Exercise and Age-Related Chronic Disease

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737). This special issue belongs to the section "Behavioural Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 5003

Special Issue Editor

Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore City, Singapore
Interests: the modification of age-related decline in musculoskeletal and metabolic health with exercise

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The theme for this Special Issue shines a spotlight on the growing healthcare burden that is associated with an acutely ageing population globally, as well as the often under-appreciated value of exercise as a multipotent “pill” for the prevention and treatment of age-related chronic disease. Conceptually, the ageing process can be seen through the lens of entropy, which postulates that organized systems (including biological systems) will shift over time towards a state of disorderliness and self-destruction. Biologically, this process translates to the gradual failure of the homeostasis mechanisms with age, from the micro- to the systemic organization of the body, which eventually lead to chronic disease and ill health. Ageing affects every biological system in the body in different combinations and at different magnitudes between individuals, with the risk and extent of co-morbidity increasing with older age.

The roles of exercise in health promotion and disease prevention and treatment have been known since the days of Hippocrates (460–370 BC) and Galen (129–210 AD), who are the founding fathers of modern medicine. Research studies in the last five decades or more have provided strong evidence of the medicinal value of exercise for health preservation and disease intervention. Collectively, this evidence indicates that exercise can reduce the risks of major chronic diseases by 25% to 50%, and that exercise has both complementary and additive effects in the treatment of chronic disease when used together with pharmacological agents. Consensus statements on the health benefits of exercise have also been published by multiple professional organizations, including most recently by the World Health Organization in 2020.

Against this backdrop, this Special Issue aims to provide a platform for sharing the latest research on the interactions between exercise and age-associated chronic disease. We invite submissions for all types of studies and systematic reviews that are relevant to the theme of this Special Issue, from basic to applied research to the physiological, psychosocial and emotional aspects of ageing health. Research and systematic reviews that provide greater resolution on the current consensus or that challenge the current paradigm of the relationship between exercise and ageing health will be given additional attention. The active participation from the scientific community will contribute significantly to the robust scientific exchange that we hope to achieve with this Special Issue of Biology.

Dr. Chin Leong Lim
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • exercise
  • physical activity
  • elderly
  • ageing health
  • chronic disease
  • mental health
  • metabolic disease
  • musculoskeletal health

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1616 KiB  
Article
Acute Effects of Static Stretching Combined with Vibration and Nonvibration Foam Rolling on the Cardiovascular Responses and Functional Fitness of Older Women with Prehypertension
by Che-Hsiu Chen, Chin-Hsien Hsu, Lee-Ping Chu, Chih-Hui Chiu, Wen-Chieh Yang, Kai-Wei Yu and Xin Ye
Biology 2022, 11(7), 1025; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/biology11071025 - 07 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2102
Abstract
We compared the effects of three warm-up protocols (static stretching (SS), static stretching with vibration foam rolling (SS + VFR), and static stretching with nonvibration foam rolling (SS + FR) on the blood pressure and functional fitness performance in older women with prehypertension. [...] Read more.
We compared the effects of three warm-up protocols (static stretching (SS), static stretching with vibration foam rolling (SS + VFR), and static stretching with nonvibration foam rolling (SS + FR) on the blood pressure and functional fitness performance in older women with prehypertension. Thirteen older women went through different protocols in separate visits, and their systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, brachial pulse pressure (BPP), functional fitness test (back scratch (BS), chair-sit-and-reach, 30 s arm curl (AC), 30 s chair stand, 2 min step, 8-foot up and go), and single-leg standing balance (SLB) were recorded. The SBP and BPP were significantly higher after SS and SS + VFR than after SS + FR. Both SS + FR and SS + VFR significantly improved the 2 min step, when compared with SS. Additionally, SS + VFR significantly improved the BS and AC performance. However, compared with SS and SS + FR, SS + VFR significantly reduced the SLB performance. Therefore, SS + FR may be a better warm-up protocol for older women in maintaining blood pressure. On the other hand, even though SS + VFR induced superior shoulder flexibility, aerobic endurance, and arm strength, it could impair balance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise and Age-Related Chronic Disease)
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16 pages, 2462 KiB  
Article
Initial Muscle Quality Affects Individual Responsiveness of Interleukin-6 and Creatine Kinase following Acute Eccentric Exercise in Sedentary Obese Older Women
by Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto, Dahan da Cunha Nascimento, Jonato Prestes, Eduardo Fernandes da Fonseca, Rodrigo Souza Celes, Nicholas Rolnick, Yuri Gustavo de Sousa Barbalho, Alessandro de Oliveira Silva, Marina Morato Stival, Luciano Ramos de Lima and Silvana Schwerz Funghetto
Biology 2022, 11(4), 537; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/biology11040537 - 31 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2113
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the time course and responsiveness of plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and creatine kinase (CK) levels following acute eccentric resistance exercise in sedentary obese older women with a different muscle quality index (MQI). Eighty-eight participants (69.4 ± 6.06 years) completed [...] Read more.
This study aimed to evaluate the time course and responsiveness of plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and creatine kinase (CK) levels following acute eccentric resistance exercise in sedentary obese older women with a different muscle quality index (MQI). Eighty-eight participants (69.4 ± 6.06 years) completed an acute eccentric resistance exercise (7 sets of 10 repetitions at 110% of 10-repetition maximum with 3 min rest interval). Participants were divided into two groups: high or low MQI according to 50th percentile cut-off. The responsiveness was based on minimal clinical important difference. There were no differences between groups and time on IL-6 and CK levels (p > 0.05). However, the high MQI group displayed a lower proportion of low responders (1 for laboratory and 2 for field-based vs. 5 and 4) and a higher proportion of high responders for IL-6 (7 for laboratory and 6 for field-based vs. 4 and 5) compared to low MQI group. In addition, the high MQI group showed a higher proportion of high responders for CK (11 for laboratory and 9 for field-based vs. 6 and 6) compared to low MQI. A prior MQI screening can provide feedback to understand the magnitude response. Individual responsiveness should be taken into consideration for maximizing eccentric exercise prescription. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise and Age-Related Chronic Disease)
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