bs8090083 - 15 Sep 2018
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4997
Abstract
(1) Background: In recent decades, the psychology of sport has gained special relevance in this field, due to the influence of psychological variables on sports performance and the regularity of sports practice. The aim of this research is to analyse the motivational climate [...] Read more.
(1) Background: In recent decades, the psychology of sport has gained special relevance in this field, due to the influence of psychological variables on sports performance and the regularity of sports practice. The aim of this research is to analyse the motivational climate of footballers. (2) Methods: This study uses a descriptive cross-sectional design on a sample of 156 adolescent football players, using an ad-hoc questionnaire for the recording of socio-demographic variables and the PMCSQ-2 questionnaire on motivational climate in sport. (3) Results: The results of the present investigation indicate that footballers are more oriented towards task than ego, sportsmen who compete in Honor Division being the those who are more oriented towards ego and those of National Division being more oriented towards task. (4) Conclusions: The main conclusion of this research is those who are the motivational climate is related to the division in which the players compete. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Sport Activity on Health Promotion)

Review

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10 pages, 388 KiB  
Review
Development of Emotional Intelligence through Physical Activity and Sport Practice. A Systematic Review
by José Luis Ubago-Jiménez, Gabriel González-Valero, Pilar Puertas-Molero and Inmaculada García-Martínez
Behav. Sci. 2019, 9(4), 44; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bs9040044 - 24 Apr 2019
Cited by 35 | Viewed by 8605
Abstract
At present, knowledge of physical and cognitive aspects is essential in the sporting context. Faced with this situation, the control and knowledge of emotions has a person on himself and on others, affects the sporting action. The aim of this work is to [...] Read more.
At present, knowledge of physical and cognitive aspects is essential in the sporting context. Faced with this situation, the control and knowledge of emotions has a person on himself and on others, affects the sporting action. The aim of this work is to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence and the practice of physical activity. Through a systematic review in databases such as the Web of Science and Scopus that contain the terms of emotional intelligence along with the parameters of physical activity and sport. Twenty-four articles comprised the sample for further analysis. By way of conclusion it can be said that the main field of study of emotional intelligence related to the practice of physical activity is educational. Likewise, emotional intelligence is a determining factor in the improvement of sports competences. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effects of Sport Activity on Health Promotion)
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