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Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicines

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A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Regenerative Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 9114

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Muhammad Wajid Ullah

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Guest Editor

Biofuels Institute, School of The Environmental and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
Interests: bacterial cellulose; bioprinting; 3D scaffolds; tissue engineering; drug delivery; biosensing; cell-free biosynthesis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Guang Yang

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Assistant Guest Editor

School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: medical materials; drug carrier; photoelectric materials; ordered nanomaterial assembly
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Sehrish Manan

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Guest Editor

School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: biomaterials; polysaccharides; genetic engineering; transformation; biofilms; metabolic engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The last decade has witnessed a significant increase in interest toward the development of biological scaffolds for their applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicines, thanks to the latest development in fabrication strategies of such scaffolds. The need to develop scaffolds for treating damages to skin, bone, cartilage, cardiovascular tissues, cornea, retina, and others has forced researchers to explore new materials and material combinations and develop advanced techniques to fabricate biological scaffolds. This Special Issue aimed to cover, among others, the below topics, and authors are welcome to submit research articles, mini- and full-length reviews, and communications on the related topics:

Advancements in fabrication strategies of scaffolds;
Choice of materials and cells/tissues for biological scaffolds;
Structure–function relationship in scaffolds;
Cell–scaffold interaction (in vitro/in vivo);
Applications of biological scaffolds in tissue engineering and regenerative medicines.

Dr. Muhammad Wajid Ullah
Prof. Dr. Guang Yang
Dr. Sehrish Manan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Scaffolds
Biocompatibility
Tissue engineering
Regenerative medicines
Skin tissues
Bone and cartilage tissues
Cardiovascular tissues
Ocular tissues

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 10180 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of Storage Conditions on Decellularized Porcine Conjunctiva

by Adam Skornia, Gerd Geerling, Kristina Spaniol and Joana Witt

Bioengineering 2023, 10(3), 350; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bioengineering10030350 - 11 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1401

Abstract

Porcine decellularized conjunctiva (PDC) represents a promising alternative source for conjunctival reconstruction. Methods of its re-epithelialization in vitro with primary human conjunctival epithelial cells (HCEC) have already been established. However, a long-term storage method is required for a simplified clinical use of PDC. This study investigates the influence of several storage variants on PDC. PDC were stored in (1) phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS) at 4 °C, (2) in glycerol-containing epithelial cell medium (EM/gly) at −80 °C and (3) in dimethyl sulfoxide-containing epithelial cell medium (EM/DMSO) at −196 °C in liquid nitrogen for two and six months, respectively. Fresh PDC served as control. Histological structure, biomechanical parameters, the content of collagen and elastin and the potential of re-epithelialization with primary HCEC under cultivation for 14 days were compared (n = 4–10). In all groups, PDC showed a well-preserved extracellular matrix without structural disruptions and with comparable fiber density (p ≥ 0.74). Collagen and elastin content were not significantly different between the groups (p ≥ 0.18; p ≥ 0.13, respectively). With the exception of the significantly reduced tensile strength of PDC after storage at −196 °C in EM/DMSO for six months (0.46 ± 0.21 MPa, p = 0.02), no differences were seen regarding the elastic modulus, tensile strength and extensibility compared to control (0.87 ± 0.25 MPa; p ≥ 0.06). The mean values of the epithelialized PDC surface ranged from 51.9 ± 8.8% (−196 °C) to 78.3 ± 4.4% (−80 °C) and did not differ significantly (p ≥ 0.35). In conclusion, all examined storage methods were suitable for storing PDC for at least six months. All PDC were able to re-epithelialize, which rules out cytotoxic influences of the storage conditions and suggests preserved biocompatibility for in vivo application. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicines)

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25 pages, 7771 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Mechanical Characterisation and Numerical Modelling of TPMS-Based Gyroid and Diamond Ti6Al4V Scaffolds for Bone Implants: An Integrated Approach for Translational Consideration

by Seyed Ataollah Naghavi, Maryam Tamaddon, Arsalan Marghoub, Katherine Wang, Behzad Bahrami Babamiri, Kavan Hazeli, Wei Xu, Xin Lu, Changning Sun, Liqing Wang, Mehran Moazen, Ling Wang, Dichen Li and Chaozong Liu

Bioengineering 2022, 9(10), 504; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bioengineering9100504 - 24 Sep 2022

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4017

Abstract

Additive manufacturing has been used to develop a variety of scaffold designs for clinical and industrial applications. Mechanical properties (i.e., compression, tension, bending, and torsion response) of these scaffolds are significantly important for load-bearing orthopaedic implants. In this study, we designed and additively manufactured porous metallic biomaterials based on two different types of triply periodic minimal surface structures (i.e., gyroid and diamond) that mimic the mechanical properties of bone, such as porosity, stiffness, and strength. Physical and mechanical properties, including compressive, tensile, bending, and torsional stiffness and strength of the developed scaffolds, were then characterised experimentally and numerically using finite element method. Sheet thickness was constant at 300 μm, and the unit cell size was varied to generate different pore sizes and porosities. Gyroid scaffolds had a pore size in the range of 600–1200 μm and a porosity in the range of 54–72%, respectively. Corresponding values for the diamond were 900–1500 μm and 56–70%. Both structure types were validated experimentally, and a wide range of mechanical properties (including stiffness and yield strength) were predicted using the finite element method. The stiffness and strength of both structures are comparable to that of cortical bone, hence reducing the risks of scaffold failure. The results demonstrate that the developed scaffolds mimic the physical and mechanical properties of cortical bone and can be suitable for bone replacement and orthopaedic implants. However, an optimal design should be chosen based on specific performance requirements. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicines)

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Review

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29 pages, 1571 KiB

Open AccessReview

Function of the Long Noncoding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Classification, Molecular Mechanisms, and Significant Therapeutic Potentials

by Ahmad Khan and Xiaobo Zhang

Bioengineering 2022, 9(8), 406; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bioengineering9080406 - 21 Aug 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2899

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common and serious type of primary liver cancer. HCC patients have a high death rate and poor prognosis due to the lack of clear signs and inadequate treatment interventions. However, the molecular pathways that underpin HCC pathogenesis remain unclear. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a new type of RNAs, have been found to play important roles in HCC. LncRNAs have the ability to influence gene expression and protein activity. Dysregulation of lncRNAs has been linked to a growing number of liver disorders, including HCC. As a result, improved understanding of lncRNAs could lead to new insights into HCC etiology, as well as new approaches for the early detection and treatment of HCC. The latest results with respect to the role of lncRNAs in controlling multiple pathways of HCC were summarized in this study. The processes by which lncRNAs influence HCC advancement by interacting with chromatin, RNAs, and proteins at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional levels were examined. This critical review also highlights recent breakthroughs in lncRNA signaling pathways in HCC progression, shedding light on the potential applications of lncRNAs for HCC diagnosis and therapy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicines)

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