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Biosensors
Special Issues
Microfluidic Based Organ-on-Chips and Biomedical Application
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Microfluidic Based Organ-on-Chips and Biomedical Application

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensor and Bioelectronic Devices".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 January 2023) | Viewed by 18400

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hongju Mao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
Interests: microfluidic chip; micro-nano technology; bio-sensor; biomolecule detection

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The main topic of this Special Issue is the study of microfluidic-based organ-on-chip technology in the biomedical field (e.g., drug screening, cancer therapy, pathology and disease model). This Special Issue aims to gather original articles and reviews showing research advances, fabrication, innovative applications, new challenges, and future perspectives of organ-on-chip technology in important areas such as biomedicine, precision medicine and disease research.

Organ-on-chip is a new frontier technology involving different disciplines. It refers to a bionic microphysiological system created on a bioengineered microfluidic device, which represents the functional unit at the organ level. It can generalize the physiologically related structure and function of organs, as well as the interactions between multiple organs in the body, thus providing an alternative model for predicting human responses to various drugs and environmental stimuli. It can analyze the occurrence and development of complex human diseases from a new perspective, and is expected to bring a revolution in the traditional fields of biomedical research, drug testing, personalized medicine, toxicity prediction, biodefense, and so on.

Dr. Hongju Mao
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • organ-on-chip
  • microfluidic
  • disease models
  • drug screening
  • drug development
  • precision medicine

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

3 pages, 167 KiB  
Editorial
Microfluidic Based Organ-on-Chips and Biomedical Application
by Qiushi Li, Zhaoduo Tong and Hongju Mao
Biosensors 2023, 13(4), 436; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bios13040436 - 29 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1399
Abstract
Organ-on-a-Chip is a microfluidic cell culture device manufactured via microchip fabrication methods [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidic Based Organ-on-Chips and Biomedical Application)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

11 pages, 2437 KiB  
Article
A Microfluidic Cell Co-Culture Chip for the Monitoring of Interactions between Macrophages and Fibroblasts
by Pengcheng Li, Feiyun Cui, Heying Chen, Yao Yang, Gang Li, Hongju Mao and Xiaoyan Lyu
Biosensors 2023, 13(1), 70; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bios13010070 - 31 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2456
Abstract
Macrophages and fibroblasts are two types of important cells in wound healing. The development of novel platforms for studying the interrelationship between these two cells is crucial for the exploration of wound-healing mechanisms and drug development. In this study, a microfluidic chip composed [...] Read more.
Macrophages and fibroblasts are two types of important cells in wound healing. The development of novel platforms for studying the interrelationship between these two cells is crucial for the exploration of wound-healing mechanisms and drug development. In this study, a microfluidic chip composed of two layers was designed for the co-culturing of these two cells. An air valve was employed to isolate fibroblasts to simulate the wound-healing microenvironment. The confluence rate of fibroblasts in the co-culture system with different macrophages was explored to reflect the role of different macrophages in wound healing. It was demonstrated that M2-type macrophages could promote the activation and migration of fibroblasts and it can be inferred that they could promote the wound-healing process. The proposed microfluidic co-culture system was designed for non-contact cell–cell interactions, which has potential significance for the study of cell–cell interactions in biological processes such as wound healing, tumor microenvironment, and embryonic development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidic Based Organ-on-Chips and Biomedical Application)
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12 pages, 1525 KiB  
Article
Exploratory Evaluation of EGFR-Targeted Anti-Tumor Drugs for Lung Cancer Based on Lung-on-a-Chip
by Jianfeng Tan, Xindi Sun, Jianhua Zhang, Huili Li, Jun Kuang, Lulu Xu, Xinghua Gao and Chengbin Zhou
Biosensors 2022, 12(8), 618; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bios12080618 - 09 Aug 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2238
Abstract
In this study, we used three-dimensional (3D) printing to prepare a template of a microfluidic chip from which a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)lung chip was successfully constructed. The upper and lower channels of the chip are separated by a microporous membrane. The upper channel is [...] Read more.
In this study, we used three-dimensional (3D) printing to prepare a template of a microfluidic chip from which a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)lung chip was successfully constructed. The upper and lower channels of the chip are separated by a microporous membrane. The upper channel is seeded with lung cancer cells, and the lower channel is seeded with vascular endothelial cells and continuously perfused with cell culture medium. This lung chip can simulate the microenvironment of lung tissue and realize the coculture of two kinds of cells at different levels. We used a two-dimensional (2D) well plate and a 3D lung chip to evaluate the effects of different EGFR-targeting drugs (gefitinib, afatinib, and osimertinib) on tumor cells. The 3D lung chip was superior to the 2D well plate at evaluating the effect of drugs on the NCI-H650, and the results were more consistent with existing clinical data. For primary tumor cells, 3D lung chips have more advantages because they simulate conditions that are more similar to the physiological cell microenvironment. The evaluation of EGFR-targeted drugs on lung chips is of great significance for personalized diagnosis and treatment and pharmacodynamic evaluation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidic Based Organ-on-Chips and Biomedical Application)
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14 pages, 5497 KiB  
Article
Surface-Fabrication of Fluorescent Hydroxyapatite for Cancer Cell Imaging and Bio-Printing Applications
by Weimin Wan, Ziqi Li, Xi Wang, Fei Tian and Jian Yang
Biosensors 2022, 12(6), 419; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bios12060419 - 15 Jun 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2552
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) materials are widely applied as biomedical materials due to their stable performance, low cost, good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Here, a green, fast and efficient strategy was designed to construct a fluorescent nanosystem for cell imaging and drug delivery based on polyethyleneimine [...] Read more.
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) materials are widely applied as biomedical materials due to their stable performance, low cost, good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Here, a green, fast and efficient strategy was designed to construct a fluorescent nanosystem for cell imaging and drug delivery based on polyethyleneimine (PEI) and functionalized HAP via simple physical adsorption. First, HAP nanorods were functionalized with riboflavin sodium phosphate (HE) to provide them with fluorescence properties based on ligand-exchange process. Next, PEI was attached on the surface of HE-functionalized HAP (HAP-HE@PEI) via electrostatic attraction. The fluorescent HAP-HE@PEI nanosystem could be rapidly taken up by NIH-3T3 fibroblast cells and successfully applied to for cell imaging. Additionally, doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) containing HAP-HE@PEI with high loading capacity was prepared, and in-vitro release results show that the maximum release of DOX at pH 5.4 (31.83%) was significantly higher than that at pH 7.2 (9.90%), which can be used as a drug delivery tool for cancer therapy. Finally, HAP-HE@PEI as the 3D inkjet printing ink were printed with GelMA hydrogel, showing a great biocompatible property for 3D cell culture of RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Altogether, because of the enhanced affinity with the cell membrane of HAP-HE@PEI, this green, fast and efficient strategy may provide a prospective candidate for bio-imaging, drug delivery and bio-printing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidic Based Organ-on-Chips and Biomedical Application)
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Graphical abstract

14 pages, 3547 KiB  
Article
Analyzing Human Periodontal Soft Tissue Inflammation and Drug Responses In Vitro Using Epithelium-Capillary Interface On-a-Chip
by Laidi Jin, Ni Kou, Fan An, Zehang Gao, Tian Tian, Jianan Hui, Chen Chen, Guowu Ma, Hongju Mao and Huiying Liu
Biosensors 2022, 12(5), 345; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bios12050345 - 18 May 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2748
Abstract
The gingival epithelium–capillary interface is a unique feature of periodontal soft tissue, preserving periodontal tissue homeostasis and preventing microorganism and toxic substances from entering the subepithelial tissue. However, the function of the interface is disturbed in periodontitis, and mechanisms of the breakdown of [...] Read more.
The gingival epithelium–capillary interface is a unique feature of periodontal soft tissue, preserving periodontal tissue homeostasis and preventing microorganism and toxic substances from entering the subepithelial tissue. However, the function of the interface is disturbed in periodontitis, and mechanisms of the breakdown of the interface are incompletely understood. To address these limitations, we developed a microfluidic epithelium–capillary barrier with a thin culture membrane (10 μm) that closely mimics the in vivo gingival epithelial barrier with an immune micro-environment. To test the validity of the fabricated gingival epithelial barrier model, epithelium–capillary interface-on-a-chip was cultured with human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs) and human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC). Their key properties were tested using optical microscope, transepithelial/transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), and permeability assays. The clear expression of VE-cadherin revealed the tight junctions in endothelial cells. Live/dead assays indicated a high cell viability, and the astrocytic morphology of HGE cells was confirmed by F-actin immunostaining. By the third day of cell culture, TEER levels typically exceeded in co-cultures. The resultant permeability coefficients showed a significant difference between 70 kDa and 40 kDa FITC-dextran. The expression of protein intercellular cell adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) and human beta defensin-2 (HBD2) decreased when exposed to TNF-α and LPS, but recovered with the NF-κB inhibitor treatment- Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamic acid (PDTC), indicating the stability of the fabricated chip. These results demonstrate that the developed epithelium-capillary interface system is a valid model for studying periodontal soft tissue function and drug delivery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidic Based Organ-on-Chips and Biomedical Application)
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Review

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20 pages, 14182 KiB  
Review
Microfluidic Organ-on-a-Chip System for Disease Modeling and Drug Development
by Zening Li, Jianan Hui, Panhui Yang and Hongju Mao
Biosensors 2022, 12(6), 370; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/bios12060370 - 27 May 2022
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 5690
Abstract
An organ-on-a-chip is a device that combines micro-manufacturing and tissue engineering to replicate the critical physiological environment and functions of the human organs. Therefore, it can be used to predict drug responses and environmental effects on organs. Microfluidic technology can control micro-scale reagents [...] Read more.
An organ-on-a-chip is a device that combines micro-manufacturing and tissue engineering to replicate the critical physiological environment and functions of the human organs. Therefore, it can be used to predict drug responses and environmental effects on organs. Microfluidic technology can control micro-scale reagents with high precision. Hence, microfluidics have been widely applied in organ-on-chip systems to mimic specific organ or multiple organs in vivo. These models integrated with various sensors show great potential in simulating the human environment. In this review, we mainly introduce the typical structures and recent research achievements of several organ-on-a-chip platforms. We also discuss innovations in models applied to the fields of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, nano-medicine, continuous dynamic monitoring in disease modeling, and their further applications in other fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microfluidic Based Organ-on-Chips and Biomedical Application)
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