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C
Special Issues
Characterization and Standardization of Graphene Materials
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Characterization and Standardization of Graphene Materials

A special issue of C (ISSN 2311-5629). This special issue belongs to the section "Carbon Materials and Carbon Allotropes".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2020) | Viewed by 24452

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Dusan Losic

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
Interests: nanotechnology; nanomaterials; biomaterials; nanofabrication; graphene; 2D materials; surface engineering; functional coatings
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am pleased to introduce this Special Issue of the Journal C, focusing on the characterization and standardization of graphene materials. The industrial production of graphene has grown considerably in the past several years, with several hundred to thousands of producers using about 20 different production techniques to make graphene materials with different properties, forms and qualities, and used for different applications. The new graphene industry has more than 100 products on market and is growing rapidly.  However recent studies showed that the majority of graphene materials on market are not graphene, which could considerably impact the whole graphene industry. There is a need for the development and implementation of graphene characterization and standardization methods. The scope of the proposed Special Issue is to attract articles or review papers covering various aspects of this topic including: the evaluation of properties of manufactured graphene materials from different suppliers; the evaluation of  ISO methods and standards for graphene characterization;  the development of quality control systems; the study of existing or new characterization methods for graphene materials including bulk powders, solutions, paste, and films; and the specific characterization of graphene materials and their functionalized forms related to specific applications such as thermal, supercapacitors, batteries, inks, wearable electronics, coatings, composites, and construction materials. This Special Issue will cover all other aspects of the characterization and standardization of graphene materials and their properties and application, with the aim to help the graphene industry provide graphene materials and products of high confidence and well-defined quality.

Prof. Dusan Losic
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. C is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • graphene
  • graphene oxide
  • graphite
  • graphene characterizations
  • graphene standards
  • graphene quality control
  • bulk graphene characterization
  • Raman characterization
  • particle size
  • surface area

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 31015 KiB  
Article
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) of Graphene Materials: Effect of Particle Size of Graphene, Graphene Oxide and Graphite on Thermal Parameters
by Farzaneh Farivar, Pei Lay Yap, Ramesh Udayashankar Karunagaran and Dusan Losic
C 2021, 7(2), 41; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/c7020041 - 27 Apr 2021
Cited by 106 | Viewed by 18242
Abstract
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) has been recognized as a simple and reliable analytical tool for characterization of industrially manufactured graphene powders. Thermal properties of graphene are dependent on many parameters such as particle size, number of layers, defects and presence of oxygen groups to [...] Read more.
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) has been recognized as a simple and reliable analytical tool for characterization of industrially manufactured graphene powders. Thermal properties of graphene are dependent on many parameters such as particle size, number of layers, defects and presence of oxygen groups to improve the reliability of this method for quality control of graphene materials, therefore it is important to explore the influence of these parameters. This paper presents a comprehensive TGA study to determine the influence of different particle size of the three key materials including graphene, graphene oxide and graphite on their thermal parameters such as carbon decomposition range and its temperature of maximum mass change rate (Tmax). Results showed that Tmax values derived from the TGA-DTG carbon combustion peaks of these materials increasing from GO (558–616 °C), to graphene (659–713 °C) and followed by graphite (841–949 °C) The Tmax values derived from their respective DTG carbon combustion peaks increased as their particle size increased (28.6–120.2 µm for GO, 7.6–73.4 for graphene and 24.2–148.8 µm for graphite). The linear relationship between the Tmax values and the particle size of graphene and their key impurities (graphite and GO) confirmed in this study endows the use of TGA technique with more confidence to evaluate bulk graphene-related materials (GRMs) at low-cost, rapid, reliable and simple diagnostic tool for improved quality control of industrially manufactured GRMs including detection of “fake” graphene. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization and Standardization of Graphene Materials)
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13 pages, 3794 KiB  
Article
Graphene Oxide/Fe-Based Composite Pre-Polymerized Coagulants: Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Application in Water Treatment
by Athanasia K. Tolkou and Anastasios I. Zouboulis
C 2020, 6(3), 44; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/c6030044 - 30 Jun 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2268
Abstract
This study presents for the first time the synthesis and characterization of GO (graphene oxide), PFSiC (polyferric silicate chloride), and hybrid GO-PFSiC derivatives, aiming to enhance synergistically the performance of coagulation, when applied for the treatment of water. The structure and the morphology [...] Read more.
This study presents for the first time the synthesis and characterization of GO (graphene oxide), PFSiC (polyferric silicate chloride), and hybrid GO-PFSiC derivatives, aiming to enhance synergistically the performance of coagulation, when applied for the treatment of water. The structure and the morphology of composite GO-PFSiC coagulants were studied in detail by the application of FTIR, XRD, and SEM characterization techniques. Furthermore, the proposed coagulants were applied for the treatment of simulated turbid surface water. The effects of the reagent’s dosage, pH value, and experimental/operational conditions on the coagulation efficiency, applied mainly for the removal of turbidity, were examined. The results, obtained from the FTIR and XRD measurements, showed the presence of a bond between the PFSiC and the GO surface, indicating that the PFSiC particles are distributed uniformly on the surface of graphene, which was also confirmed by the SEM images. Especially, the composite compound GO-PFSiC1.5-15-0.5 presents the most uniform distribution of iron on the surface of graphene oxide and exhibits the optimum coagulation efficiency, while it significantly reduces the turbidity for doses above 3–5 mg/L, i.e., achieving the respective legislation limit as proposed by WHO. Specifically, at the alkaline pH values (>7.9), the removal of turbidity reaches 96%. Consequently, the results of this study render these materials as potential coagulant agents for further research and applications, aiming to also achieve the co-removal of other water components. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization and Standardization of Graphene Materials)
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17 pages, 9844 KiB  
Article
Nitrogen-Doped Flower-Like Hybrid Structure Based on Three-Dimensional Graphene
by Kinshuk Dasgupta, Mahnoosh Khosravifar, Shrilekha Sawant, Paa Kwasi Adusei, Sathya Narayan Kanakaraj, Jacob Kasik and Vesselin Shanov
C 2020, 6(2), 40; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/c6020040 - 19 Jun 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3211
Abstract
A new flower-like hybrid structure consisting of nitrogen-doped 3-dimensional (3D) graphene and vertically aligned graphene has been synthesized using a combination of low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) techniques. Active nitrogen (N) species were found to be essential [...] Read more.
A new flower-like hybrid structure consisting of nitrogen-doped 3-dimensional (3D) graphene and vertically aligned graphene has been synthesized using a combination of low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) techniques. Active nitrogen (N) species were found to be essential for the growth of the flower-like morphology. N-doping was responsible for enhanced electrical conductivity and wettability of the obtained nano-carbon hybrid structure. Based on the conducted studies a growth mechanism has been proposed. The high specific surface area, low resistance to charge transfer and enhanced specific capacitance of this nitrogen-doped hybrid structure, makes it an excellent candidate material for supercapacitors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization and Standardization of Graphene Materials)
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