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Catalysts
Special Issues
CO2 Catalytic Conversion and Utilization
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CO2 Catalytic Conversion and Utilization

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 10816

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kuan Chang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
Interests: nanoencapsulation of bioactive ingredients; smart nanocarriers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The growing threat of global climate change as well as ocean acidification has received increasing attention in recent years. To solve this problem, scientists all over the world have devoted many efforts to the catalytic conversion of CO2. Using thermocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis methods, various fuels and chemicals could be synthesized from CO2, which is vital for reducing emissions of greenhouse gases and neutralizing the negative impacts of CO2 emissions on the environment.

In past years, a lot of progress has been achieved in the conventional CO2 catalytic conversion route. Additionally, new catalytic conversion routes have been proposed by researchers all over the world. Therefore, this Special Issue of Catalysts on CO2 catalytic conversion will publish papers on new research findings, including the novel CO2 catalytic conversion route, catalytic mechanisms for CO2 conversion, high performance catalysts in CO2 catalytic conversion, and so on.

Dr. Kuan Chang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • CO2 conversion
  • CO2 activation
  • CO2 electroreduction
  • CO2 photocatalytic conversion
  • catalysis mechanism
  • heterogeneous catalysis

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 7726 KiB  
Article
CO2 Electroreduction to Formate—Comparative Study Regarding the Electrocatalytic Performance of SnO2 Nanoparticles
by Henning Weinrich, Bastian Rutjens, Shibabrata Basak, Bernhard Schmid, Osmane Camara, Ansgar Kretzschmar, Hans Kungl, Hermann Tempel and Rüdiger-A. Eichel
Catalysts 2023, 13(5), 903; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal13050903 - 18 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1444
Abstract
SnO2 nanoparticles have frequently been reported as effective electrocatalysts for CO2 electroreduction to formate. However, in the literature, there is little knowledge of SnO2 nanoparticles that guarantee superior electrocatalytic performance. Hence, in this study, several SnO2 nanoparticles are compared [...] Read more.
SnO2 nanoparticles have frequently been reported as effective electrocatalysts for CO2 electroreduction to formate. However, in the literature, there is little knowledge of SnO2 nanoparticles that guarantee superior electrocatalytic performance. Hence, in this study, several SnO2 nanoparticles are compared with respect to their material properties, and correlations to the electrocatalytic performance are established. For comparison, three custom-made SnO2-electrocatalysts were prepared, reproducing frequently cited procedures in literature. Based on the comparison, it is found that hydrothermal, sol-gel, and solid-state synthesis provide quite different electrocatalysts, particularly in terms of the particle size and crystal lattice defect structure. Desirably small nanoparticles with a comparatively high number of lattice defects are found for the nanoparticles prepared by hydrothermal synthesis, which also provide the best electrocatalytic performance in terms of Faradaic efficiency for the electroreduction of CO2 to formate. However, despite the considerably smaller surface area, the commercial reference also provides significant electrocatalytic performance, e.g., in terms of the overall produced amount of formate, which suggests a surprisingly high surface area-specific activity for this material that is low on defects. Thus, defects do not appear to be the preferred reaction site for the CO2 electroreduction to formate on SnO2 in this case. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CO2 Catalytic Conversion and Utilization)
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12 pages, 2924 KiB  
Article
In Situ Formation of Z-Scheme Bi2WO6/WO3 Heterojunctions for Gas-Phase CO2 Photoreduction with H2O by Photohydrothermal Treatment
by Zekai Zhang, Ding Zhang, Lin Lyu, Guokai Cui and Hanfeng Lu
Catalysts 2022, 12(10), 1237; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal12101237 - 14 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1296
Abstract
We report a new photohydrothermal method to prepare a Bi2WO6/WO3 catalytic material for CO2 photoreduction by solar concentrators. The photohydrothermal treatment improves the physico-chemical properties of the Bi2WO6/WO3 material and forms well [...] Read more.
We report a new photohydrothermal method to prepare a Bi2WO6/WO3 catalytic material for CO2 photoreduction by solar concentrators. The photohydrothermal treatment improves the physico-chemical properties of the Bi2WO6/WO3 material and forms well contact Bi2WO6/WO3 heterojunctions, which increase the maximum reaction rate of CO2 photoreduction to 8.2 times under the simulated light, and the hydrocarbon yield under the real concentrating solar light achieves thousands of μmol·gcata−1. The reason for the high activity is attributed to the direct Z-scheme effect of Bi2WO6/WO3 heterojunctions and the photothermal effect during the course. These findings highlight the utilization of solar energy in CO2 photoreduction and open avenues for the rational design of highly efficient photocatalysts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CO2 Catalytic Conversion and Utilization)
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19 pages, 7460 KiB  
Article
CO2 Methanation of Biogas over Ni-Mg-Al: The Effects of Ni Content, Reduction Temperature, and Biogas Composition
by Danbee Han, Wonjun Cho and Youngsoon Baek
Catalysts 2022, 12(9), 1054; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal12091054 - 16 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1492
Abstract
Biogas is mainly composed of CH4 and CO2, so it is used as an alternative energy to CH4 with high energy density by separating and removing CO2 from biogas. In addition, it can be utilized by producing synthesis [...] Read more.
Biogas is mainly composed of CH4 and CO2, so it is used as an alternative energy to CH4 with high energy density by separating and removing CO2 from biogas. In addition, it can be utilized by producing synthesis gas (CO and H2) through thermal decomposition of biogas or by synthesizing CH4 by methanation of CO2. The technique of CO2 methanation is a method that can improve the CH4 concentration without CO2 separation. This study aims to produce more efficient methane through CO2 methanation of biogas over Ni-Mg-Al catalyst. So, the effect of Ni contents in catalyst, catalyst reduction temperature, CO2 concentration in biogas, and the initial concentration of CH4 on CO2 conversion rate and CH4 selectivity was investigated. In addition, the effect of increasing CO2 concentration, H2/CO2 ratio, and GHSV (gas space velocity per hour) on H2 conversion, CH4 productivity, and product was investigated. In particular, the durability and stability of CO2 methanation was tested over 60 wt% Ni-Mg-Al catalyst at 350 °C and 30,000/h for 130 h. From the long-term test results, the catalyst shows stability by maintaining a constant CO2 conversion rate of 72% and a CH4 selectivity of 95%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CO2 Catalytic Conversion and Utilization)
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21 pages, 5242 KiB  
Article
Cu/Zn/Zr/Ga Catalyst for Utilisation of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol—Kinetic Equations
by Łukasz Hamryszak, Maria Madej-Lachowska, Mirosław Grzesik and Michał Śliwa
Catalysts 2022, 12(7), 757; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal12070757 - 09 Jul 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1826
Abstract
This paper presents the kinetics of methanol synthesis from carbon dioxide and hydrogen over a Cu/Zn/Zr/Ga catalyst. Kinetic studies were carried out in a continuous-flow fixed-bed reactor in a temperature range from 433 to 513 K, pressures from 3 to 8 MPa, and [...] Read more.
This paper presents the kinetics of methanol synthesis from carbon dioxide and hydrogen over a Cu/Zn/Zr/Ga catalyst. Kinetic studies were carried out in a continuous-flow fixed-bed reactor in a temperature range from 433 to 513 K, pressures from 3 to 8 MPa, and GHSV from 1660 to 10,000 1/h for initial molar fractions of hydrogen from about 0.48 to 0.70, carbon dioxide from 0.05 to about 0.22, and carbon monoxide from 0 to about 0.07. Significant effects of temperature and the composition of the reaction mixture on the conversion degrees α1 and α2 were found. The Cu/Zn/Zr/Ga catalyst showed good stability over 960 h. XRD and CO2TPD characterisation were performed. Thefinally obtained results of kinetic tests were developed in the form of Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetic equations. The numerical Levenberg–Marquardt method was used to estimate the kinetic equations. The average relative error of fitting the kinetic equations to the experimental data was 18%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CO2 Catalytic Conversion and Utilization)
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24 pages, 9326 KiB  
Article
Evaluating CO2 Desorption Activity of Tri-Solvent MEA + EAE + AMP with Various Commercial Solid Acid Catalysts
by Binbin Zhang, Jiacheng Peng, Ye Li, Huancong Shi, Jing Jin, Jiawei Hu and Shijian Lu
Catalysts 2022, 12(7), 723; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal12070723 - 30 Jun 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 1759
Abstract
The Paris Agreement and one of its goals, “carbon neutrality,” require intensive studies on CO2 absorption and desorption processes. When searching for ways of reducing the huge energy cost of CO2 desorption in the amine scrubbing process, the combination of blended [...] Read more.
The Paris Agreement and one of its goals, “carbon neutrality,” require intensive studies on CO2 absorption and desorption processes. When searching for ways of reducing the huge energy cost of CO2 desorption in the amine scrubbing process, the combination of blended amine with solid acid catalysts turned out to be a powerful solution in need of further investigation. In this study, the tri-solvent MEA (monoethanolamine) + EAE(2-(ethylamino)ethanol) + AMP(2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol) was prepared at: 0.2 + 2 + 2, 0.5 + 2 + 2, 0.3 + 1.5 + 2.5 and 0.2 + 1 + 3 mol/L. The heterogeneous catalytic CO2 desorptions were tested with five commercial catalysts: blended γ-Al2O3/H-ZSM-5, H-beta, H-mordenite, HND-8 and HND-580. Desorption experiments were conducted via a recirculation process with direct heating at 363 K or using temperature programming method having a range of 303–363 K. Then, the average CO2 desorption rate, heat duty and desorption factors were studied. After comparison, the order of CO2 desorption performance was found to be HND-8 > HND-580 > H-mordenite > Hβ > blended γ-Al2O3/H-ZSM-5 > no catalyst. Among the other combinations, the 0.2 + 1 + 3 mol/L MEA + EAE + AMP with HND-8 had a minimized heat duty (HD) of 589.3 kJ/mol CO2 and the biggest desorption factor (DF) of 0.0277 × (10−3 mol CO2)3/L2 kJ min. This study provided a kind of tri-solvent with catalysts as an energy-efficient solution for CO2 absorption and desorption in industrial CO2 capture pilot plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CO2 Catalytic Conversion and Utilization)
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13 pages, 3055 KiB  
Article
Biosynthesis of Pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde via Enzymatic CO2 Fixation
by Gabriel R. Titchiner, Stephen A. Marshall, Herkus Miscikas and David Leys
Catalysts 2022, 12(5), 538; https://0-doi-org.brum.beds.ac.uk/10.3390/catal12050538 - 14 May 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2342
Abstract
The use of CO2 as a chemical building block is of considerable interest. To achieve carbon fixation at ambient conditions, (de)carboxylase enzymes offer an attractive route but frequently require elevated [CO2] levels to yield the acid product. However, it has [...] Read more.
The use of CO2 as a chemical building block is of considerable interest. To achieve carbon fixation at ambient conditions, (de)carboxylase enzymes offer an attractive route but frequently require elevated [CO2] levels to yield the acid product. However, it has recently been shown that the coupling of a UbiD-type decarboxylase with carboxylic acid reductase yields the corresponding aldehyde product at near ambient [CO2]. Here, we show this approach can be expanded to different UbiD and CAR enzymes to yield alternative products, in this case, the production of pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde from pyrrole, using Pseudomonas aeruginosa HudA/PA0254 in combination with Segniliparus rotundus CAR. This confirms the varied substrate range of the respective UbiD and CAR enzymes can be harnessed in distinct combinations to support production of a wide range of aldehydes via enzymatic CO2 fixation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CO2 Catalytic Conversion and Utilization)
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